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grep、awk、sed的巩固练习

作者：邓聪聪

提取日志或文本中的关键内容

  1 Apr 23 09:34:05 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>  (eno16777736): Activation: starting connection 'eno16777736' (ecefc7de-e893-4eee-88fd-bb9843616ec2)
  2 Apr 23 09:34:05 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>  (eno16777736): device state change: disconnected -> prepare (reason 'none') [30 40 0]
  3 Apr 23 09:34:05 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>  NetworkManager state is now CONNECTING
  4 Apr 23 09:34:05 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>  (eno16777736): device state change: prepare -> config (reason 'none') [40 50 0]
  5 Apr 23 09:34:05 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>  (eno16777736): device state change: config -> ip-config (reason 'none') [50 70 0]
  6 Apr 23 09:34:05 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>  Activation (eno16777736) Beginning DHCPv4 transaction (timeout in 45 seconds)
  7 Apr 23 09:34:05 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>  dhclient started with pid 11327
  8 Apr 23 09:34:05 localhost dhclient[11327]: DHCPDISCOVER on eno16777736 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 7 (xid=0x398e2136)
  9 Apr 23 09:34:06 localhost dhclient[11327]: DHCPREQUEST on eno16777736 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 (xid=0x398e2136)
 10 Apr 23 09:34:06 localhost dhclient[11327]: DHCPOFFER from 10.0.0.254
 11 Apr 23 09:34:06 localhost dhclient[11327]: DHCPACK from 10.0.0.254 (xid=0x398e2136)
 12 Apr 23 09:34:06 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    address 10.0.0.132
 13 Apr 23 09:34:06 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    plen 24 (255.255.255.0)
 14 Apr 23 09:34:06 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    gateway 10.0.0.2
 15 Apr 23 09:34:06 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    server identifier 10.0.0.254
 16 Apr 23 09:34:06 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    lease time 1800
 17 Apr 23 09:34:06 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    nameserver '10.0.0.2'
 18 Apr 23 09:34:06 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    domain name 'localdomain'
 19 Apr 23 09:34:06 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>  (eno16777736): DHCPv4 state changed unknown -> bound
 20 Apr 23 09:34:06 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>  (eno16777736): device state change: ip-config -> ip-check (reason 'none') [70 80 0]
 21 Apr 23 09:34:06 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>  (eno16777736): device state change: ip-check -> secondaries (reason 'none') [80 90 0]
 22 Apr 23 09:34:06 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>  (eno16777736): device state change: secondaries -> activated (reason 'none') [90 100 0]
 23 Apr 23 09:34:06 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>  NetworkManager state is now CONNECTED_LOCAL
 24 Apr 23 09:34:06 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>  NetworkManager state is now CONNECTED_GLOBAL
 25 Apr 23 09:34:06 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>  Policy set 'eno16777736' (eno16777736) as default for IPv4 routing and DNS.
 26 Apr 23 09:34:06 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>  (eno16777736): Activation: successful, device activated.
 27 Apr 23 09:34:06 localhost nm-dispatcher: Dispatching action 'up' for eno16777736
 28 Apr 23 09:34:06 localhost network: Bringing up interface eno16777736:  Connection successfully activated (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/1)
 29 Apr 23 09:34:06 localhost dhclient[11327]: bound to 10.0.0.132 -- renewal in 735 seconds.
 30 Apr 23 09:34:06 localhost network: [  OK  ]
 31 Apr 23 09:34:06 localhost systemd: Started LSB: Bring up/down networking.
 32 Apr 23 09:35:47 localhost dbus[1172]: avc:  received setenforce notice (enforcing=0)
 33 Apr 23 09:35:47 localhost dbus-daemon: dbus[1172]: avc:  received setenforce notice (enforcing=0)
 34 Apr 23 09:37:16 localhost systemd: Stopping firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...
 35 Apr 23 09:37:16 localhost kernel: Ebtables v2.0 unregistered
 36 Apr 23 09:37:16 localhost systemd: Stopped firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.
 37 Apr 23 09:37:56 localhost systemd: Started Session 2 of user root.
 38 Apr 23 09:37:56 localhost systemd-logind: New session 2 of user root.
 39 Apr 23 09:37:56 localhost systemd: Starting Session 2 of user root.
 40 Apr 23 09:46:21 localhost dhclient[11327]: DHCPREQUEST on eno16777736 to 10.0.0.254 port 67 (xid=0x398e2136)
 41 Apr 23 09:46:21 localhost dhclient[11327]: DHCPACK from 10.0.0.254 (xid=0x398e2136)
 42 Apr 23 09:46:21 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    address 10.0.0.132
 43 Apr 23 09:46:21 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    plen 24 (255.255.255.0)
 44 Apr 23 09:46:21 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    gateway 10.0.0.2
 45 Apr 23 09:46:21 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    server identifier 10.0.0.254
 46 Apr 23 09:46:21 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    lease time 1800
 47 Apr 23 09:46:21 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    nameserver '10.0.0.2'
 48 Apr 23 09:46:21 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    domain name 'localdomain'
 49 Apr 23 09:46:21 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>  (eno16777736): DHCPv4 state changed bound -> bound
 50 Apr 23 09:46:21 localhost dbus[1172]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher' unit='dbus-org.freedesktop.nm-dispatcher.service'
 51 Apr 23 09:46:21 localhost systemd: Starting Network Manager Script Dispatcher Service...
 52 Apr 23 09:46:21 localhost dbus-daemon: dbus[1172]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher' unit='dbus-org.freedesktop.nm-dispatcher.service'
 53 Apr 23 09:46:21 localhost dhclient[11327]: bound to 10.0.0.132 -- renewal in 823 seconds.
 54 Apr 23 09:46:21 localhost dbus[1172]: [system] Successfully activated service 'org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher'
 55 Apr 23 09:46:21 localhost dbus-daemon: dbus[1172]: [system] Successfully activated service 'org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher'
 56 Apr 23 09:46:21 localhost systemd: Started Network Manager Script Dispatcher Service.
 57 Apr 23 09:46:21 localhost nm-dispatcher: Dispatching action 'dhcp4-change' for eno16777736
 58 Apr 23 09:46:57 localhost systemd: Starting Cleanup of Temporary Directories...
 59 Apr 23 09:46:57 localhost systemd: Started Cleanup of Temporary Directories.
 60 Apr 23 10:00:04 localhost dhclient[11327]: DHCPREQUEST on eno16777736 to 10.0.0.254 port 67 (xid=0x398e2136)
 61 Apr 23 10:00:04 localhost dhclient[11327]: DHCPACK from 10.0.0.254 (xid=0x398e2136)
 62 Apr 23 10:00:04 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    address 10.0.0.132
 63 Apr 23 10:00:04 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    plen 24 (255.255.255.0)
 64 Apr 23 10:00:04 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    gateway 10.0.0.2
 65 Apr 23 10:00:04 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    server identifier 10.0.0.254
 66 Apr 23 10:00:04 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    lease time 1800
 67 Apr 23 10:00:04 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    nameserver '10.0.0.2'
 68 Apr 23 10:00:04 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    domain name 'localdomain'
 69 Apr 23 10:00:04 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>  (eno16777736): DHCPv4 state changed bound -> bound
 70 Apr 23 10:00:04 localhost dbus[1172]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher' unit='dbus-org.freedesktop.nm-dispatcher.service'
 71 Apr 23 10:00:04 localhost dbus-daemon: dbus[1172]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher' unit='dbus-org.freedesktop.nm-dispatcher.service'
 72 Apr 23 10:00:04 localhost systemd: Starting Network Manager Script Dispatcher Service...
 73 Apr 23 10:00:04 localhost dhclient[11327]: bound to 10.0.0.132 -- renewal in 707 seconds.
 74 Apr 23 10:00:04 localhost dbus[1172]: [system] Successfully activated service 'org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher'
 75 Apr 23 10:00:04 localhost dbus-daemon: dbus[1172]: [system] Successfully activated service 'org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher'
 76 Apr 23 10:00:04 localhost systemd: Started Network Manager Script Dispatcher Service.
 77 Apr 23 10:00:04 localhost nm-dispatcher: Dispatching action 'dhcp4-change' for eno16777736
 78 Apr 23 10:01:01 localhost systemd: Started Session 3 of user root.
 79 Apr 23 10:01:01 localhost systemd: Starting Session 3 of user root.
 80 Apr 23 10:11:51 localhost dhclient[11327]: DHCPREQUEST on eno16777736 to 10.0.0.254 port 67 (xid=0x398e2136)
 81 Apr 23 10:11:51 localhost dhclient[11327]: DHCPACK from 10.0.0.254 (xid=0x398e2136)
 82 Apr 23 10:11:51 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    address 10.0.0.132
 83 Apr 23 10:11:51 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    plen 24 (255.255.255.0)
 84 Apr 23 10:11:51 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    gateway 10.0.0.2
 85 Apr 23 10:11:51 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    server identifier 10.0.0.254
 86 Apr 23 10:11:51 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    lease time 1800
 87 Apr 23 10:11:51 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    nameserver '10.0.0.2'
 88 Apr 23 10:11:51 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    domain name 'localdomain'
 89 Apr 23 10:11:51 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>  (eno16777736): DHCPv4 state changed bound -> bound
 90 Apr 23 10:11:51 localhost dbus[1172]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher' unit='dbus-org.freedesktop.nm-dispatcher.service'
 91 Apr 23 10:11:51 localhost systemd: Starting Network Manager Script Dispatcher Service...
 92 Apr 23 10:11:51 localhost dbus-daemon: dbus[1172]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher' unit='dbus-org.freedesktop.nm-dispatcher.service'
 93 Apr 23 10:11:51 localhost dhclient[11327]: bound to 10.0.0.132 -- renewal in 781 seconds.
 94 Apr 23 10:11:51 localhost dbus[1172]: [system] Successfully activated service 'org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher'
 95 Apr 23 10:11:51 localhost dbus-daemon: dbus[1172]: [system] Successfully activated service 'org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher'
 96 Apr 23 10:11:51 localhost systemd: Started Network Manager Script Dispatcher Service.
 97 Apr 23 10:11:51 localhost nm-dispatcher: Dispatching action 'dhcp4-change' for eno16777736
 98 Apr 23 10:24:52 localhost dhclient[11327]: DHCPREQUEST on eno16777736 to 10.0.0.254 port 67 (xid=0x398e2136)
 99 Apr 23 10:24:52 localhost dhclient[11327]: DHCPACK from 10.0.0.254 (xid=0x398e2136)
100 Apr 23 10:24:52 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    address 10.0.0.132
101 Apr 23 10:24:52 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    plen 24 (255.255.255.0)
102 Apr 23 10:24:52 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    gateway 10.0.0.2
103 Apr 23 10:24:52 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    server identifier 10.0.0.254
104 Apr 23 10:24:52 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    lease time 1800
105 Apr 23 10:24:52 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    nameserver '10.0.0.2'
106 Apr 23 10:24:52 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    domain name 'localdomain'
107 Apr 23 10:24:52 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>  (eno16777736): DHCPv4 state changed bound -> bound
108 Apr 23 10:24:52 localhost dbus[1172]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher' unit='dbus-org.freedesktop.nm-dispatcher.service'
109 Apr 23 10:24:52 localhost systemd: Starting Network Manager Script Dispatcher Service...
110 Apr 23 10:24:52 localhost dbus-daemon: dbus[1172]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher' unit='dbus-org.freedesktop.nm-dispatcher.service'
111 Apr 23 10:24:52 localhost dhclient[11327]: bound to 10.0.0.132 -- renewal in 885 seconds.
112 Apr 23 10:24:52 localhost dbus[1172]: [system] Successfully activated service 'org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher'
113 Apr 23 10:24:52 localhost dbus-daemon: dbus[1172]: [system] Successfully activated service 'org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher'
114 Apr 23 10:24:52 localhost systemd: Started Network Manager Script Dispatcher Service.
115 Apr 23 10:24:52 localhost nm-dispatcher: Dispatching action 'dhcp4-change' for eno16777736
116 Apr 23 10:39:38 localhost dhclient[11327]: DHCPREQUEST on eno16777736 to 10.0.0.254 port 67 (xid=0x398e2136)
117 Apr 23 10:39:38 localhost dhclient[11327]: DHCPACK from 10.0.0.254 (xid=0x398e2136)
118 Apr 23 10:39:38 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    address 10.0.0.132
119 Apr 23 10:39:38 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    plen 24 (255.255.255.0)
120 Apr 23 10:39:38 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    gateway 10.0.0.2
121 Apr 23 10:39:38 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    server identifier 10.0.0.254
122 Apr 23 10:39:38 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    lease time 1800
123 Apr 23 10:39:38 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    nameserver '10.0.0.2'
124 Apr 23 10:39:38 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    domain name 'localdomain'
125 Apr 23 10:39:38 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>  (eno16777736): DHCPv4 state changed bound -> bound
126 Apr 23 10:39:38 localhost dbus[1172]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher' unit='dbus-org.freedesktop.nm-dispatcher.service'
127 Apr 23 10:39:38 localhost systemd: Starting Network Manager Script Dispatcher Service...
128 Apr 23 10:39:38 localhost dbus-daemon: dbus[1172]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher' unit='dbus-org.freedesktop.nm-dispatcher.service'
129 Apr 23 10:39:38 localhost dhclient[11327]: bound to 10.0.0.132 -- renewal in 830 seconds.
130 Apr 23 10:39:38 localhost dbus[1172]: [system] Successfully activated service 'org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher'
131 Apr 23 10:39:38 localhost dbus-daemon: dbus[1172]: [system] Successfully activated service 'org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher'
132 Apr 23 10:39:38 localhost systemd: Started Network Manager Script Dispatcher Service.
133 Apr 23 10:39:38 localhost nm-dispatcher: Dispatching action 'dhcp4-change' for eno16777736
134 Apr 23 10:53:28 localhost dhclient[11327]: DHCPREQUEST on eno16777736 to 10.0.0.254 port 67 (xid=0x398e2136)
135 Apr 23 10:53:28 localhost dhclient[11327]: DHCPACK from 10.0.0.254 (xid=0x398e2136)
136 Apr 23 10:53:28 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    address 10.0.0.132
137 Apr 23 10:53:28 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    plen 24 (255.255.255.0)
138 Apr 23 10:53:28 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    gateway 10.0.0.2
139 Apr 23 10:53:28 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    server identifier 10.0.0.254
140 Apr 23 10:53:28 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    lease time 1800
141 Apr 23 10:53:28 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    nameserver '10.0.0.2'
142 Apr 23 10:53:28 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    domain name 'localdomain'
143 Apr 23 10:53:28 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>  (eno16777736): DHCPv4 state changed bound -> bound
144 Apr 23 10:53:28 localhost dbus[1172]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher' unit='dbus-org.freedesktop.nm-dispatcher.service'
145 Apr 23 10:53:28 localhost dbus-daemon: dbus[1172]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher' unit='dbus-org.freedesktop.nm-dispatcher.service'
146 Apr 23 10:53:28 localhost systemd: Starting Network Manager Script Dispatcher Service...
147 Apr 23 10:53:28 localhost dhclient[11327]: bound to 10.0.0.132 -- renewal in 747 seconds.
148 Apr 23 10:53:28 localhost dbus[1172]: [system] Successfully activated service 'org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher'
149 Apr 23 10:53:28 localhost dbus-daemon: dbus[1172]: [system] Successfully activated service 'org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher'
150 Apr 23 10:53:28 localhost systemd: Started Network Manager Script Dispatcher Service.
151 Apr 23 10:53:28 localhost nm-dispatcher: Dispatching action 'dhcp4-change' for eno16777736
152 Apr 23 11:01:01 localhost systemd: Started Session 4 of user root.
153 Apr 23 11:01:01 localhost systemd: Starting Session 4 of user root.
154 Apr 23 11:05:55 localhost dhclient[11327]: DHCPREQUEST on eno16777736 to 10.0.0.254 port 67 (xid=0x398e2136)
155 Apr 23 11:05:55 localhost dhclient[11327]: DHCPACK from 10.0.0.254 (xid=0x398e2136)
156 Apr 23 11:05:55 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    address 10.0.0.132
157 Apr 23 11:05:55 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    plen 24 (255.255.255.0)
158 Apr 23 11:05:55 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    gateway 10.0.0.2
159 Apr 23 11:05:55 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    server identifier 10.0.0.254
160 Apr 23 11:05:55 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    lease time 1800
161 Apr 23 11:05:55 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    nameserver '10.0.0.2'
162 Apr 23 11:05:55 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>    domain name 'localdomain'
163 Apr 23 11:05:55 localhost NetworkManager[1399]: <info>  (eno16777736): DHCPv4 state changed bound -> bound
164 Apr 23 11:05:55 localhost dbus[1172]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher' unit='dbus-org.freedesktop.nm-dispatcher.service'
165 Apr 23 11:05:55 localhost systemd: Starting Network Manager Script Dispatcher Service...
166 Apr 23 11:05:55 localhost dbus-daemon: dbus[1172]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher' unit='dbus-org.freedesktop.nm-dispatcher.service'
167 Apr 23 11:05:55 localhost dhclient[11327]: bound to 10.0.0.132 -- renewal in 869 seconds.
168 Apr 23 11:05:55 localhost dbus[1172]: [system] Successfully activated service 'org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher'
169 Apr 23 11:05:55 localhost dbus-daemon: dbus[1172]: [system] Successfully activated service 'org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher'
170 Apr 23 11:05:55 localhost systemd: Started Network Manager Script Dispatcher Service.
171 Apr 23 11:05:55 localhost nm-dispatcher: Dispatching action 'dhcp4-change' for eno16777736

View Code

grep dbus 3.log |sed -r 's/^.*host (.*): .*$/1/g'|sed 's/dbus-daemon: //g'|awk '{print $1}'

过滤关键字搜索

[root@admin ~]# ss -nat
State       Recv-Q Send-Q                                                   Local Address:Port                                                     Peer Address:Port 
LISTEN      0      128                                                                 :::10050                                                              :::*     
LISTEN      0      128                                                                  *:10050                                                               *:*     
LISTEN      0      25                                                                  :::514                                                                :::*     
LISTEN      0      25                                                                   *:514                                                                 *:*     
LISTEN      0      128                                                          127.0.0.1:199                                                                 *:*     
LISTEN      0      50                                                                   *:3306                                                                *:*     
LISTEN      0      20                                                                   *:587                                                                 *:*     
LISTEN      0      20                                                                  :::587                                                                :::*     
LISTEN      0      128                                                                 :::80                                                                 :::*     
LISTEN      0      20                                                                   *:465                                                                 *:*     
LISTEN      0      20                                                                  :::465                                                                :::*     
LISTEN      0      128                                                                 :::22                                                                 :::*     
LISTEN      0      128                                                                  *:22                                                                  *:*     
LISTEN      0      20                                                                   *:25                                                                  *:*     
LISTEN      0      20                                                                  :::25                                                                 :::*     
ESTAB       0      52                                                        118.188.20.3:22                                                    221.122.103.135:62086 
TIME-WAIT   0      0                                                          172.16.16.2:10050                                                     172.16.16.9:55678 
TIME-WAIT   0      0                                                          172.16.16.2:10050                                                     172.16.16.9:55900 
TIME-WAIT   0      0                                                          172.16.16.2:10050                                                     172.16.16.9:55904 
TIME-WAIT   0      0                                                          172.16.16.2:10050                                                     172.16.16.9:55844 
TIME-WAIT   0      0                                                          172.16.16.2:10050                                                     172.16.16.9:55872 
TIME-WAIT   0      0                                                          172.16.16.2:10050                                                     172.16.16.9:55684 
TIME-WAIT   0      0                                                          172.16.16.2:10050                                                     172.16.16.9:55700

View Code

用sed取第一列：

ss -ant|sed 's/[ ].*//'

取出第一行的指定字符串，后项引用磁盘使用率

df |sed -nr '/^/dev/s/([^ ]+).*$/1/p'

df |sed -nr '/^/dev/s/.* (.*)%.*/1/p'

查看全文

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/dengcongcong/p/10763228.html