Spring框架基础（中）

• Spring对不同持久化技术进行支持
  • JDBC
    • 导入spring-jdbc-4.3.5.RELEASE.jar、spring-tx-4.3.5.RELEASE.jar
    • 创建对象，设置数据库信息
    • 创建jdbcTemplate对象，设置数据源
    • 调用jdbcTemplate对象里面对方法实现操作

      public class TestDao {
      
            /**
            * 添加指定数据表的数据
            */
          public void insertUser() {
      
              try {
                  //导入配置文件
                  InputStream inputStream = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("db.properties");
                  Properties properties = new Properties();
                  properties.load(inputStream);
                  //获取参数
                  String driver = properties.getProperty("jdbc.driver");
                  String url = properties.getProperty("jdbc.url");
                  String username = properties.getProperty("jdbc.username");
                  String password = properties.getProperty("jdbc.password");
                  //
                  DriverManagerDataSource driverManagerDataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource();
                  driverManagerDataSource.setJdbcUrl(driver);
                  driverManagerDataSource.setJdbcUrl(url);
                  driverManagerDataSource.setUser(username);
                  driverManagerDataSource.setPassword(password);
                  //数据库语句
                  String sql = "insert into user (username,password,email,root,register_time) values (?,?,?,?,?) ";
                  //
                  JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(driverManagerDataSource);
                  int rows = jdbcTemplate.update(sql,"rabbit","rabbit","rabbit@qq.com",1,"2019-3-2");
      
                  System.out.println("rows="+rows);
              } catch (IOException e) {
                  e.printStackTrace();
              }
      
          }
      
            /**
            * 更新指定数据表的数据
            */
         public void updateUser() {
      
              try {
                  //导入配置文件
                  InputStream inputStream = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("db.properties");
                  Properties properties = new Properties();
                  properties.load(inputStream);
                  //获取参数
                  String driver = properties.getProperty("jdbc.driver");
                  String url = properties.getProperty("jdbc.url");
                  String username = properties.getProperty("jdbc.username");
                  String password = properties.getProperty("jdbc.password");
                  //
                  DriverManagerDataSource driverManagerDataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource();
                  driverManagerDataSource.setJdbcUrl(driver);
                  driverManagerDataSource.setJdbcUrl(url);
                  driverManagerDataSource.setUser(username);
                  driverManagerDataSource.setPassword(password);
                  //数据库语句
               
                  String sql = "update user set phone = ? where username = ?";
                  //
                  JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(driverManagerDataSource);
                  
                  int rows = jdbcTemplate.update(sql,"13812392132","rabbit");
                  System.out.println("rows=" + rows);
              } catch (IOException e) {
                  e.printStackTrace();
              }
      
          }
            /**
            * 查询全部数据
            */
          public void selectAllUser() {
      
              try {
                  //导入配置文件
                  InputStream inputStream = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("db.properties");
                  Properties properties = new Properties();
                  properties.load(inputStream);
                  //获取参数
                  String driver = properties.getProperty("jdbc.driver");
                  String url = properties.getProperty("jdbc.url");
                  String username = properties.getProperty("jdbc.username");
                  String password = properties.getProperty("jdbc.password");
                  //
                  DriverManagerDataSource driverManagerDataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource();
                  driverManagerDataSource.setJdbcUrl(driver);
                  driverManagerDataSource.setJdbcUrl(url);
                  driverManagerDataSource.setUser(username);
                  driverManagerDataSource.setPassword(password);
                  //数据库语句
                
                  String sql = "select * from user";
                  //
                  JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(driverManagerDataSource);
                
                  List<Map<String, Object>> maps = jdbcTemplate.queryForList(sql);
                  System.out.println("maps=" + maps);
              } catch (IOException e) {
                  e.printStackTrace();
              }
      
          }
          /**
           * 删除指定数据
           */
          public void deleteUser() {
            
              try {
                  //导入配置文件
                  InputStream inputStream = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("db.properties");
                  Properties properties = new Properties();
                  properties.load(inputStream);
                  //获取参数
                  String driver = properties.getProperty("jdbc.driver");
                  String url = properties.getProperty("jdbc.url");
                  String username = properties.getProperty("jdbc.username");
                  String password = properties.getProperty("jdbc.password");
                  //
                  DriverManagerDataSource driverManagerDataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource();
                  driverManagerDataSource.setJdbcUrl(driver);
                  driverManagerDataSource.setJdbcUrl(url);
                  driverManagerDataSource.setUser(username);
                  driverManagerDataSource.setPassword(password);
                  //数据库语句
                
                  String sql = "delete from user where username = ?";
                  //
                  JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(driverManagerDataSource);
           
                  int row = jdbcTemplate.update(sql, "rabbit");
                  System.out.println("row=" + row);
              } catch (IOException e) {
                  e.printStackTrace();
              }
      
           }
      
            /**
            * 查询指定数据表的记录数
            */
            public void selectCountUser() {
                  try {
                  //导入配置文件
                  InputStream inputStream = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("db.properties");
                  Properties properties = new Properties();
                  properties.load(inputStream);
                  //获取参数
                  String driver = properties.getProperty("jdbc.driver");
                  String url = properties.getProperty("jdbc.url");
                  String username = properties.getProperty("jdbc.username");
                  String password = properties.getProperty("jdbc.password");
                  //
                  DriverManagerDataSource driverManagerDataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource();
                  driverManagerDataSource.setJdbcUrl(driver);
                  driverManagerDataSource.setJdbcUrl(url);
                  driverManagerDataSource.setUser(username);
                  driverManagerDataSource.setPassword(password);
                  //数据库语句
               
                  String sql = "select count(*) from user";
                  //
                  JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(driverManagerDataSource);
                  //第一个参数sql语句，第二个参数返回的数据类型
                  Integer count = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql,Integer.class);
                  System.out.println("count=" + count);
              } catch (IOException e) {
                  e.printStackTrace();
              }
      
          }
          
          
          public void   selectUser();() {
      
              try {
                  //导入配置文件
                  InputStream inputStream = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("db.properties");
                  Properties properties = new Properties();
                  properties.load(inputStream);
                  //获取参数
                  String driver = properties.getProperty("jdbc.driver");
                  String url = properties.getProperty("jdbc.url");
                  String username = properties.getProperty("jdbc.username");
                  String password = properties.getProperty("jdbc.password");
                  //
                  DriverManagerDataSource driverManagerDataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource();
                  driverManagerDataSource.setJdbcUrl(driver);
                  driverManagerDataSource.setJdbcUrl(url);
                  driverManagerDataSource.setUser(username);
                  driverManagerDataSource.setPassword(password);
                  //数据库语句
                
                  String sql = "select * from user where username = ?";
                  
                  User user = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, new NewRowMapper(), "rabbit");
                  JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(user);
                  System.out.println(jsonObject + "");
              } catch (IOException e) {
                  e.printStackTrace();
              }
      
          }
      
      
          /**
          * 处理查询结果集
          */
          class NewRowMapper implements RowMapper<User> {
      
      
              @Override
              public User mapRow(ResultSet resultSet, int i) throws SQLException {
      
      
                  try {
                      Class<?> newClass = Class.forName("cn.muriel.auto.pojo.User");
                      Object o = newClass.newInstance();
                      for (int j = 1; j <= resultSet.getMetaData().getColumnCount(); j++) {
                          String name = resultSet.getMetaData().getColumnName(j);
                          String type = resultSet.getMetaData().getColumnTypeName(j);
                          //针对只有一次_的情况，多次则可用递归
                          if (name.contains("_")) {
                              int position = name.indexOf("_");
                              String smailChar = name.substring(position + 1, position + 2).toUpperCase();
                              name = name.substring(0, position) + smailChar + name.substring(position + 2, name.length());
                          }
                          Field declaredField = newClass.getDeclaredField(name);
                          if (declaredField != null) {
                              declaredField.setAccessible(true);
                              if (type.equals("INT"))
                                  declaredField.set(o, resultSet.getInt(name));
                              else if (type.equals("VARCHAR"))
                                  declaredField.set(o, resultSet.getString(name));
                          }
      
                      }
                      return (User) o;
      
                  } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
                      e.printStackTrace();
                  } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
                      e.printStackTrace();
                  } catch (InstantiationException e) {
                      e.printStackTrace();
                  } catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
                      e.printStackTrace();
                  }
      
      
                  return null;
              }
          }
          
      }
      
      
      
      /**
      * 测试代码
      */
       public static void main(String[] args) {
      
      
         
              Test01 test01 = (Test01) applicationContext.getBean("test01");
              test01.test01();*/
      
              TestDao dao = new TestDao();
              dao.insertUser();
              dao.updateUser();
              dao.selectAllUser();
                dao.selectUser();
              dao.selectCountUser();
      }    
          

    • spring配置c3p0连接池
      • 导入mchange-commons-java-0.2.11.jar、c3p0-0.9.5.2.jar
      • 连接连接池
        • 代码实现

            InputStream inputStream = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("db.properties");
                  Properties properties = new Properties();
                  try {
                      properties.load(inputStream);
                      //获取参数
                      String driver = properties.getProperty("jdbc.driver");
                      String url = properties.getProperty("jdbc.url");
                      String username = properties.getProperty("jdbc.username");
                      String password = properties.getProperty("jdbc.password");
                      ComboPooledDataSource comboPooledDataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
                      comboPooledDataSource.setDriverClass(driver);
                      comboPooledDataSource.setJdbcUrl(url);
                      comboPooledDataSource.setUser(username);
                      comboPooledDataSource.setPassword(password);
                  } catch (IOException e) {
                      e.printStackTrace();
                  } catch (PropertyVetoException e) {
                      e.printStackTrace();
                  }

        • 注入实现

          <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
          <!--
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd：用于注解的约束
           -->
          <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
                 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="
                  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
          
              <!-- 自动注入
              <context:component-scan base-package="cn.muriel.auto.dao"/> -->
          
              <context:property-placeholder location="db.properties"/>
              <!-- 配置注入 -->
              <bean id="userDao" class="cn.muriel.auto.dao.UserDao"/>
          
          
              <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
                  <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
                  <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
                  <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
                  <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
              </bean>
          
          
              <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
                  <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
              </bean>
          
              <bean id="testDao" class="cn.muriel.auto.dao.TestDao">
                  <property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate"/>
              </bean>
          
          </beans>

  • Hibernate
  • Ibatis（MyBatis）
  • JPA
• Spring的事务管理
  • 什么是事务
  • 事务的特性
  • 不考虑隔离性产生读问题
  • 解决读问题
    • 设置隔离级别
  • spring事务管理两种方式
    • 编程式事务管理
    • 声明式事务管理
      • 基于xml配置文件实现

         <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
            <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
                <!-- 注入dataSource -->
                <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
            </bean>
            <!-- 配置事务增强 -->
            <tx:advice id="txadvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
                <!-- 做事务操作 -->
                <tx:attributes>
                    <!--
                        设置进行事务操作的方法匹配规则
                        name：匹配名字
                        propagation：默认。
                     -->
                    <tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
                </tx:attributes>
            </tx:advice>
            <!-- 配置切面 -->
            <aop:config>
                <!-- 切入点 -->
                <aop:pointcut id="pointcut1" expression="* (cn.muriel.auto.service.TestService.*)(..)"/>
                <!-- 切面 -->
                <aop:advisor advice-ref="txadvice" pointcut-ref="pointcut1"/>
            </aop:config>

      • 基于注解实现

          <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
            <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
                <!-- 注入dataSource -->
                <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
            </bean>
            <!-- 配置事务注解 -->
            <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
        
        
        /**
         * 使用事务的方法所在类上面添加注解
         */
        @Transactional
        public class TestService {
        
            
        }

  • spring事务管理高层抽象主要包括3个接口
    • PlatformTransactionManager（事务管理器）
      • spring针对不同的dao层框架，提供接口不同的实现类
      • 首先都要配置事务管理器
    • TransactionDefinition（事务定义信息（隔离、传播、超时、只读））
    • TransactionStatus（事务具体运行状态）