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  • python自动化之使用allure生成测试报告

    Allure测试报告框架帮助你轻松实现”高大上”报告展示。本文通过示例演示如何从0到1集成Allure测试框架。重点展示了如何将Allure集成到已有的自动化测试工程中、以及如何实现报表的优化展示。Allure非常强大,支持多种语言多种测试框架,无论是Java/Python还是Junit/TestNG,其他语言或者框架实现的流程和本文一致,具体配置参照各语言框架规范
    安装
    • 安装allure
      • Windows用户:
        • scoop install allure    (需要先下载并安装Scoop,该方法无需配置环境变量)
      • MAC用户:
        • 通过Homebrew进行自动安装
        • brew install allure   (如果Homebrew版本比较旧,需要先升级Homebrew,否则安装的allure版本也很老,可能会与Python插件不兼容)
      • 手动安装:
        • 可以从官网 https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/io/qameta/allure/allure-commandline/ 手动下载
        • 目前最新版本为2.13.6    
        • 下载后解压并配置环境变量 

    • 安装allure-pytest插件
      • pip install allure-pytest
    allure常用特性

    希望在报告中看到测试功能,子功能或场景,测试步骤,包括测试附加信息可以使用@feature,@story,@step,@attach

    步骤:

    • import allure
    • 功能上加@allure.feature("功能名称")
    • 子功能上加@allure.story("子功能名称")
    • 步骤上加@allure.step("步骤细节")
    • @allure.attach("具体文本信息"),需要附加的信息,可以是数据,文本,图片,视频,网页
    • 如果只测试部分功能运行的时候可以加限制过滤:
      • pytest 文件名 --allure-features "需要运行的功能名称" 

    allure特性—feature/story

    @allure.feature与@allure.store的关系

    • feature相当于一个功能,一个大的模块,将case分类到某个feature中,报告中在behaviore中显示,相当于testsuite
    • story相当于对应这个功能或者模块下的不同场景,分支功能,属于feature之下的结构,报告在features中显示,相当于testcase
    • feature与story类似于父与子关系

    step特性

    • 测试过程中每个步骤,一般放在具体逻辑方法中
    • 可以放在关键步骤中,在报告中显示
    • 在app,web自动化测试中,建议每切换到一个新的页面当做一个step
    • 用法:
      • @allure.step() 只能以装饰器的形式放在类或方法上面
      • with allure.step():  可以放在测试用例方法里面,但测试步骤的代码需要被该语句包含

    运行:

      在测试执行期间收集结果

      pytest [测试文件] -s -q --alluredir=./result --clean-alluredir

        • --alluredir这个选项,用于指定存储测试结果的路径
        • --clean-alluredir 这个选项用来清除之前生成的结果

    查看测试报告:

      方法一:测试完成后查看实际报告,在线看报告,会直接打开默认浏览器展示当前报告

          allure serve ./result 

      方法二:从结果生成报告,这是一个启动tomcat的服务,需要两个步骤

          生成报告:

              allure generate ./result -o ./report --clean   (注意:--clean用来清除之前已生成的报告)

          打开报告:

              allure open -h 127.0.0.1 -p 8883 ./report   (该方法直接生成一个tomcat服务,可远程访问)

     举个例子:

    有如下代码文件

    #!/usr/bin/python
    # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
    """
    @author:chenshifeng
    @file:test_allure.py
    @time:2020/10/10
    """
    import allure
    import pytest
    
    
    @allure.feature('登录模块')
    class TestLogin():
        @allure.story('登录成功')
        @allure.title('登录成功标题')
        def test_login_sucess(self):
            with allure.step('步骤1:打开应用'):
                print('应用已打开')
            with allure.step('步骤2:进入登录页面'):
                print('登录页面已打开')
            with allure.step('步骤3:输入用户名和密码'):
                print('用户名和密码输入成功')
            print('登录测试用例:登录成功')
    
        @allure.story('登录成功')
        def test_login_sucess2(self):
            assert '1' == 1
            print('登录测试用例:登录成功')
    
        @allure.story('登录失败')
        def test_login_failure_a(self):
            print('登录测试用例:登录失败,用户名缺失')
    
        @allure.story('登录失败')
        def test_login_failure_b(self):
            print('登录测试用例:登录失败,密码缺失')
    
        @allure.story('登录失败')
        def test_login_failure_c(self):
            with allure.step('输入用户名'):
                print('已输入用户名')
            with allure.step('输入密码'):
                print('已输入密码')
            with allure.step('点击登录'):
                print('已点击登录')
            print('登录测试用例:登录失败,密码错误')
    
    
    @allure.feature('搜索模块')
    class TestSearch():
        def test_search1(self):
            print('搜索用例1')
    
        TEST_CASE_LINK = 'https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/'
        @allure.testcase(TEST_CASE_LINK,'测试用例连接')
        def test_search2(self):
            print('搜索用例2')
        @allure.step('搜索步骤')
        def test_search3(self):
            print('搜索用例3')
    View Code

    依次执行命令: 

      pytest test_allure.py --alluredir=./result --clean-alluredir

       allure serve ./result 

    chenshifengdeMacBook-Pro:testcode chenshifeng$ pytest test_allure.py --alluredir=./result --clean-alluredir
    ============================================================================= test session starts =============================================================================
    platform darwin -- Python 3.9.0, pytest-6.1.1, py-1.9.0, pluggy-0.13.1
    rootdir: /Users/chenshifeng/MyCode/PythonCode/SFDSZL/test_pytest, configfile: pytest.ini
    plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.18
    collected 8 items                                                                                                                                                             
    
    test_allure.py .F......                                                                                                                                                 [100%]
    
    ================================================================================== FAILURES ===================================================================================
    ________________________________________________________________________ TestLogin.test_login_sucess2 _________________________________________________________________________
    
    self = <test_allure.TestLogin object at 0x7fef3d5cba90>
    
        @allure.story('登录成功')
        def test_login_sucess2(self):
    >       assert '1' == 1
    E       AssertionError: assert '1' == 1
    
    test_allure.py:27: AssertionError
    =========================================================================== short test summary info ===========================================================================
    FAILED test_allure.py::TestLogin::test_login_sucess2 - AssertionError: assert '1' == 1
    ========================================================================= 1 failed, 7 passed in 0.07s =========================================================================
    chenshifengdeMacBook-Pro:testcode chenshifeng$ allure serve ./result 
    Generating report to temp directory...
    Report successfully generated to /var/folders/p0/3_7fwrvx6n3ftpfd4wjb01300000gn/T/7024790777193223986/allure-report
    Starting web server...
    2020-10-13 21:39:56.174:INFO::main: Logging initialized @6818ms to org.eclipse.jetty.util.log.StdErrLog
    Server started at <http://192.168.12.100:58977/>. Press <Ctrl+C> to exit
    View Code

    生成的报告:

    allure特性-testcase

    关联测试用例(可以直接给测试用例的地址链接)

    例子:

    TEST_CASE_LINK = 'https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/'
    @allure.testcase(TEST_CASE_LINK,'测试用例连接')
    def test_search(self):
        print('搜索用例')

    按重要性级别进行一定范围测试

    通常测试有P0、冒烟测试、验证上线测试。按重要性级别来执行的,比如上线要把主流程和重要模块都跑一遍,可通过以下方法解决

    • 通过附加@pytest.mark标记
    • 通过allure.feature,allure.story
    • 也可以通过allure.severity来附加标记
      • 级别:
      • trivial:不重要,轻微缺陷(必输项无提示,或者提示不规范)
      • minor 不太重要,次要缺陷(界面错误与UI需求不符)
      • normal:正常问题,普通缺陷(数值计算错误)
      • critical:严重,临界缺陷(功能点缺失)
      • blocker:阻塞,中断缺陷(客户端程序无响应,无法执行下一步操作)

    使用方法:

       在方法、函数和类上面加 @allure.severity(allure.severity_level.TRIVIAL)

    执行:

       pytest -s -v 文件名 --allure-severities normal,critical

    举例说明:

    #!/usr/bin/python
    # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
    """
    @author:chenshifeng
    @file:test_severity.py
    @time:2020/10/11
    """
    import allure
    import pytest
    
    
    # 不加任何标记,默认normal
    def test_with_no_severity():
        pass
    
    
    # trivial:不重要,轻微缺陷(必输项无提示,或者提示不规范)
    @allure.severity(allure.severity_level.TRIVIAL)
    def test_with_trivial_severity():
        pass
    
    
    # minor 级别 不太重要,次要缺陷(界面错误与UI需求不符)
    @allure.severity(allure.severity_level.MINOR)
    def test_with_minor_severity():
        pass
    
    
    # normal:正常问题,普通缺陷(数值计算错误)
    @allure.severity(allure.severity_level.NORMAL)
    def test_with_normal_severity():
        pass
    
    
    # critical:严重,临界缺陷(功能点缺失)
    @allure.severity(allure.severity_level.CRITICAL)
    def test_with_ritical_severity():
        pass
    
    
    # blocker:阻塞,中断缺陷(客户端程序无响应,无法执行下一步操作)
    @allure.severity(allure.severity_level.BLOCKER)
    def test_with_blocker_severity():
        pass
    
    
    @allure.severity(allure.severity_level.NORMAL)
    class TestClassWithNormalSeverity(object):
    
        # 不加任何标记,默认为同class级别
        def test_inside_with_normal_severity(self):
            pass
    
        # 重新设置了critical级别
        @allure.severity(allure.severity_level.CRITICAL)
        def test_inside_with_critical_severity(self):
            pass

    执行:

    chenshifengdeMacBook-Pro:testcode chenshifeng$ pytest test_severity.py --alluredir=./result --clean-alluredir -vs
    ============================================================================= test session starts =============================================================================
    platform darwin -- Python 3.9.0, pytest-6.1.1, py-1.9.0, pluggy-0.13.1 -- /usr/local/bin/python3.9
    cachedir: .pytest_cache
    rootdir: /Users/chenshifeng/MyCode/PythonCode/SFDSZL/test_pytest, configfile: pytest.ini
    plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.18
    collected 8 items                                                                                                                                                             
    
    test_severity.py::test_with_no_severity PASSED
    test_severity.py::test_with_trivial_severity PASSED
    test_severity.py::test_with_minor_severity PASSED
    test_severity.py::test_with_normal_severity PASSED
    test_severity.py::test_with_ritical_severity PASSED
    test_severity.py::test_with_blocker_severity PASSED
    test_severity.py::TestClassWithNormalSeverity::test_inside_with_normal_severity PASSED
    test_severity.py::TestClassWithNormalSeverity::test_inside_with_critical_severity PASSED
    
    ============================================================================== 8 passed in 0.03s ==============================================================================
    chenshifengdeMacBook-Pro:testcode chenshifeng$ allure serve ./result 
    Generating report to temp directory...
    Report successfully generated to /var/folders/p0/3_7fwrvx6n3ftpfd4wjb01300000gn/T/17788207943997663035/allure-report
    Starting web server...
    2020-10-13 22:27:49.842:INFO::main: Logging initialized @6620ms to org.eclipse.jetty.util.log.StdErrLog
    Server started at <http://192.168.12.100:59696/>. Press <Ctrl+C> to exit

    终极用例:

    百度搜索:

    #!/usr/bin/python
    # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
    """
    @author:chenshifeng
    @file:test_baidudemo.py
    @time:2020/10/13
    """
    import pytest
    import allure
    from selenium import webdriver
    import time
    
    @allure.testcase('https://www.github.com')
    @allure.feature("百度搜索")
    @pytest.mark.parametrize('test_data1',['allure','pytest','unittest'])
    def test_steps_demo(test_data1):
        with allure.step('打开百度网页'):
            driver=webdriver.Chrome()
            driver.get('http://www.baidu.com')
            driver.maximize_window()
        with allure.step(f'输入搜索词:{test_data1}'):
            driver.find_element_by_id('kw').send_keys(test_data1)
            time.sleep(2)
            driver.find_element_by_id('su').click()
            time.sleep(2)
        with allure.step('保存图片'):
            driver.save_screenshot('./screenshot/baidu.png')
            allure.attach.file('./screenshot/baidu.png',attachment_type=allure.attachment_type.PNG)
        with allure.step('关闭浏览器'):
            driver.quit()

    执行:

    chenshifengdeMacBook-Pro:testcode chenshifeng$ pytest test_baidudemo.py --alluredir=./result --clean-alluredir -vs
    ============================================================================= test session starts =============================================================================
    platform darwin -- Python 3.9.0, pytest-6.1.1, py-1.9.0, pluggy-0.13.1 -- /usr/local/bin/python3.9
    cachedir: .pytest_cache
    rootdir: /Users/chenshifeng/MyCode/PythonCode/SFDSZL/test_pytest, configfile: pytest.ini
    plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.18
    collected 3 items                                                                                                                                                             
    
    test_baidudemo.py::test_steps_demo[allure] PASSED
    test_baidudemo.py::test_steps_demo[pytest] PASSED
    test_baidudemo.py::test_steps_demo[unittest] PASSED
    
    ============================================================================= 3 passed in 24.65s ==============================================================================
    chenshifengdeMacBook-Pro:testcode chenshifeng$ allure serve ./result 
    Generating report to temp directory...
    Report successfully generated to /var/folders/p0/3_7fwrvx6n3ftpfd4wjb01300000gn/T/18005664130273264423/allure-report
    Starting web server...
    2020-10-13 23:03:39.221:INFO::main: Logging initialized @7360ms to org.eclipse.jetty.util.log.StdErrLog
    Server started at <http://192.168.12.100:60775/>. Press <Ctrl+C> to exit

    报告:

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/feng0815/p/13792188.html
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