mysql主从搭建

mysql初始化
/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db  --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --defaults-file=/etc/my3306.cnf --datadir=/home/mysql3306/mysql3306/ --user=mysql

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my3306.cnf --user=mysql &

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock

主库,从库打开binlog（修改binlog需要重新启动数据库）

mysql> show variables like '%binlog%';
+-----------------------------------------+----------------------+
| Variable_name                           | Value                |
+-----------------------------------------+----------------------+
| binlog_cache_size                       | 4194304              |
| binlog_checksum                         | CRC32                |
| binlog_direct_non_transactional_updates | OFF                  |
| binlog_error_action                     | IGNORE_ERROR         |
| binlog_format                           | ROW                  |
| binlog_gtid_simple_recovery             | OFF                  |
| binlog_max_flush_queue_time             | 0                    |
| binlog_order_commits                    | ON                   |
| binlog_row_image                        | FULL                 |
| binlog_rows_query_log_events            | OFF                  |
| binlog_stmt_cache_size                  | 32768                |
| binlogging_impossible_mode              | IGNORE_ERROR         |
| innodb_api_enable_binlog                | OFF                  |
| innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog          | OFF                  |
| max_binlog_cache_size                   | 8388608              |
| max_binlog_size                         | 1073741824           |
| max_binlog_stmt_cache_size              | 18446744073709547520 |
| simplified_binlog_gtid_recovery         | OFF                  |
| sync_binlog                             | 1                    |
+-----------------------------------------+----------------------+
19 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

主库：
mysql> show databases;清除多余的数据库
drop database ----

mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 |     1196 |              |                  |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> reset master;（有数据的话，就不要做这操作，紧急）

mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;

+------+-----------+----------+
| user | host      | password |
+------+-----------+----------+
| root | localhost |          |
| root | oggs      |          |
| root | 127.0.0.1 |          |
| root | ::1       |          |
|      | localhost |          |
|      | oggs      |          |
+------+-----------+----------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> delete from mysql.user where user='';
mysql> delete from mysql.user where host='::1';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> delete from mysql.user where host='oggs';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+------+-----------+----------+
| user | host      | password |
+------+-----------+----------+
| root | localhost |          |
| root | 127.0.0.1 |          |
+------+-----------+----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

在主服务器上建立帐户并授权slave:

mysql> grant REPLICATION CLIENT,REPLICATION SLAVE on *.* to rep@'192.168.100.200' identified by 'rep’;（从端ip）

mysql> flush privileges;

查看主服务器状态
查看主库的状态，查看主库的binlog的?文件名字，以及?目前binlog的pos，从库需要读取binlog并且进?行行同步

mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 120 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
执?行行完此步骤后不要再操作主服务器MYSQL，防?止主服务器状态值变化

 

从库：

mysql> show master status;
mysql> reset master;

从库设置需要同步的主库
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.100.100',master_user='rep',master_password='rep', master_log_file='mysql-bin.000007',master_log_pos=120,MASTER_PORT=3306;

开启复制,关闭使用stop slave
start slave;

主库关闭读锁
unlock table;

检查从服务器复制功能状态：
mysql> show slave statusG
*************************** 1
-----
Slave_IO_Running: Yes-----------------此状态必须YES
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes-----------------此状态必须YES

-----

双主搭建：
主键冲突

步长要不一致，防止binlog冲突
主：1
另一主：2

------------------------
gtid

在mysql中查看server_uuid，mysql在启动过程中，读取auto.cnf的server__uuid

在从库开启GTID，开始从主库复制数据
change master to
master_host='192.168.60.22',master_port=3306,master_user='rep',master_password='123456',master_auto_p
osition=1;

-----------------------
配置半同步复制需要先配置异步复制
加载插件
主库和从库都需要安装插件
主库
INSTALL PLUGIN rpl_semi_sync_master SONAME 'semisync_master.so';
从库
INSTALL PLUGIN rpl_semi_sync_slave SONAME 'semisync_slave.so';
查看插件是否加载成功
show plugins;
rpl_semi_sync_master | ACTIVE | REPLICATION | semisync_master.so | GPL
启动半同步复制
在安装完插件后，半同步复制默认是关闭的，这时需设置参数来开启半同步
主库
SET GLOBAL rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = 1;
从库
SET GLOBAL rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = 1;
以上的启动?式是在命令?操作，也可写在配置?件中。
在有的?可?架构下，master和slave需同时启动，以便在切换后能继续使?半同步复制
plugin-load = "rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so"
rpl-semi-sync-master-enabled = 1
rpl-semi-sync-slave-enabled = 1
重启从库的IO线程
STOP SLAVE IO_THREAD;
START SLAVE IO_THREAD;
如果没有重启，则默认还是异步复制，重启后，slave会在master上注册为半同步复制的slave??。
这时候，主的error.log中会打印如下信息：
2017-04-19 11:09:26 28300 [Note] Semi-sync replication switched ON with slave (server_id: 28703307)
at (mysql-bin.000002, 510)
2017-04-19 11:09:26 28300 [Note] Start semi-sync binlog_dump to slave (server_id: 28703307),
pos(mysql-bin.000002, 510)
2017-04-19 11:09:26 28300 [Note] Stop asynchronous binlog_dump to slave (server_id: 28703307)
查看半同步是否在运?
主库
mysql> show status like 'Rpl_semi_sync_master_status';
+-----------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+-----------------------------+-------+
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_status | ON |
+-----------------------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
从库
mysql> show status like 'Rpl_semi_sync_slave_status';
+----------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------------+-------+
| Rpl_semi_sync_slave_status | ON |
+----------------------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.20 sec)
这两个变量常?来监控主从是否运?在半同步复制模式下。
mysql> show status like '%semi%';
+--------------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------------------------+-------+
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_clients | 1 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_avg_wait_time | 782 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_wait_time | 3130 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_waits | 4 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_no_times | 1 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_no_tx | 6 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_status | ON |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_timefunc_failures | 0 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_avg_wait_time | 717 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_wait_time | 2871 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_waits | 4 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_pos_backtraverse | 0 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_sessions | 0 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_yes_tx | 4 |
+--------------------------------------------+———+
Rpl_semi_sync_master_status：指示主服务器使?的是异步复制模式，还是半同步复制模式。
Rpl_semi_sync_master_clients：显示有多少个从服务器配置成了半同步复制模式。
Rpl_semi_sync_master_yes_tx：显示从服务器确认的成功提交数量。
Rpl_semi_sync_master_no_tx：显示从服务器确认的不成功提交数量。