CentOS 6.2配置MySQL服务器

安装MySQL

使用yum install命令安装MySQL：

yum install mysql-server mysql

更简单的方式，使用yum groupinstall命令：

yum groupinstall "MySQL Database server"

检查mysqld服务是否正确安装：

$ chkconfig --list mysqld
mysqld             0:off    1:off    2:off    3:off    4:off    5:off    6:off

若有必要，还可以配置mysqld服务为开机自动启动：

chkconfig mysqld on

手工启动mysqld服务：

service mysqld start

安全设置MySQL

MySQL提供了一个mysql_secure_installation程序，以交互的方式帮助我们调整安全方面的设置。

$ mysql_secure_installation
... ...
In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user.  If you've just installed MySQL, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none):    ##输入MySQL的root密码，初始为空
OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL
root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] n    ##是否需要重设root密码？
 ... skipping.

By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n]    ##是否需要删除匿名帐号？
 ... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n]    ##是否禁用root帐号在其它电脑登录?
 ... Success!

By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n]    ##是否需要删除test数据库?
 - Dropping test database...
 ... Success!
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n]    ##是否需要重新装入授权信息?
 ... Success!

Cleaning up...



All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MySQL!

  

MySQL相关目录和文件

/etc/my.cnf：MySQL服务器配置文件。

/var/lib/mysql：MySQL数据目录，可以通过my.cnf修改。

/usr/bin/mysqlamdin：MySQL服务器命令行程序。

/usr/bin/mysql：MySQL客户端命令行程序。