create table student(
sno varchar2(10) primary key,
sname varchar2(20),
sage number(2),
ssex varchar2(5)
);
create table teacher(
tno varchar2(10) primary key,
tname varchar2(20)
);
create table course(
cno varchar2(10),
cname varchar2(20),
tno varchar2(20),
constraint pk_course primary key (cno,tno)
);
create table sc(
sno varchar2(10),
cno varchar2(10),
score number(4,2),
constraint pk_sc primary key (sno,cno)
);
/*******初始化学生表的数据******/
insert into student values ('s001','张三',23,'男');
insert into student values ('s002','李四',23,'男');
insert into student values ('s003','吴鹏',25,'男');
insert into student values ('s004','琴沁',20,'女');
insert into student values ('s005','王丽',20,'女');
insert into student values ('s006','李波',21,'男');
insert into student values ('s007','刘玉',21,'男');
insert into student values ('s008','萧蓉',21,'女');
insert into student values ('s009','陈萧晓',23,'女');
insert into student values ('s010','陈美',22,'女');
commit;
/******************初始化教师表***********************/
insert into teacher values ('t001', '刘阳');
insert into teacher values ('t002', '谌燕');
insert into teacher values ('t003', '胡明星');
commit;
/***************初始化课程表****************************/
insert into course values ('c001','J2SE','t002');
insert into course values ('c002','Java Web','t002');
insert into course values ('c003','SSH','t001');
insert into course values ('c004','Oracle','t001');
insert into course values ('c005','SQL SERVER 2005','t003');
insert into course values ('c006','C#','t003');
insert into course values ('c007','JavaScript','t002');
insert into course values ('c008','DIV+CSS','t001');
insert into course values ('c009','PHP','t003');
insert into course values ('c010','EJB3.0','t002');
commit;
/***************初始化成绩表***********************/
insert into sc values ('s001','c001',78.9);
insert into sc values ('s002','c001',80.9);
insert into sc values ('s003','c001',81.9);
insert into sc values ('s004','c001',60.9);
insert into sc values ('s001','c002',82.9);
insert into sc values ('s002','c002',72.9);
insert into sc values ('s003','c002',81.9);
insert into sc values ('s001','c003','59');
commit;
练习：
注意：以下练习中的数据是根据初始化到数据库中的数据来写的SQL 语句，请大家务必注意。
1、查询“c001”课程比“c002”课程成绩高的所有学生的学号；
2、查询平均成绩大于60 分的同学的学号和平均成绩；
3、查询所有同学的学号、姓名、选课数、总成绩；
4、查询姓“刘”的老师的个数；
5、查询没学过“谌燕”老师课的同学的学号、姓名；
6、查询学过“c001”并且也学过编号“c002”课程的同学的学号、姓名；
7、查询学过“谌燕”老师所教的所有课的同学的学号、姓名；
8、查询课程编号“c002”的成绩比课程编号“c001”课程低的所有同学的学号、姓名；
9、查询所有课程成绩小于60 分的同学的学号、姓名；
10、查询没有学全所有课的同学的学号、姓名；
11、查询至少有一门课与学号为“s001”的同学所学相同的同学的学号和姓名；
12、查询学过学号为“s001”同学所有课程的其他同学学号和姓名；
13、把“SC”表中“谌燕”老师教的课的成绩都更改为此课程的平均成绩；
14、查询和“s001”号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学学号和姓名；
15、删除学习“谌燕”老师课的SC 表记录；
16、向SC 表中插入一些记录，这些记录要求符合以下条件：没有上过编号“c002”课程的同学学号、“c002”号课的平均成绩；
17、查询各科成绩最高和最低的分：以如下形式显示：课程ID，最高分，最低分
18、按各科平均成绩从低到高和及格率的百分数从高到低顺序
19、查询不同老师所教不同课程平均分从高到低显示
20、统计列印各科成绩,各分数段人数:课程ID,课程名称,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[ <60]
21、查询各科成绩前三名的记录:(不考虑成绩并列情况)
22、查询每门课程被选修的学生数
23、查询出只选修了一门课程的学生的学号和姓名
24、查询男生、女生人数
25、查询姓“张”的学生名单
26、查询同名同性学生名单，并统计同名人数
27、1991 年出生的学生名单(注：Student 表中Sage 列的类型是number)
28、查询每门课程的平均成绩，结果按平均成绩升序排列，平均成绩相同时，按课程号降序排列
29、查询平均成绩大于85 的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩
30、查询课程名称为“数据库”，且分数低于60 的学生姓名和分数
31、查询所有学生的选课情况；
32、查询任何一门课程成绩在70 分以上的姓名、课程名称和分数；
33、查询不及格的课程，并按课程号从大到小排列
34、查询课程编号为c001 且课程成绩在80 分以上的学生的学号和姓名；
35、求选了课程的学生人数
36、查询选修“谌燕”老师所授课程的学生中，成绩最高的学生姓名及其成绩
37、查询各个课程及相应的选修人数
38、查询不同课程成绩相同的学生的学号、课程号、学生成绩
39、查询每门功课成绩最好的前两名
40、统计每门课程的学生选修人数（超过10 人的课程才统计）。要求输出课程号和选修人数，查询结果按人数降序排列，若人数相同，按课程号升序排列
41、检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号
42、查询全部学生都选修的课程的课程号和课程名
43、查询没学过“谌燕”老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名
44、查询两门以上不及格课程的同学的学号及其平均成绩
45、检索“c004”课程分数小于60，按分数降序排列的同学学号
46、删除“s002”同学的“c001”课程的成绩
答案:
1、
select a.* from
(select * from sc a where a.cno='c001') a,
(select * from sc b where b.cno='c002') b
where a.sno=b.sno and a.score > b.score;
2、select sno,avg(score) from sc group by sno having avg(score)>60;
3、select a.*,s.sname from (select sno,sum(score),count(cno) from sc group by sno) a ,student s where a.sno=s.sno;
4、select count(*) from teacher where tname like '刘%';
5、
方法1：
select sno,sname from student where sno not in(
select sno from sc where cno in (
select cno from course where tno=(select tno from teacher where tname='谌燕')
)
);
方法2：
select sno,sname from student s
where not exists(select 's' from teacher t,course c,sc where t.tno = c.tno and tname ='谌燕'and c.cno=sc.cno and sc.sno = s.sno);
方法3：
select sno,sname from student
where sno not in (select sno from teacher t,course c,sc where t.tno = c.tno and tname ='谌燕'and c.cno=sc.cno);
6、
方法1：
select sno,sname from student where sno in(
select a.sno from (select * from sc where cno='c001') a,(select * from sc where cno='c002') b where a.sno=b.sno
);
方法2：
select sno,sname from student where sno in(
select a.sno from sc a join sc b on a.sno=b.sno
where a.cno='c001' and b.cno='c002' and b.sno = a.sno
);
方法3：
select s.sno,s.sname from
sc a join sc b on a.sno=b.sno
join student s on s.sno=a.sno
where a.cno='c001' and b.cno='c002' and b.sno = a.sno;
7、
select sno,sname from student where sno in(
select sno from sc,course c,teacher t
where sc.cno = c.cno and t.tno = c.tno and t.tname='谌燕'
group by sno having count (sc.cno)=( select count(*) from course a,teacher b where b.tno = a.tno and b.tname='谌燕')
);
8、
select sno,sname from student
where sno in(
select a.sno from sc a join sc b on a.sno=b.sno
where a.cno='c001' and b.cno='c002' and b.sno = a.sno and a.score<b.score);
9、 select sno,sname from student where sno not in ( select sno from sc where score>60);
10、select sno,sname from student where sno not in(select sno from sc group by sno having count(*)=(select count(*) from course));
11、
select sno,sname from student
where sno!='s001' and sno in(
select sno from sc b where exists (
select *from sc a where sno='s001' and b.cno = a.cno
) group by sno
);
12、
select sno,sname from student where sno in(
select sc.sno from sc,course c,( select cno from sc where sno='s001') a
where sc.sno!='s001' and sc.cno = c.cno and a.cno=sc.cno
group by sc.sno having count(sc.sno)=(select count(*) from sc where sno='s001'
)
);
13、
update sc s
set s.score=(
select a.score from
(
select sc.cno,ROUND(avg(sc.score)) score
from sc,course c,teacher t
where t.tno = c.tno
and t.tname='谌燕'
and sc.cno = c.cno
group by sc.cno ) a
where s.cno= a.cno
)
where s.cno in (select sc.cno
from sc,course c,teacher t
where t.tno = c.tno
and t.tname='谌燕'
and sc.cno = c.cno
group by sc.cno)
14、
select sno,sname from student
where sno!='s001' and sno in(
select sno from sc b where exists (
select *from sc a where sno='s001' and b.cno = a.cno
) group by sno
);
15、delete from sc where cno in(select cno from course c join teacher t on t.tno=c.tno and t.tname='谌燕');
16、
insert into sc
select sno,'c002' ,(select round(avg(score))
from sc where cno='c002') from student where sno not in (select sno from sc);
17、
select cno 课程ID,max(score) 最高分,min(score) 最低分 from sc group by cno;
18、
select cno,avg(score),sum(case when score>=60 then 1 else 0 end)/count(*)
as 及格率
from sc group by cno
order by avg(score),及格率 desc;
19、
select max(c.cno),max(c.cname),max(t.tname),round(avg(sc.score))
from sc,teacher t,course c
where sc.cno = c.cno and t.tno = c.tno group by c.cno;
20、
select sc.cno,c.cname,
sum(case when score between 85 and 100 then 1 else 0 end) AS "[100-85]",
sum(case when score between 70 and 85 then 1 else 0 end) AS "[85-70]",
sum(case when score between 60 and 70 then 1 else 0 end) AS "[70-60]",
sum(case when score <60 then 1 else 0 end) AS "[<60]"
from sc, course c
where sc.cno=c.cno
group by sc.cno ,c.cname;
21、select * from (select sno,cno,score,row_number()over(partition by cno order by score desc) 排名 from sc) where 排名<=3;
22、select cno,count(sno)from sc group by cno;
23、select sno from sc group by sno having count(*)=1;
24、select ssex 性别,count(*) 人数 from student group by ssex;
25、select * from student where sname like '张%';
26、select sname,count(*) from student group by sname having count(*)>1;
27、select *from student where sage=2016-1991;
28、 select cno,avg(score) from sc group by cno order by avg(score),cno desc;
29、select s.sno,s.sname,avg(score) from sc join student s on s.sno=sc.sno group by s.sno, s.sname having avg(score)>85;
30、select s.sname,sc.score from sc,student s where sc.sno = s.sno and cno =(select cno from course where cname ='数据库') and score<60;
31、select s.sno,s.sname,c.cname,sc.score from sc,course c,student s where sc.cno = c.cno and sc.sno = s.sno ;
32、select s.sno,s.sname,c.cname,sc.score from sc,course c,student s where sc.cno = c.cno and sc.sno = s.sno and sc.score>70;
33、select * from sc where score<60 order by cno desc;
34、select sno,sname from student where sno in(select sno from sc where cno='c001' and score>80);
35、select count(distinct sno) from sc;
36、select s.sno,s.sname,sc.score from sc,course c,student s,teacher t
where sc.cno = c.cno and sc.sno = s.sno and t.tno = c.tno and t.tname='谌燕' and score=(select max(score) from sc);
37、
select c.*,nvl(co,0) 选修人数
from course c left join (select cno,count(*) co from sc group by cno) a on a.cno=c.cno;
38、select a.*from sc a,sc b where a.score=b.score and b.sno = a.sno and b.cno != a.cno;
39、
select sname,cno,a.排名
from student s,(select sno,cno,row_number()over(partition by cno order by score desc) 排名 from sc) a
where a.sno=s.sno and 排名<=2 order by cno ,排名 asc;
40、
select c.*,decode(co,null,0,co,co) 选修人数
from course c left join (select cno,count(*) co from sc group by cno) a on a.cno=c.cno
order by 选修人数 desc,c.cno asc;
41、select sno from sc group by sno having count(*)>=2;
42、select cno,cname from course where cno in(select cno from sc group by cno having count(*)=(select count(*) from student));
43、select sno from student where sno not in(select sc.sno from course c,sc,teacher t where sc.cno = c.cno and t.tno = c.tno and t.tname='谌燕');
44、select sno from sc where score<60 group by sno having count(*)>=2 ;
45、select sno from sc where score<60 and cno='c004' order by score desc;
46、delete from sc where sno='s002' and cno='c001';