实现效果:

知识运用:
ManagementObjectSearcher类和ManagementObject类
实现代码:
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
ManagementObjectSearcher VoiceDeviceSearcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher("select * from Win32_SoundDevice");
foreach(ManagementObject VoiceDeviceObject in VoiceDeviceSearcher.Get())
{
textBox1.Text=VoiceDeviceObject["Name"].ToString();
textBox2.Text=VoiceDeviceObject["PNPDeviceID"].ToString();
}
button1.Enabled = false;
}