序列化

-------------------失去了昨日的繁星并不可怕，可怕的是你又错过了今天的朝阳。

# # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------#

day 22 
import pickle

#
# class Dog:
#     def __init__(self, name, size):
#         self.name = name
#         self.size = size
#
#     def wangwangg(self):
#         print("%s狗会旺旺旺" % self.name)


# D = Dog("中华城市田园乡村",25)
#
# ps = pickle.dumps(D)
#
# print(ps)
#
# zh = pickle.loads(ps)
#
# D.wangwangg()

# D = Dog("中华城市田园乡村",25)
#
# pickle.dump(D,open("cat.txt","wb"))
#
# dq = pickle.load(open("cat.txt","rb"))
#
# print(dq.name,dq.size)


# --------------------------------------
# E = Dog("城市乡村田园", 26)
# F = Dog("中华田园乡村", 28)
# G = Dog("中华乡村城市", 23)
#
# lst = [E, F, G]
#
# f = open("cat.txt", "ab")
# print(lst, f)


# --------------------------------------
# class User:
#     def __init__(self, username, password):
#         self.username = username
#         self.password = password
#
#
# class Admin:
#     def regist(self):
#         uname = input("注册账号-->")
#         pswd = input("密码-->")
#         user =User(uname,pswd)
#         pickle.dump(user,open("list_user","ab"))
#         print("注册成功!")
#
#     def login(self):
#         uname = input("--登录账号-->")
#         pswd = input("--密码-->")
#         f = open("list_user","rb")
#
#         while 1:
#             try:
#                 u = pickle.load(f)
#                 if u.username == uname and u.password == pswd:
#                     print("登录成功")
#                     break
#             except Exception as e:
#                 print("登录失败!")
#                 break
#
# u1 = Admin()
# u1.regist()
# u1.regist()
#
# u1.login()
# ----------------------------------
# import shelve
#
# d = shelve.open("pig")    #文件类型的字典
# d['ajx'] = "阿J斯"
# d.close()
#
# d = shelve.open("pig")
# print(d['ajx'])
# d.close()
#
# d = shelve.open("pig")    #文件类型的字典
# d['ajx'] = {"name":"阿J斯","age":18}
# d.close()

# ----------------------------------
import json

# dikt={"A":"西瓜","B":"草莓","C":"香蕉","D":"菠萝"}
# J = json.dumps(dikt,ensure_ascii=False)
# print(J)
# print(type(J))
# print("*" * 80)
# s = '{"A":"西瓜","B":"草莓","C":"香蕉","D":"菠萝"}'
# J1 = json.loads(s)
# print(J1)
# print(type(J1))

# ----------------------------------

# dikt2 = {"A": "西瓜", "B": "草莓", "C": "香蕉", "D": "菠萝"}
# f = open("nainiu.json", "w", encoding="utf8")
# json.dump(dikt2, f, ensure_ascii=False, indent=4)
#
# f1 = open("nainiu.json", "w", encoding="utf8")
# f2 = json.load(f1)
# print(f2)


# ----------------------------------
# class PP:
#     def __init__(self, F_name, L_name):
#         self.F_name = F_name
#         self.L_name = L_name
#
#
# p1 = PP("蒙娜丽莎", "江小白")
#
#
# # 把对象转化成json
# # s = json.dumps(p1.__dict__, ensure_ascii=False)
# # print(s)
#
# def func(obj):
#     return {
#         "firstName": obj.F_name,
#         "lastName": obj.L_name
#     }
#
#
# # s = json.dumps(p1, default=func, ensure_ascii=False)
# # print(s)
#
#
# # ----------------------------------
# s = '{"firstName": "蒙娜丽莎", "lastName": "江小白"}'
# def funk():
#     return PP(dic["firstName"],dic["lastName"])
#
# p = json.loads(s,object_hook=func)
# print(p.lastName,p.lastName)

# # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------#


# Day 22 作业

# 0.整理博客和笔记.
'''
序列化 把对象打散成二进制字节 bytes
    1. pickle  把一个对象转化成bytes写入到文件
        pickle.dumps() 把对象转换成bytes
        pickle.loads() 把bytes转化成对象

        pickle.dump() 把对象转换成bytes. 写入到文件
        pickle.load() 把文件中的bytes读取. 转化成对象

    2. shelve 小型数据库, redis, mongodb, dict
        当成字典来用
        writeback=True

    3. json 以前用xml  先在用json
        json.dumps() 把字典转换成json字符串
        json.loads() 把json字符串转化成字典

        json.dump() 把字典转换成json字符串. 写入到文件
        json.load() 把文件中的json字符串读取. 转化成字典

        default = 把对象转化成字典. 需要自己写转换过程
        object_hook = 把字典转化成对象. 需要自己写转换过程

        ensure_ascii = False  可以处理中文


    4. configparser 处理windows配置文件的  dict

'''
# # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------#

# 1.随机生成4位验证码(包含数字, 字母)

import string
import random
#
# Up = string.ascii_uppercase
# Lw = string.ascii_lowercase
# Nu = string.digits
#
# D_num = random.randint(1,2)
# L_num = random.randint(1, 4-D_num - 1)
# N_num = 4 - (D_num + L_num)
# password = random.sample(Up, D_num)+random.sample(Lw, L_num)+random.sample(Nu, N_num)
# random.shuffle(password)
# print(password)


# # --------------*******--------------
# lst = []
# for i in range(48,58):
#     lst.append(chr(i))
#
# for i in range(ord("a"),ord("z")+1):
#     lst.append(chr(i))
#
# for i in range(ord("A"),ord("Z")+1):
#     lst.append(chr(i))
#
# print(lst)
# for i in range(100):
#     # print(random.sample(lst,8))
#     print()
#     for i in random.sample(lst,4):
#         print(i,end="")


# # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------#

# 2.模拟发红包. 不需要考虑权重问题. 纯随机.xxx
# 例如, 小红发了100块红包. 发给30人. 请给出每个人能收到的钱数
# money = 100
# person = 3
#
# import random
# n = random.random()
# m =random.random() * 100   #(0,1) ->(0,100)
# s = int(m * n)
# print(s)

# # --------------*******--------------
# import random
# def hongbao(money,p):
#     lst=[]
#     d_money=0
#     for i in range(1,p):
#         t=random.randint(1,(money-d_money)-(p-i))
#         lst.append(t)
#         d_money=d_money+t
#     lst.append(money-d_money)
#     return lst
#
# money=100
# p=3
# for i in range(3):
#     lst=hongbao(money,p)
#     print(lst)
# # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------#

# 3.完善昨天最后一题. 把对象通过pickle写入到文件中.

# # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------#

# 4.(升级题))请从以下网址获取json数据. 并对json进行分析. 获取到每家店的[名称]以及[特色菜], 并把获取到的店名和特色菜写入到文件中:
# https://h5.ele.me/restapi/shopping/v2/restaurants/search?offset=15&limit=15&keyword=%E7%8C%AA%E8%B9%84&latitude=39.904172&longitude=116.407417&search_item_type=3&is_rewrite=1&extras[]=activities&extras[]=coupon&terminal=h5
# 温馨提示. 首先在chrome地址栏中输入以上网址. 然后把显示的所有内容复制. 按F12 找到屏幕中的console. 粘贴进去. 回车 就能看到数据了.此题需要用到urllib.request模块中的urlopen

import json
from urllib.request import urlopen

ul = urlopen(
    "https://h5.ele.me/restapi/shopping/v2/restaurants/search?offset=0&limit=15&keyword=%E7%8C%AA%E8%B9%84&latitude=22.583743&longitude=113.968537&search_item_type=3&is_rewrite=1&extras[]=activities&extras[]=coupon&terminal=h5").read()

str = ul.decode("utf-8")

dickt = json.loads(str)

lst = dickt['inside']['0']['restaurant_with_foods']

for i in lst:

    print(i['restaurant']['name'])

    for j in i['foods']:
        print(j['name'])

# # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------#
#
# 明日默写内容.
# 使用json模块完成:
# 1.字典-> 字符串
# 2.字符串 -> 字典