类型转换
SELECT numeric '10' / numeric '3' AS col_1; -- PG语法
SELECT '10'::numeric/'3'::numeric AS col_1; -- PG语法
SELECT CURRENT_DATE::varchar(20); -- PG语法
select cast('10' as numeric) / cast ('3' as numeric) as col_1; -- 标准的SQL语法
-- cast 函数
select substring(cast('12345' as text), 3, 1);