( ext{原题链接})
( ext{题目大意})
初始有一个长度为 (n) 的序列 (a),初始全 (0)。
共 (m) 次修改,每次修改 ((l,r,v)),让 (a_i = max(a_i, v), (lleq ileq r))。求出所有操作后的 (igoplus_{i = 1}^{n}{(i cdot a_i)})。
其中这 (m) 次修改的生成方式为:
给定初始的(32)位非负整数 (X,Y,Z)
调用 (3m) 次上图中的 (RNG61()),记结果为 (f_1,f_2,f_3...f_3m)。其中第 (i) 次修改的 (l_i,r_i,v_i) 为:
[egin{cases} l_i &= minleft((f_{3 i - 2} mod n) + 1, (f_{3 i - 1} mod n) + 1
ight) \ r_i &= maxleft((f_{3 i - 2} mod n) + 1, (f_{3 i - 1} mod n) + 1
ight) \ v_i &= f_{3 i} mod 2^{30}end{cases} (i = 1, 2, cdots, m)
]
共 (T) 组数据,每次给定 (n,m,X,Y,Z)。
(1 leq T leq 100),(1 leq n leq 10^5),(1 leq m leq 5 cdot 10^6),(0 leq X, Y, Z < 2^{30})
(mathcal{Solution})
其实就是区间取 (max),最后需要给出整个序列,朴素的线段树过不了,由于修改的 (l,r,v) 在一定程度上是随机的,所以考虑剪枝优化。
第一种方法:标记永久化,维护一下每个区间的永久标记,最后在线段树上跑一边 dfs 统计结果(抄自oi-wiki)。剪枝优化:如果当前区间的永久标记已经 (geq) 当前修改的值,直接返回,不继续向下修改。
第二种方法:维护区间最小值,这个就不用标记永久化了。剪枝优化:如果当前区间的最小值已经 (geq) 当前修改的值,直接返回,不继续向下修改。
(mathcal{Code})
第一种方法:
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<algorithm>
namespace do_while_true {
#define ld double
#define ll long long
#define ui unsigned int
#define re register
#define pb push_back
#define fir first
#define sec second
#define pp std::pair
#define mp std::make_pair
const ll mod = 998244353;
template <typename T>
inline T Max(T x, T y) { return x > y ? x : y; }
template <typename T>
inline T Min(T x, T y) { return x < y ? x : y; }
template <typename T>
inline T Abs(T x) { return x < 0 ? -x : x; }
template <typename T>
inline T& read(T& r) {
r = 0; bool w = 0; char ch = getchar();
while(ch < '0' || ch > '9') w = ch == '-' ? 1 : 0, ch = getchar();
while(ch >= '0' && ch <= '9') r = r * 10 + (ch ^ 48), ch = getchar();
return r = w ? -r : r;
}
template <typename T>
inline T qpow(T x, T y) {
re T sumq = 1; x %= mod;
while(y) {
if(y&1) sumq = sumq * x % mod;
x = x * x % mod;
y >>= 1;
}
return sumq;
}
char outch[110];
int outct;
template <typename T>
inline void print(T x) {
do {
outch[++outct] = x % 10 + '0';
x /= 10;
} while(x);
while(outct >= 1) putchar(outch[outct--]);
}
}
using namespace do_while_true;
const int N = 100010;
const int M = 5000100;
int n, m, a[N];
ui f[M*3];
#define ls tree[x].lson
#define rs tree[x].rson
int trnt = 1;
struct SGT {
int l, r, lson, rson, tag;
}tree[N<<1];
void build(int x, int l, int r) {
tree[x].l = l; tree[x].r = r; tree[x].tag = 0;
if(l == r) return ;
ls = ++trnt; rs = ++trnt;
build(ls, l, (l+r)>>1); build(rs, tree[ls].r+1, r);
}
void modify(int x, int l, int r, int v) {
if(tree[x].tag >= v) return ;
if(tree[x].l >= l && tree[x].r <= r) {
tree[x].tag = Max(tree[x].tag, v);
return ;
}
int mid = (tree[x].l + tree[x].r) >> 1;
if(mid >= l) modify(ls, l, r, v);
if(mid < r) modify(rs, l, r, v);
}
void query(int x, int mx) {
mx = Max(tree[x].tag, mx);
if(tree[x].l == tree[x].r) {
a[tree[x].l] = mx;
return ;
}
query(ls, mx); query(rs, mx);
}
#undef ls
#undef rs
void solve() {
read(n); read(m);
trnt = 1; build(1, 1, n);
ui x, y, z; read(x); read(y); read(z);
for(int i = 1; i <= 3 * m; ++i) { x = x ^ (x << 11),x = x ^ (x >> 4),x = x ^ (x << 5),x = x ^ (x >> 14);ui w = x ^ (y ^ z);x = y,y = z,z = w,f[i] = z;}
for(int i = 1, l, r, v; i <= m; ++i) {
l = Min(f[3*i-2] % n + 1, f[3*i-1] % n + 1);
r = Max(f[3*i-2] % n + 1, f[3*i-1] % n + 1);
v = f[3*i] % (1 << 30);
modify(1, l, r, v);
}
query(1, 0); ll ans = 0;
for(int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
ans ^= 1ll * i * a[i];
printf("%lld
", ans);
}
signed main() {
#ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE
freopen("in.txt", "r", stdin);
#endif
int T = 1;
read(T);
while(T--) solve();
fclose(stdin);
return 0;
}
第二种方法:
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<algorithm>
namespace do_while_true {
#define ld double
#define ll long long
#define ui unsigned int
#define re register
#define pb push_back
#define fir first
#define sec second
#define pp std::pair
#define mp std::make_pair
const ll mod = 998244353;
template <typename T>
inline T Max(T x, T y) { return x > y ? x : y; }
template <typename T>
inline T Min(T x, T y) { return x < y ? x : y; }
template <typename T>
inline T Abs(T x) { return x < 0 ? -x : x; }
template <typename T>
inline T& read(T& r) {
r = 0; bool w = 0; char ch = getchar();
while(ch < '0' || ch > '9') w = ch == '-' ? 1 : 0, ch = getchar();
while(ch >= '0' && ch <= '9') r = r * 10 + (ch ^ 48), ch = getchar();
return r = w ? -r : r;
}
template <typename T>
inline T qpow(T x, T y) {
re T sumq = 1; x %= mod;
while(y) {
if(y&1) sumq = sumq * x % mod;
x = x * x % mod;
y >>= 1;
}
return sumq;
}
char outch[110];
int outct;
template <typename T>
inline void print(T x) {
do {
outch[++outct] = x % 10 + '0';
x /= 10;
} while(x);
while(outct >= 1) putchar(outch[outct--]);
}
}
using namespace do_while_true;
const int N = 100010;
const int M = 5000100;
int n, m, a[N];
ui f[M*3];
#define ls tree[x].lson
#define rs tree[x].rson
int trnt = 1;
struct SGT {
int l, r, lson, rson, mn, tag;
}tree[N<<1];
inline void pushup(int x) { tree[x].mn = Min(tree[ls].mn, tree[rs].mn); }
inline void pushdown(int x) {
if(tree[x].tag) {
int p = tree[x].tag; tree[x].tag = 0;
tree[ls].tag = Max(tree[ls].tag, p); tree[rs].tag = Max(tree[rs].tag, p);
tree[ls].mn = Max(tree[ls].mn, p);
tree[rs].mn = Max(tree[rs].mn, p);
}
}
void build(int x, int l, int r) {
tree[x].l = l; tree[x].r = r; tree[x].tag = 0; tree[x].mn = 0;
if(l == r) return ;
ls = ++trnt; rs = ++trnt;
build(ls, l, (l+r)>>1); build(rs, tree[ls].r+1, r);
}
void modify(int x, int l, int r, int v) {
if(tree[x].mn >= v) return ;
if(tree[x].l >= l && tree[x].r <= r) {
tree[x].mn = Max(tree[x].mn, v);
tree[x].tag = Max(tree[x].tag, v);
return ;
}
pushdown(x);
int mid = (tree[x].l + tree[x].r) >> 1;
if(mid >= l) modify(ls, l, r, v);
if(mid < r) modify(rs, l, r, v);
pushup(x);
}
void query(int x) {
if(tree[x].l == tree[x].r) {
a[tree[x].l] = tree[x].mn;
return ;
}
pushdown(x);
query(ls); query(rs);
}
#undef ls
#undef rs
void solve() {
read(n); read(m);
trnt = 1; build(1, 1, n);
ui x, y, z; read(x); read(y); read(z);
for(int i = 1; i <= 3 * m; ++i) { x = x ^ (x << 11),x = x ^ (x >> 4),x = x ^ (x << 5),x = x ^ (x >> 14);ui w = x ^ (y ^ z);x = y,y = z,z = w,f[i] = z;}
for(int i = 1, l, r, v; i <= m; ++i) {
l = Min(f[3*i-2] % n + 1, f[3*i-1] % n + 1);
r = Max(f[3*i-2] % n + 1, f[3*i-1] % n + 1);
v = f[3*i] % (1 << 30);
modify(1, l, r, v);
}
query(1); ll ans = 0;
for(int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
ans ^= 1ll * i * a[i];
printf("%lld
", ans);
}
signed main() {
#ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE
freopen("in.txt", "r", stdin);
#endif
int T = 1;
read(T);
while(T--) solve();
fclose(stdin);
return 0;
}