PROD异机全备份恢复验证实施文档
******利用10月25日的全量备份、10月26日当天的归档日志及当前redo日志，恢复数据库到故障前数据库状态******
准备工作：
source 源库:
PROD数据库备份策略：每天全量备份
0 0 * * 0 /data/rmanfull.sh > /data/logs/rmanfull.log 2>&1
target 异地机器prod：
备份目录：/backup/PROD/rman_full20181025
备份文件如下
[oracle@prod ~]$ ll /backup/PROD/rman_full20181025
total 6221124
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 574902784 Oct 25 01:08 arc_20181025_lntggqia_1_1.arg
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 619688960 Oct 25 01:08 arc_20181025_lotggqia_1_1.arg
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 3584 Oct 25 01:08 arc_20181025_lptggqkb_1_1.arg
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 16547840 Oct 25 01:07 c-1016818008-20181025-00.ctl
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 16547840 Oct 25 01:08 c-1016818008-20181025-01.ctl
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 3151675392 Oct 25 01:07 fulllktggq4k_6836_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1991057408 Oct 25 01:04 fulllltggq4k_6837_1
拷贝10月26日当天未备份的归档日志，到prod
[oracle@prod ~]$ ll /backup/prod/arch/
total 8651740
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 886358016 Oct 25 17:23 1_11540_918555866.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 882925568 Oct 25 17:23 1_11541_918555866.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 887519232 Oct 25 17:24 1_11542_918555866.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 854680064 Oct 25 17:24 1_11543_918555866.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 4065792 Oct 25 17:24 1_11544_918555866.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1536 Oct 25 17:24 1_11545_918555866.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 889512448 Oct 25 17:24 1_11546_918555866.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 870745088 Oct 26 10:40 1_11547_918555866.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 2560 Oct 26 10:40 1_11548_918555866.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 888808448 Oct 26 10:40 1_11549_918555866.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 861337088 Oct 26 10:40 1_11550_918555866.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1181696 Oct 26 10:40 1_11551_918555866.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1024 Oct 26 10:40 1_11552_918555866.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 883601920 Oct 26 10:40 1_11553_918555866.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 910689280 Oct 26 10:41 1_11554_918555866.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 37829120 Oct 26 10:58 1_11555_918555866.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 30208 Oct 26 10:58 1_11556_918555866.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 49664 Oct 26 10:59 1_11557_918555866.dbf
源库的当前日志；
SYS@dhdb> select * from v$log;
GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME CON_ID
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- ------------------ ------------ ------------------ ----------
1 1 11556 1073741824 512 2 YES INACTIVE 5121113916 26-OCT-18 5121113978 26-OCT-18 0
2 1 11557 1073741824 512 2 YES INACTIVE 5121113978 26-OCT-18 5121114646 26-OCT-18 0
3 1 11558 1073741824 512 2 NO CURRENT 5121114646 26-OCT-18 2.8147E+14 0
拷贝10月26日 当前redo日志sequence 11558至异机恢复机器的目录/backup/prod/currentredolog/
安装与源库同版本的数据库软件,编辑环境变量$ORACLE_BASE $ORACLE_HOME等
实施流程：
1：在10月25日全量备份恢复初始化参数文件spfile
SQL> startup nomount force
RMAN>restore spfile from '/backup/PROD/rman_full20181025/c-1016818008-20181025-00.ctl'
SQL> shutdown immediate
SQL> startup nomount
SQL> create pfile from spfile
SQL> shutdown immediate
编辑pfile文件，补充源库的文件目录，调整SGA、PGA等内存设置等,用编辑好的pfile文件起库
SQL>startup nomount from '/data/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/dbs/initPROD.ora'
SQL>create spfile from pfile;
用spfile 起库
SQL>startup nomount force
2：恢复控制文件
RMAN>restore controlfile from '/backup/PROD/rman_full20181025/c-1016818008-20181025-00.ctl';
RMAN>alter database mount;
3：转储恢复数据库
RMAN>restore database;
RMAN>recover database;恢复数据库，应用归档日志
Starting recover at 26-OCT-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
starting media recovery
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=11544
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /backup/prod/rman_full20181025/arc_20181025_lotggqia_1_1.arg
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/backup/prod/rman_full20181025/arc_20181025_lotggqia_1_1.arg tag=TAG20181025T010722
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
archived log file name=/data/app/oracle/arch/1_11544_918555866.dbf thread=1 sequence=11544
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=11545
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /backup/prod/rman_full20181025/arc_20181025_lptggqkb_1_1.arg
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/backup/prod/rman_full20181025/arc_20181025_lptggqkb_1_1.arg tag=TAG20181025T010722
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
archived log file name=/data/app/oracle/arch/1_11545_918555866.dbf thread=1 sequence=11545
unable to find archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=11546
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 10/26/2018 12:50:28
RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown archived log for thread 1 with sequence 11546 and starting SCN of 5115041454
#提示恢复需要归档日志sequence 11546
RMAN>list backup of archivelog all;
#备份中的归档日志，截止到sequence 11545
RMAN> exit
注册归档日志目录
RMAN> catalog start with '/backup/prod/arch/';
RMAN> recover database; 利用26日当天的归档日志恢复数据库
Starting recover at 26-OCT-18
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=1393 device type=DISK
starting media recovery
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 11546 is already on disk as file /backup/prod/arch/1_11546_918555866.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 11547 is already on disk as file /backup/prod/arch/1_11547_918555866.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 11548 is already on disk as file /backup/prod/arch/1_11548_918555866.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 11549 is already on disk as file /backup/prod/arch/1_11549_918555866.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 11550 is already on disk as file /backup/prod/arch/1_11550_918555866.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 11551 is already on disk as file /backup/prod/arch/1_11551_918555866.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 11552 is already on disk as file /backup/prod/arch/1_11552_918555866.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 11553 is already on disk as file /backup/prod/arch/1_11553_918555866.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 11554 is already on disk as file /backup/prod/arch/1_11554_918555866.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 11555 is already on disk as file /backup/prod/arch/1_11555_918555866.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 11556 is already on disk as file /backup/prod/arch/1_11556_918555866.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 11557 is already on disk as file /backup/prod/arch/1_11557_918555866.dbf
archived log file name=/backup/prod/arch/1_11546_918555866.dbf thread=1 sequence=11546
archived log file name=/backup/prod/arch/1_11547_918555866.dbf thread=1 sequence=11547
archived log file name=/backup/prod/arch/1_11548_918555866.dbf thread=1 sequence=11548
archived log file name=/backup/prod/arch/1_11549_918555866.dbf thread=1 sequence=11549
archived log file name=/backup/prod/arch/1_11550_918555866.dbf thread=1 sequence=11550
archived log file name=/backup/prod/arch/1_11551_918555866.dbf thread=1 sequence=11551
archived log file name=/backup/prod/arch/1_11552_918555866.dbf thread=1 sequence=11552
archived log file name=/backup/prod/arch/1_11553_918555866.dbf thread=1 sequence=11553
archived log file name=/backup/prod/arch/1_11554_918555866.dbf thread=1 sequence=11554
archived log file name=/backup/prod/arch/1_11555_918555866.dbf thread=1 sequence=11555
archived log file name=/backup/prod/arch/1_11556_918555866.dbf thread=1 sequence=11556
archived log file name=/backup/prod/arch/1_11557_918555866.dbf thread=1 sequence=11557
unable to find archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=11558
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 10/26/2018 12:54:11
RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown archived log for thread 1 with sequence 11558 and starting SCN of 5121114646
#提示恢复需要归档日志sequence 11558，而11558为源库此时的当前日志
#拷贝源库的当前sequence 11558至备份恢复机的目录/backup/prod/currentredolog/ ，利用当前日志组，恢复数据库
[oracle@standby05 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Fri Oct 26 12:57:41 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options
SQL> recover database using backup controlfile until cancel;
ORA-00279: change 5121114646 generated at 10/26/2018 10:57:08 needed for thread
1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /data/app/oracle/arch/1_11558_918555866.dbf
ORA-00280: change 5121114646 for thread 1 is in sequence #11558
Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
/backup/prod/currentredolog/redo03.log #从源库拷贝current redolog，到target库的/backup/prod/currentredolog/
Log applied.
Media recovery complete.