配置mongodb数据库 以及 数据库管理mongo-express UI 在Windows上wsl2 Docker

配置mongodb数据库 以及 数据库web管理mongo-express UI 在Windows上wsl2 Docker

---

确保你配置好了Docker -> windows上wsl2引擎安装Docker教程https://www.cnblogs.com/eternalnight/p/15173158.html

// 拉取mongodb镜像
docker pull mongo
docker network create --subnet=172.16.0.0/16 docker-network
// 运行容器 映射27017端口也是mongodb默认端口, --rm 是只运行一次结束时会自动清除。如果想持久就改成 -it即可 --auth 验证账号密码
docker run -d -p 27017:27017 --network docker-network --ip 172.16.0.102 --name mongo_master -e "MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME=pudge" -e "MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD=9527" mongo
// 再开一个窗口进入mongodb配置账号, 以管理权限进入.
docker exec -it mongo_master mongo admin
// 用管理权限进入
docker exec -it mongo_master mongo --host 127.0.0.1 --port 27017 -u "pudge" -p "9527" --authenticationDatabase "admin"
// 一定要用use 否则就会默认在test创建用户
use admin;
db.createUser({ user: 'pudge', pwd: '9527', roles: [ { role: "root", db: "admin" } ] });
// 验证账号 1 代码正常
db.auth("pudge", "9527");
exit;
docker exec -it mongo_master mongo --host 127.0.0.1 --port 27017 -u "pudge" -p "9527" --authenticationDatabase "admin"

// 创建db库用户和权限，先得use这个库会自动创建
use PudgeDB;
// 创建只有读写权限的账号和分配app数据库
db.createUser({ user: 'pudge', pwd: '9527', roles: [ { role: "readWrite", db: "PudgeDB" } ] });
db.auth("pudge", "9527");
exit

图形工具管理, 这里推荐的两种UI的搭建方式。  docker 或node.js

// 接着用docker操作一遍吧
docker pull mongo-express
// 成功了之前原因是docker容器无法识别localhost或127.0.0.1必须有域名或者 host.docker.internal
docker run -it --name mongo_ui --network docker-network --ip 172.16.0.103 -p 8081:8081 -e ME_CONFIG_BASICAUTH_USERNAME="pudge" -e ME_CONFIG_BASICAUTH_PASSWORD="9527" -e ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_URL="mongodb://pudge:9527@host.docker.internal:27017/admin?ssl=false" -e ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_AUTH_DATABASE="admin" -e ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_AUTH_USERNAME="pudge"  -e ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_AUTH_PASSWORD="9527" mongo-express

// node.js版本在16.7.0 建议用 nvm管理node.js版本
npm install -g mongo-express
// 前往node.js
cd F:
vmv16.7.0
ode_modulesmongo-express
copy config.default.js config.js

把config.js的内容配置如下， 由于官方的要求是全局变量配置， 但我这觉得太麻烦， 就直接改了能用就行。

'use strict';

let mongo = {
  // Setting the connection string will only give access to that database
  // to see more databases you need to set mongodb.admin to true or add databases to the mongodb.auth list
  // It is RECOMMENDED to use connectionString instead of individual params, other options will be removed later.
  // More info here: https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/connection-string/
  connectionString: process.env.ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_SERVER ? '' : process.env.ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_URL,
  host: '127.0.0.1',
  port: '27017',
  dbName: 'PudgeDB',
};


// Accessing Bluemix variable to get MongoDB info
if (process.env.VCAP_SERVICES) {
  const dbLabel = 'mongodb-2.4';
  const env = JSON.parse(process.env.VCAP_SERVICES);
  if (env[dbLabel]) {
    mongo = env[dbLabel][0].credentials;
  }
}


const basicAuthUsername = 'ME_CONFIG_BASICAUTH_USERNAME';
const basicAuthPassword = 'ME_CONFIG_BASICAUTH_PASSWORD';
const adminUsername = 'ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_ADMINUSERNAME';
const adminPassword = 'ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_ADMINPASSWORD';
const dbAuthUsername = 'ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_AUTH_USERNAME';
const dbAuthPassword = 'ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_AUTH_PASSWORD';


function getFile(filePath) {
  if (typeof filePath !== 'undefined' && filePath) {
    const fs = require('fs');


    try {
      if (fs.existsSync(filePath)) {
        return fs.readFileSync(filePath);
      }
    } catch (err) {
      console.error('Failed to read file', filePath, err);
    }
  }
  return null;
}


function getFileEnv(envVariable) {
  const origVar = process.env[envVariable];
  const fileVar = process.env[envVariable + '_FILE'];
  if (fileVar) {
    const file = getFile(fileVar);
    if (file) {
      return file.toString().split(/
?
/)[0].trim();
    }
  }
  return origVar;
}


function getBinaryFileEnv(envVariable) {
  const fileVar = process.env[envVariable];
  return getFile(fileVar);
}


const meConfigMongodbServer = process.env.ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_SERVER
  ? process.env.ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_SERVER.split(',')
  : false;


const INFOS = {
  username: "pudge",
  password: "9527",
  server: "localhost",
  port: "27017",
  dbName: "PudgeDB",
}
function getConnectionStringFromEnvVariables() {
  const infos = {
    // server: mongodb hostname or IP address
    // for replica set, use array of string instead
    server: (
      meConfigMongodbServer.length > 1 ? meConfigMongodbServer : meConfigMongodbServer[0]
    ) || mongo.host,
    port: process.env.ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_PORT || mongo.port,
    dbName: process.env.ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_AUTH_DATABASE || mongo.dbName,


    // >>>> If you are using an admin mongodb account, or no admin account exists, fill out section below
    // >>>> Using an admin account allows you to view and edit all databases, and view stats
    // leave username and password empty if no admin account exists
    username: getFileEnv(adminUsername) || getFileEnv(dbAuthUsername) || mongo.username,
    password: getFileEnv(adminPassword) || getFileEnv(dbAuthPassword) || mongo.password,
  };
  const login = INFOS.username ? `${INFOS.username}:${INFOS.password}@` : '';
  return `mongodb://${login}${INFOS.server}:${INFOS.port}/${INFOS.dbName}`;
}


const sslCA = 'ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_CA_FILE';
const sslCAFromEnv = getBinaryFileEnv(sslCA);


module.exports = {
  mongodb: {
    // if a connection string options such as server/port/etc are ignored
    connectionString: mongo.connectionString || getConnectionStringFromEnvVariables(),


    connectionOptions: {
      // ssl: connect to the server using secure SSL
      ssl: process.env.ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_SSL || mongo.ssl,


      // sslValidate: validate mongod server certificate against CA
      sslValidate: process.env.ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_SSLVALIDATE || true,


      // sslCA: array of valid CA certificates
      sslCA: sslCAFromEnv ? [sslCAFromEnv] : [],


      // autoReconnect: automatically reconnect if connection is lost
      autoReconnect: true,


      // poolSize: size of connection pool (number of connections to use)
      poolSize: 4,
    },


    // set admin to true if you want to turn on admin features
    // if admin is true, the auth list below will be ignored
    // if admin is true, you will need to enter an admin username/password below (if it is needed)
    admin: process.env.ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_ENABLE_ADMIN
      ? process.env.ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_ENABLE_ADMIN.toLowerCase() === 'true'
      : false,


    // whitelist: hide all databases except the ones in this list  (empty list for no whitelist)
    whitelist: [],


    // blacklist: hide databases listed in the blacklist (empty list for no blacklist)
    blacklist: [],
  },


  site: {
    // baseUrl: the URL that mongo express will be located at - Remember to add the forward slash at the start and end!
    baseUrl: process.env.ME_CONFIG_SITE_BASEURL || '/',
    cookieKeyName: 'mongo-express',
    cookieSecret: process.env.ME_CONFIG_SITE_COOKIESECRET || 'cookiesecret',
    host: process.env.VCAP_APP_HOST || 'localhost',
    port: process.env.VCAP_APP_PORT || 8081,
    requestSizeLimit: process.env.ME_CONFIG_REQUEST_SIZE || '50mb',
    sessionSecret: process.env.ME_CONFIG_SITE_SESSIONSECRET || 'sessionsecret',
    sslCert: process.env.ME_CONFIG_SITE_SSL_CRT_PATH || '',
    sslEnabled: process.env.ME_CONFIG_SITE_SSL_ENABLED || false,
    sslKey: process.env.ME_CONFIG_SITE_SSL_KEY_PATH || '',
  },


  // set useBasicAuth to true if you want to authenticate mongo-express logins
  // if admin is false, the basicAuthInfo list below will be ignored
  // this will be true unless ME_CONFIG_BASICAUTH_USERNAME is set and is the empty string
  useBasicAuth: getFileEnv(basicAuthUsername) !== '',


  basicAuth: {
    username: getFileEnv(basicAuthUsername) || 'pudge',
    password: getFileEnv(basicAuthPassword) || '9527',
  },


  options: {
    // Display startup text on console
    console: true,


    // documentsPerPage: how many documents you want to see at once in collection view
    documentsPerPage: 10,


    // editorTheme: Name of the theme you want to use for displaying documents
    // See http://codemirror.net/demo/theme.html for all examples
    editorTheme: process.env.ME_CONFIG_OPTIONS_EDITORTHEME || 'rubyblue',


    // Maximum size of a single property & single row
    // Reduces the risk of sending a huge amount of data when viewing collections
    maxPropSize: (100 * 1000), // default 100KB
    maxRowSize: (1000 * 1000), // default 1MB


    // The options below aren't being used yet


    // cmdType: the type of command line you want mongo express to run
    // values: eval, subprocess
    //   eval - uses db.eval. commands block, so only use this if you have to
    //   subprocess - spawns a mongo command line as a subprocess and pipes output to mongo express
    cmdType: 'eval',


    // subprocessTimeout: number of seconds of non-interaction before a subprocess is shut down
    subprocessTimeout: 300,


    // readOnly: if readOnly is true, components of writing are not visible.
    readOnly: process.env.ME_CONFIG_OPTIONS_READONLY
      ? process.env.ME_CONFIG_OPTIONS_READONLY.toLowerCase() === 'true'
      : false,


    // collapsibleJSON: if set to true, jsons will be displayed collapsible
    collapsibleJSON: true,


    // collapsibleJSONDefaultUnfold: if collapsibleJSON is set to `true`, this defines default level
    //  to which JSONs are displayed unfolded; use number or "all" to unfold all levels
    collapsibleJSONDefaultUnfold: 1,


    // gridFSEnabled: if gridFSEnabled is set to 'true', you will be able to manage uploaded files
    // ( ak. grids, gridFS )
    gridFSEnabled: process.env.ME_CONFIG_SITE_GRIDFS_ENABLED
      ? process.env.ME_CONFIG_SITE_GRIDFS_ENABLED.toLowerCase() === 'true'
      : false,


    // logger: this object will be used to initialize router logger (morgan)
    logger: {},


    // confirmDelete: if confirmDelete is set to 'true', a modal for confirming deletion is
    // displayed before deleting a document/collection
    confirmDelete: false,


    // noExport: if noExport is set to true, we won't show export buttons
    noExport: false,


    // noDelete: if noDelete is set to true, we won't show delete buttons
    noDelete: process.env.ME_CONFIG_OPTIONS_NO_DELETE || false,
  },


  // Specify the default keyname that should be picked from a document to display in collections list.
  // Keynames can be specified for every database and collection.
  // If no keyname is specified, it defaults to '_id', which is a mandatory field.
  // For Example :
  // defaultKeyNames{
  //   "world_db":{  //Database Name
  //     "continent":"cont_name", // collection:field
  //     "country":"country_name",
  //     "city":"name"
  //   }
  // }
  defaultKeyNames: {
  },
};

这个步骤只有用node.js才需要

//  这种需要设置了全局才能用 -g
mongo-express
// 如果不想全局就在app目录运行
node app.js
//访问http://pudge:9527@localhost:8081

命令行操作

内建的角色
数据库用户角色：read、readWrite;
数据库管理角色：dbAdmin、dbOwner、userAdmin；
集群管理角色：clusterAdmin、clusterManager、clusterMonitor、hostManager；
备份恢复角色：backup、restore；
所有数据库角色：readAnyDatabase、readWriteAnyDatabase、userAdminAnyDatabase、dbAdminAnyDatabase
超级用户角色：root // 这里还有几个角色间接或直接提供了系统超级用户的访问（dbOwner 、userAdmin、userAdminAnyDatabase）
内部角色：__system
角色说明：
Read：允许用户读取指定数据库
readWrite：允许用户读写指定数据库
dbAdmin：允许用户在指定数据库中执行管理函数，如索引创建、删除，查看统计或访问system.profile
userAdmin：允许用户向system.users集合写入，可以找指定数据库里创建、删除和管理用户
clusterAdmin：只在admin数据库中可用，赋予用户所有分片和复制集相关函数的管理权限。
readAnyDatabase：只在admin数据库中可用，赋予用户所有数据库的读权限
readWriteAnyDatabase：只在admin数据库中可用，赋予用户所有数据库的读写权限
userAdminAnyDatabase：只在admin数据库中可用，赋予用户所有数据库的userAdmin权限
dbAdminAnyDatabase：只在admin数据库中可用，赋予用户所有数据库的dbAdmin权限。
root：只在admin数据库中可用。超级账号，超级权限

db操作

> db.dropDatabase()  #删除当前使用数据库> 
db.cloneDatabase("127.0.0.1")   #将指定机器上的数据库的数据克隆到当前数据库> 
db.copyDatabase("mydb", "temp", "127.0.0.1")  #将本机的mydb的数据复制到temp数据库中> 
db.repairDatabase()  #修复当前数据库> db.getName()  #查看当前使用的数据库，也可以直接用db> 
db.stats()  #显示当前db状态> 
db.version()  #当前db版本> 
db.getMongo()  ＃查看当前db的链接机器地址> 
db.serverStatus()  #查看数据库服务器的状态

基础操作

// 查看当前数据库状态
db.stats();db;

// 命令查询所有数据库列表;
show dbs;
// 切换数据库
use app;

// 查看数据库表
db.sirius.stats();

// 帮助 可以按Tab枚举， 也可以输入以下命令
db.help();

// 显示表
show collections;

// 删除当前库
db.dropDatabase();

// 删除账号
db.dropUser("pudge_rw");

// 删除所有账号
db.dropAllUser();

// 删除指定的集合(当前为user集合)
db.user.drop();

// user表中插入数据
db.user.insert({"name":"pudge"});

(1). 查询所有记录

db.user.find();

类似 SELECT* FROM user;

(2). 查询当前集合中的某列去重后的数据

db.user.distinct("name");

以上会过滤掉 name 中的相同数据

类似 SELECT  DISTINCT name  FROM user;

(3). 查询 age = 22 的记录

db.user.find({"age": 22});

类似  SELECT* FROM user;

(4). 查询 age > 22 的记录

db.user.find({age: {$gt: 22}});

类似 SELECT* FROM user WHERE age >22;

(5). 查询 age < 22 的记录

db.user.find({age: {$lt: 22}});

类似 SELECT* FROM user WHERE age <22;

(6). 查询 age >= 25 的记录

db.user.find({age: {$gte: 25}});

类似 SELECT* FROM user WHERE age >= 25;

(7). 查询 age <= 25 的记录

db.user.find({age: {$lte: 25}});

类似 SELECT* FROM user WHERE age <= 25;

(8). 查询 age >= 23 并且 age <= 26

db.user.find({age: {$gte: 23, $lte: 26}});

类似 SELECT* FROM user WHERE age >= 25 AND age<=26;

(9). 查询 name 中包含 mongo 的数据，多用于模糊查询搜索

db.user.find({name: /mongo/});

类似 SELECT* FROM user WHERE name LIKE '%mongo%';

(10). 查询 name 中以 mongo 开头的数据

db.user.find({name: /^mongo/});

类似 SELECT* FROM user WHERE name LIKE 'mongo%';

(11). 查询指定列 name、age 数据

db.user.find({}, {name: 1, age: 1});

类似 SELECT name, age FROM user;

name 也可以用 true 或 false，ture 的情况下与name:1 效果一样，如果用 false 就 是排除 name，显示其它列的信息。

(12). 查询指定列 name、age 数据， 并且age > 25

db.user.find({age: {$gt: 25}}, {name: 1, age: 1});

类似 SELECT name, age FROM user WHERE age >25;

(13). 按照列排序 1 升序 -1 降序

升序：db.user.find().sort({age: 1});
降序：db.user.find().sort({age: -1});
(14). 查询 name = zhangsan, age = 22 的数据
db.user.find({name: 'zhangsan', age: 22});
类似 SELECT * FROM user WHERE name = 'zhangsan' AND age = '22';
(15). 查询前 5 条数据

db.user.find().limit(5);

类似 SELECT TOP 5 * FROM user;

(16). 查询 10 条以后的数据

db.user.find().skip(10);

类似SELECT * FROM user WHERE id NOT IN ( SELECT TOP 10 * FROM user );

(17). 查询在 5-10 之间的数据

db.user.find().limit(10).skip(5);

可用于分页，limit 是页大小，skip 是第几页乘以页大小的值

类似SELECT * FROM user LIMIT 5,5

(18). OR 查询

db.user.find({$or: [{age: 22}, {age: 25}]});

类似SELECT * FROM user WHERE age = 22 OR age = 25;

(19). findOne 查询第一条数据

db.user.findOne();

类似 SELECT TOP 1 * FROM user;

类似 db.user.find().limit(1);

(20). 查询某个结果集的记录条数，用于统计数量

db.user.find({age: {$gte: 25}}).count();

类似 SELECT COUNT(*) FROM user WHERE age >= 25;

如果要返回限制之后的记录数量，要使用 count(true)或者 count(非 0)

db.user.find().skip(10).limit(5).count(true);

5. MongoDB数据库更新数据

(1). 查找名字为小明的，把年龄更改为 16 岁

db.user.update({"name":"小明"},{$set:{"age":16}});

(2). 查找英语成绩为 70的人，把年龄更改为 33 岁

db.user.update({"score.english":70},{$set:{"age":33}});

(3). 查找所有性别为男的用户把年龄都改为 33 岁

db.user.update({"sex":"男"},{$set:{"age":33}},{multi: true});

(4). 查找name为小明的用户的信息进行完整替换,注意没有$set了

db.user.update({"name":"小明"},{"name":"大明","age":16});

(5). 查找name为Lisi的用户,将其年龄增加50岁

db.user.update({name: 'Lisi'}, {$inc: {age: 50}}, false, true);

类似UPDATE user SET age = age + 50 WHERE name = 'Lisi';

(6). 查找name为Lisi的用户,将其年龄增加50岁,姓名改为Wangwu

db.user.update({name: 'Lisi'}, {$inc: {age: 50}, $set: {name: 'Wangwu'}}, false, true);

类似update users set age = age + 50, name = 'Wangwu' where name = 'Lisi';

6. MongoDB数据库删除数据

(1). 删除年龄为32的所有用户

db.user.remove({age: 32});

(2). 删除年龄为32的一个用户

db.user.remove( { "age": "32" }, { justOne: true } )

 1379号监听员 Pudge