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mysql运维之-单机多实例(多进程的方式)

本文实践的是多进程的方式做MYSQL单机多实例，一个实例一个进程，各实例有自己的配置文件，总结起来有以下几点：

端口port分开
配置文件分开
socket分开
日志分开
多serverid
都可以使用mysql用户

1.源代码编译安装&配置MYSQL环境变量（略）
2.配置多实例

MYSQL版本：5.7.28
2.1.创建多个数据目录
mkdir /data/{3307,3306,3308} -p

2.2.准备多个配置文件

root@lzr-K401LB:/etc/systemd/system# cat /data/3306/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/3306/data
port=3306
socket=/data/3306/mysql.sock
log-error=/data/3306/data/mysql.err
log-bin=/data/3306/data/mysql-bin
server_id=6
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true

#skip-grant-tables
root@lzr-K401LB:/etc/systemd/system#

3306

root@lzr-K401LB:/etc/systemd/system# cat /data/3307/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/3307/data
port=3307
socket=/data/3307/mysql.sock
log-error=/data/3307/data/mysql.err
log-bin=/data/3307/data/mysql-bin
server_id=7
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true

#skip-grant-tables
root@lzr-K401LB:/etc/systemd/system#

3307

root@lzr-K401LB:/etc/systemd/system# cat /data/3308/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/3308/data
port=3308
socket=/data/3308/mysql.sock
log-error=/data/3308/data/mysql.err
log-bin=/data/3308/data/mysql-bin
server_id=8
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true

#skip-grant-tables
root@lzr-K401LB:/etc/systemd/system#

3308

2.3 初始化多套数据目录
cd /usr/mysql/bin
./mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/data/3306/my.cnf --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/3306/data
./mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/3307/data
./mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/data/3308/my.cnf --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/3308/data

2.4 文件权限
chown -R mysql.mysql /data

2.4 启动&关闭MYSQL多实例

cd /usr/mysql/bin
启动
./mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf &
./mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3306/my.cnf &

./mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3308/my.cnf &

关闭(无密码)

./mysqladmin -S /data/3306/mysql.sock shutdown

./mysqladmin -S /data/3307/mysql.sock shutdown

./mysqladmin -S /data/3308/mysql.sock shutdown
关闭(有密码)
./mysqladmin -uroot -p123456 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock shutdown
./mysqladmin -uroot -p123456 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock shutdown
./mysqladmin -uroot -p123456 -S /data/3308/mysql.sock shutdown
2.5 查看端口占用

root@lzr-K401LB:/usr/local/mysql/bin# netstat  -ln | grep 330
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN     
tcp6       0      0 :::3307                 :::*                    LISTEN     
tcp6       0      0 :::3308                 :::*                    LISTEN     
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     711534   /data/3306/mysql.sock
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     713104   /data/3307/mysql.sock
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     713814   /data/3308/mysql.sock
root@lzr-K401LB:/usr/local/mysql/bin#

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2.6 设置多实例密码

cd /usr/mysql/bin
./mysqladmin -uroot -S /data/3306/mysql.sock password '123456'
./mysqladmin -uroot -S /data/3307/mysql.sock password '123456'
./mysqladmin -uroot -S /data/3308/mysql.sock password '123456'
2.7 验证库连接

root@lzr-K401LB:/usr/local/mysql/bin# ./mysql -uroot -p123456 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.28-log Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show variables like 'server_id';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| server_id     | 6     |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql>

3306

root@lzr-K401LB:/usr/local/mysql/bin# ./mysql -uroot -p123456 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.28-log Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show variables like 'server_id';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| server_id     | 7     |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql>

3307

root@lzr-K401LB:/usr/local/mysql/bin# ./mysql -uroot -p123456 -S /data/3308/mysql.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.28-log Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>  show variables like 'server_id';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| server_id     | 8     |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

3308

2.8 忘记密码
修改my.cnf
[mysqld]
skip-grant-tables
启动mysql
修改密码
flush privileges;
alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified with mysql_native_password by '123456';
flush privileges;

2.9 配置后台服务+开机启动

配置3306-3308后台服务

root@lzr-K401LB:/etc/systemd/system# cat /etc/systemd/system/mysqld3306.service 
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3306/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000

View Code

添加执行权限

root@lzr-K401LB:/etc/systemd/system# chmod a+x mysqld3306.service
root@lzr-K401LB:/etc/systemd/system# chmod a+x mysqld3307.service
root@lzr-K401LB:/etc/systemd/system# chmod a+x mysqld3308.service
root@lzr-K401LB:/etc/systemd/system#

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配置开机启动

root@lzr-K401LB:/etc/systemd/system# systemctl enable mysqld3306.service
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysqld3306.service → /etc/systemd/system/mysqld3306.service.
root@lzr-K401LB:/etc/systemd/system# systemctl enable mysqld3307.service
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysqld3307.service → /etc/systemd/system/mysqld3307.service.
root@lzr-K401LB:/etc/systemd/system# systemctl enable mysqld3308.service
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysqld3308.service → /etc/systemd/system/mysqld3308.service.

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启动服务

root@lzr-K401LB:/etc/systemd/system# systemctl start mysqld3306.service
root@lzr-K401LB:/etc/systemd/system# systemctl start mysqld3307.service
root@lzr-K401LB:/etc/systemd/system# systemctl start mysqld3308.service
root@lzr-K401LB:/etc/systemd/system# ps aux|grep mysql
mysql    14853  0.0  0.0   4624  1792 ?        Ss   13:24   0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3306/my.cnf
mysql    15019  1.6  2.2 1321440 182324 ?      Sl   13:24   0:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3306/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/3306/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --log-error=/data/3306/data/mysql.err --pid-file=lzr-K401LB.pid --socket=/data/3306/mysql.sock --port=3306
mysql    15051  0.0  0.0   4624  1696 ?        Ss   13:24   0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf
mysql    15217  2.0  2.2 1321440 181872 ?      Sl   13:24   0:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/3307/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --log-error=/data/3307/data/mysql.err --pid-file=lzr-K401LB.pid --socket=/data/3307/mysql.sock --port=3307
mysql    15250  0.0  0.0   4624  1760 ?        Ss   13:24   0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3308/my.cnf
mysql    15416  2.3  2.2 1321440 182032 ?      Sl   13:24   0:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3308/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/3308/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --log-error=/data/3308/data/mysql.err --pid-file=lzr-K401LB.pid --socket=/data/3308/mysql.sock --port=3308
root     15455  0.0  0.0  16172  1004 pts/2    S+   13:24   0:00 grep --color=auto mysql
root@lzr-K401LB:/etc/systemd/system#

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/danmoqingshan/p/12640274.html

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