centos8 rpm 安装mysql8.0.23
检查
检测系统是否自带安装 MySQL
命令如下：
rpm -qa | grep mysql
如果如下存在已安装的包，就需要卸载
mysql80-community-release-el8-1.noarch
mysql-community-client-8.0.18-1.el8.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-8.0.18-1.el8.x86_64
mysql-community-server-8.0.18-1.el8.x86_64
mysql-community-common-8.0.18-1.el8.x86_64
卸载命令
存在mysql已安装的包就需要依次卸载
rpm -e mysql // 普通删除
rpm -e --nodeps mysql // 强力删除模式，如果使用上面命令删除时，提示有依赖的其它文件，则用该命令可以对其进行强力删
查看是否安装了mariadb；
rpm -pa | grep mariadb
如果有安装的话使用如下命令移除：
rpm -e XXX
rpm -e --nodeps xxx //强制删除
下载
官网地址
https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
下载 centos8 的
mysql-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
解压
[root@192 ~]# cd /home/
[root@192 home]# ll
total 766876
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 785274880 Mar 26 18:52 mysql-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
[root@192 home]# tar xvf mysql-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
mysql-community-client-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-debuginfo-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-plugins-debuginfo-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-debuginfo-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-debugsource-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-debuginfo-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-debug-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-debug-debuginfo-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-debuginfo-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-debuginfo-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
[root@192 home]#
安装
注意安装顺序
- mysql-community-common
- 三个一起装 因为 有依赖
- mysql-community-libs-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
- mysql-community-client-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
- mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
- mysql-community-server-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
- 因为依赖perl ，所以可以直接通过yum方式安装
- yum install mysql-community-server-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
[root@192 home]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-common-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Verifying... ################################# [100%]
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-common-8.0.23-1.e################################# [100%]
[root@192 home]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-
mysql-community-libs-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-libs-debuginfo-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
[root@192 home]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-libs-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
mysql-community-client-plugins = 8.0.23-1.el8 is needed by mysql-community-libs-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64
[root@192 home]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-client-
mysql-community-client-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-debuginfo-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-client-plugins-debuginfo-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
[root@192 home]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-client-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-libs-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
mysql-community-client-plugins = 8.0.23-1.el8 is needed by mysql-community-libs-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64
mysql-community-client-plugins = 8.0.23-1.el8 is needed by mysql-community-client-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64
[root@192 home]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-client-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-libs-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Verifying... ################################# [100%]
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-client-plugins-8.################################# [ 33%]
2:mysql-community-libs-8.0.23-1.el8################################# [ 67%]
3:mysql-community-client-8.0.23-1.e################################# [100%]
[root@192 home]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
/usr/bin/perl is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64
net-tools is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64
[root@192 home]# yum install mysql-community-server-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
CentOS-8 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com 27 kB/s | 3.9 kB 00:00
CentOS-8 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com 4.3 MB/s | 2.3 MB 00:00
CentOS-8 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com 10 kB/s | 1.5 kB 00:00
CentOS-8 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com 34 kB/s | 9.4 kB 00:00
CentOS-8 - AppStream - mirrors.aliyun.com 40 kB/s | 4.3 kB 00:00
CentOS-8 - AppStream - mirrors.aliyun.com 6.7 MB/s | 6.3 MB 00:00
Dependencies resolved.
=============================================================================================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
=============================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
mysql-community-server x86_64 8.0.23-1.el8 @commandline 53 M
Installing dependencies:
net-tools x86_64 2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8 base 322 k
perl-Carp noarch 1.42-396.el8 base 30 k
perl-Errno x86_64 1.28-416.el8 base 76 k
perl-Exporter noarch 5.72-396.el8 base 34 k
perl-File-Path noarch 2.15-2.el8 base 38 k
perl-IO x86_64 1.38-416.el8 base 141 k
perl-PathTools x86_64 3.74-1.el8 base 90 k
perl-Scalar-List-Utils x86_64 3:1.49-2.el8 base 68 k
perl-Socket x86_64 4:2.027-3.el8 base 59 k
perl-Text-Tabs+Wrap noarch 2013.0523-395.el8 base 24 k
perl-Unicode-Normalize x86_64 1.25-396.el8 base 82 k
perl-constant noarch 1.33-396.el8 base 25 k
perl-interpreter x86_64 4:5.26.3-416.el8 base 6.3 M
perl-libs x86_64 4:5.26.3-416.el8 base 1.6 M
perl-macros x86_64 4:5.26.3-416.el8 base 72 k
perl-parent noarch 1:0.237-1.el8 base 20 k
perl-threads x86_64 1:2.21-2.el8 base 61 k
perl-threads-shared x86_64 1.58-2.el8 base 48 k
Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================================================
Install 19 Packages
Total size: 62 M
Total download size: 9.0 M
Installed size: 262 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/18): perl-Errno-1.28-416.el8.x86_64.rpm 221 kB/s | 76 kB 00:00
(2/18): perl-Carp-1.42-396.el8.noarch.rpm 83 kB/s | 30 kB 00:00
(3/18): net-tools-2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8.x86_64.rpm 872 kB/s | 322 kB 00:00
(4/18): perl-Exporter-5.72-396.el8.noarch.rpm 499 kB/s | 34 kB 00:00
(5/18): perl-IO-1.38-416.el8.x86_64.rpm 2.3 MB/s | 141 kB 00:00
(6/18): perl-File-Path-2.15-2.el8.noarch.rpm 528 kB/s | 38 kB 00:00
(7/18): perl-Socket-2.027-3.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.3 MB/s | 59 kB 00:00
(8/18): perl-PathTools-3.74-1.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.2 MB/s | 90 kB 00:00
(9/18): perl-Scalar-List-Utils-1.49-2.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.0 MB/s | 68 kB 00:00
(10/18): perl-constant-1.33-396.el8.noarch.rpm 545 kB/s | 25 kB 00:00
(11/18): perl-Unicode-Normalize-1.25-396.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.3 MB/s | 82 kB 00:00
(12/18): perl-Text-Tabs+Wrap-2013.0523-395.el8.noarch.rpm 229 kB/s | 24 kB 00:00
(13/18): perl-macros-5.26.3-416.el8.x86_64.rpm 552 kB/s | 72 kB 00:00
(14/18): perl-parent-0.237-1.el8.noarch.rpm 188 kB/s | 20 kB 00:00
(15/18): perl-libs-5.26.3-416.el8.x86_64.rpm 4.2 MB/s | 1.6 MB 00:00
(16/18): perl-threads-2.21-2.el8.x86_64.rpm 663 kB/s | 61 kB 00:00
(17/18): perl-threads-shared-1.58-2.el8.x86_64.rpm 730 kB/s | 48 kB 00:00
(18/18): perl-interpreter-5.26.3-416.el8.x86_64.rpm 7.5 MB/s | 6.3 MB 00:00
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 6.5 MB/s | 9.0 MB 00:01
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Installing : perl-Exporter-5.72-396.el8.noarch 1/19
Installing : perl-libs-4:5.26.3-416.el8.x86_64 2/19
Installing : perl-Carp-1.42-396.el8.noarch 3/19
Installing : perl-Scalar-List-Utils-3:1.49-2.el8.x86_64 4/19
Installing : perl-macros-4:5.26.3-416.el8.x86_64 5/19
Installing : perl-parent-1:0.237-1.el8.noarch 6/19
Installing : perl-Errno-1.28-416.el8.x86_64 7/19
Installing : perl-Socket-4:2.027-3.el8.x86_64 8/19
Installing : perl-Text-Tabs+Wrap-2013.0523-395.el8.noarch 9/19
Installing : perl-Unicode-Normalize-1.25-396.el8.x86_64 10/19
Installing : perl-File-Path-2.15-2.el8.noarch 11/19
Installing : perl-IO-1.38-416.el8.x86_64 12/19
Installing : perl-PathTools-3.74-1.el8.x86_64 13/19
Installing : perl-constant-1.33-396.el8.noarch 14/19
Installing : perl-threads-1:2.21-2.el8.x86_64 15/19
Installing : perl-threads-shared-1.58-2.el8.x86_64 16/19
Installing : perl-interpreter-4:5.26.3-416.el8.x86_64 17/19
Installing : net-tools-2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8.x86_64 18/19
Running scriptlet: net-tools-2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8.x86_64 18/19
Running scriptlet: mysql-community-server-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64 19/19
Installing : mysql-community-server-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64 19/19
Running scriptlet: mysql-community-server-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64 19/19
Verifying : net-tools-2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8.x86_64 1/19
Verifying : perl-Carp-1.42-396.el8.noarch 2/19
Verifying : perl-Errno-1.28-416.el8.x86_64 3/19
Verifying : perl-Exporter-5.72-396.el8.noarch 4/19
Verifying : perl-File-Path-2.15-2.el8.noarch 5/19
Verifying : perl-IO-1.38-416.el8.x86_64 6/19
Verifying : perl-PathTools-3.74-1.el8.x86_64 7/19
Verifying : perl-Scalar-List-Utils-3:1.49-2.el8.x86_64 8/19
Verifying : perl-Socket-4:2.027-3.el8.x86_64 9/19
Verifying : perl-Text-Tabs+Wrap-2013.0523-395.el8.noarch 10/19
Verifying : perl-Unicode-Normalize-1.25-396.el8.x86_64 11/19
Verifying : perl-constant-1.33-396.el8.noarch 12/19
Verifying : perl-interpreter-4:5.26.3-416.el8.x86_64 13/19
Verifying : perl-libs-4:5.26.3-416.el8.x86_64 14/19
Verifying : perl-macros-4:5.26.3-416.el8.x86_64 15/19
Verifying : perl-parent-1:0.237-1.el8.noarch 16/19
Verifying : perl-threads-1:2.21-2.el8.x86_64 17/19
Verifying : perl-threads-shared-1.58-2.el8.x86_64 18/19
Verifying : mysql-community-server-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64 19/19
Installed:
mysql-community-server-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64 net-tools-2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8.x86_64 perl-Carp-1.42-396.el8.noarch
perl-Errno-1.28-416.el8.x86_64 perl-Exporter-5.72-396.el8.noarch perl-File-Path-2.15-2.el8.noarch
perl-IO-1.38-416.el8.x86_64 perl-PathTools-3.74-1.el8.x86_64 perl-Scalar-List-Utils-3:1.49-2.el8.x86_64
perl-Socket-4:2.027-3.el8.x86_64 perl-Text-Tabs+Wrap-2013.0523-395.el8.noarch perl-Unicode-Normalize-1.25-396.el8.x86_64
perl-constant-1.33-396.el8.noarch perl-interpreter-4:5.26.3-416.el8.x86_64 perl-libs-4:5.26.3-416.el8.x86_64
perl-macros-4:5.26.3-416.el8.x86_64 perl-parent-1:0.237-1.el8.noarch perl-threads-1:2.21-2.el8.x86_64
perl-threads-shared-1.58-2.el8.x86_64
Complete!
[root@192 home]# cat /etc/my.cnf
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove the leading "# " to disable binary logging
# Binary logging captures changes between backups and is enabled by
# default. It's default setting is log_bin=binlog
# disable_log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
#
# Remove leading # to revert to previous value for default_authentication_plugin,
# this will increase compatibility with older clients. For background, see:
# https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-system-variables.html#sysvar_default_authentication_plugin
# default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
[root@192 home]#
安装完成
-
安装完成后，会自动生成 /etc/my.cnf 配置文件
-
安装了 mysql-community-server 组件，会:
a). 在 /etc/下生成 my.cnf 文件 和 my.cnf.d 文件夹b). 在/var/lib/下生产以下三个文件夹
c). 在/var/log/ 下生成 mysqld.log 文件
d). 在/var/run/ 下生成 mysqld 目录
启动mysql
[root@192 home]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@192 home]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Fri 2021-03-26 19:04:29 CST; 1s ago
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
Process: 4003 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 4075 (mysqld)
Status: "Server is operational"
Tasks: 38 (limit: 49295)
Memory: 441.2M
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─4075 /usr/sbin/mysqld
Mar 26 19:04:21 192.168.21.165 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Mar 26 19:04:29 192.168.21.165 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
[root@192 home]#
修改密码
- 查看密码
[root@192 home]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2021-03-26T11:04:24.366511Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: <Xuk)!JG5&My
[root@192 home]#
修改密码
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'root';
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;
ERROR 1193 (HY000): Unknown system variable 'validate_password_length'
mysql> show global
-> ;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '' at line 1
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '12345678Aa?';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show variables like 'validate_password%';
+--------------------------------------+--------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------------------+--------+
| validate_password.check_user_name | ON |
| validate_password.dictionary_file | |
| validate_password.length | 8 |
| validate_password.mixed_case_count | 1 |
| validate_password.number_count | 1 |
| validate_password.policy | MEDIUM |
| validate_password.special_char_count | 1 |
+--------------------------------------+--------+
7 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> set global validate_password.length=4;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set global validate_password.policy=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| validate_password.check_user_name | ON |
| validate_password.dictionary_file | |
| validate_password.length | 4 |
| validate_password.mixed_case_count | 1 |
| validate_password.number_count | 1 |
| validate_password.policy | LOW |
| validate_password.special_char_count | 1 |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'root';
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '1234';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'root';
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
mysql> exit
Bye
[root@192 home]# mysql -u root -p1234
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 13
Server version: 8.0.23 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> exit
Bye
[root@192 home]#
- 问题 短密码不能设置，需要修改密码策略
- set global validate_password.length=4; 密码长度改成4
- set global validate_password.policy=0; 密码校验强度改成LOW后，只校验密码长度
查看当前安全变量值并修改
mysql> show variables like 'validate_password%';
+--------------------------------------+--------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------------------+--------+
| validate_password.check_user_name | ON |
| validate_password.dictionary_file | |
| validate_password.length | 8 |
| validate_password.mixed_case_count | 1 |
| validate_password.number_count | 1 |
| validate_password.policy | MEDIUM |
| validate_password.special_char_count | 1 |
+--------------------------------------+--------+
7 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> set global validate_password.length=4;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set global validate_password.policy=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| validate_password.check_user_name | ON |
| validate_password.dictionary_file | |
| validate_password.length | 4 |
| validate_password.mixed_case_count | 1 |
| validate_password.number_count | 1 |
| validate_password.policy | LOW |
| validate_password.special_char_count | 1 |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
设置开机启动
[root@192 home]# systemctl enable mysqld