Excel常用操作

Excel常用操作

1 读取Excel到DataTable

 一般读取Excel需要指定sheet名称，当需要批量处理excel文件的时候，而且每个excel的sheet名称又不一样的时候，导入就成了一件恼火的事情。

先提高一个自动获取sheet名称的功能。

来看看代码实现 ：

  OleDbConnection con = new OleDbConnection(GetConn(tempxlsPath));

　　DataTable dtSheetName = con.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Tables, new object[] { null, null, null, "Table" });

　　sheetName = dtSheetName.Rows[0]["TABLE_NAME"].ToString();

有人说：外部文件不是有效的Excel文件，没关系，是应该office版本的文件，导致连接串有变化。

private string GetConn(string xlsPath)
{
　　if (!File.Exists(xlsPath))
　　{
　　　　return "指定的Excel文件不存在！";
　　}
　　return "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + xlsPath + ";Extended properties=\"Excel 8.0;IMEX=1;HDR=YES;\"";
}

private string GetConnACE(string xlsPath)
{
　　if (!File.Exists(xlsPath))
　　{
　　　　return "指定的Excel文件不存在！";
　　}
　　return "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source=" + xlsPath + ";Extended properties=\"Excel 8.0;IMEX=1;HDR=YES;\"";
}

OleDbConnection con = new OleDbConnection(GetConn(tempxlsPath));

//读取
try
{
　　con.Open();
}
catch
{
　　con.ConnectionString = GetConnACE(tempxlsPath);
　　try
　　{
　　　　con.Open();
　　}
　　catch(Exception ex)
　　{
　　　　retmsg = ex.Message;
　　　　return dtExcel;
　　}
}

当遇到Excel不是标准的Excel时，如网页下载的基于html格式或csv格式的文件，连接查询就会报错，这是就需要另存为标准的格式：

　　　　Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application ObjExcel = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();
　　　　Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook ObjWorkBook;

　　　　ObjWorkBook = ObjExcel.Workbooks.Open(xlsPath, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);


　　　　tempxlsPath = System.IO.Path.GetDirectoryName(xlsPath) + "\\" + DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString() + ".xls";

　　　　((Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)ObjWorkBook.Sheets[1]).SaveAs(tempxlsPath, Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlFileFormat.xlExcel7, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, false, false, false, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, true);

　　　　ObjWorkBook.Close(false, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
　　　　ObjExcel.Quit();
　　　　retmsg = KillSpecialExcel(ObjExcel);

　　[DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
　　static extern int GetWindowThreadProcessId(IntPtr hWnd, out int lpdwProcessId);
　　private string KillSpecialExcel(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application objExcel)
　　{
　　　　try
　　　　{
　　　　　　if (objExcel != null)
　　　　　　{
　　　　　　　　int lpdwProcessId;
　　　　　　　　GetWindowThreadProcessId(new IntPtr(objExcel.Hwnd), out lpdwProcessId);

　　　　　　　　System.Diagnostics.Process.GetProcessById(lpdwProcessId).Kill();
　　　　　　}
　　　　}
　　　　catch (Exception ex)
　　　　{
　　　　　　return "Delete Excel Process Error:" + ex.Message;
　　　　}
　　　　return "";
　　}

下面是 读取Excel完整代码：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.OleDb;
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

namespace ExcelLib
{
/// <summary>
/// 读取Excel文件到DataTable
/// </summary>
public class XlsRead
{
/// <summary>
/// 从Excel导入数据到DataTable
/// </summary>
/// <param name="xlsPath">xls文件路径</param>
/// <param name="sheetName">工作区名称,为空自动获取第一个</param>
/// <param name="needSaveAsExcel97">是否另存为标准Excel2003-97</param>
/// <param name="delxls">是否删除Excel文件</param>
/// <param name="retmsg">返回信息</param>
/// <returns>返回结果 DataTable</returns>
public DataTable GetDataTable(string xlsPath, string sheetName, bool needSaveAsExcel97, bool delxls, out string retmsg)
{
retmsg = "";

string tempxlsPath = xlsPath;

DataTable dtExcel = new DataTable();

if (needSaveAsExcel97)
{
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application ObjExcel = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook ObjWorkBook;

ObjWorkBook = ObjExcel.Workbooks.Open(xlsPath, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);


tempxlsPath = System.IO.Path.GetDirectoryName(xlsPath) + "\\" + DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString() + ".xls";

((Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)ObjWorkBook.Sheets[1]).SaveAs(tempxlsPath, Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlFileFormat.xlExcel7, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, false, false, false, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, true);

ObjWorkBook.Close(false, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
ObjExcel.Quit();
retmsg = KillSpecialExcel(ObjExcel);
}

OleDbConnection con = new OleDbConnection(GetConn(tempxlsPath));

//读取
try
{
con.Open();
}
catch
{
con.ConnectionString = GetConnACE(tempxlsPath);
try
{
con.Open();
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
retmsg = ex.Message;
return dtExcel;
}
}

if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(sheetName))
{
DataTable dtSheetName = con.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Tables, new object[] { null, null, null, "Table" });

sheetName = dtSheetName.Rows[0]["TABLE_NAME"].ToString();

if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(sheetName))
{
retmsg = "未找到数据源";
return dtExcel;
}
}

OleDbDataAdapter adapter = new OleDbDataAdapter("Select * from [" + sheetName + "]", con);
adapter.FillSchema(dtExcel, SchemaType.Mapped);
adapter.Fill(dtExcel);
con.Close();
dtExcel.TableName = sheetName;

if (dtExcel.Rows.Count == 0)
{
retmsg = "Excel无数据";

if (needSaveAsExcel97 && File.Exists(tempxlsPath))
{
File.Delete(tempxlsPath);
}
return dtExcel;
}
else
{
if (needSaveAsExcel97 && File.Exists(tempxlsPath))
{
File.Delete(tempxlsPath);
}
if (delxls && File.Exists(xlsPath))
{
File.Delete(xlsPath);
}
}
return dtExcel;
}

private string GetConn(string xlsPath)
{
if (!File.Exists(xlsPath))
{
return "指定的Excel文件不存在！";
}
return "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + xlsPath + ";Extended properties=\"Excel 8.0;IMEX=1;HDR=YES;\"";

}

private string GetConnACE(string xlsPath)
{
if (!File.Exists(xlsPath))
{
return "指定的Excel文件不存在！";
}
return "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source=" + xlsPath + ";Extended properties=\"Excel 8.0;IMEX=1;HDR=YES;\"";
}

[DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
static extern int GetWindowThreadProcessId(IntPtr hWnd, out int lpdwProcessId);
private string KillSpecialExcel(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application objExcel)
{
try
{
if (objExcel != null)
{
int lpdwProcessId;
GetWindowThreadProcessId(new IntPtr(objExcel.Hwnd), out lpdwProcessId);

System.Diagnostics.Process.GetProcessById(lpdwProcessId).Kill();
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
return "Delete Excel Process Error:" + ex.Message;
}
return "";
}
}
}

以下是 Excel 批量导出的代码，需要几个Dll，都包含在附件中：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.IO;
using System.Collections;
using org.in2bits.MyXls;
using ICSharpCode.SharpZipLib.Zip;
using iTextSharp.text;
using iTextSharp.text.pdf;
using System.Data;

namespace ExcelLib
{
/// <summary>
/// 导出EXCEL类
/// </summary>
public class XlsExport
{
private string tempPath = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.SetupInformation.ApplicationBase + "Temp" + Path.DirectorySeparatorChar;

/// <summary>
/// 构造函数,自动创建Temp文件夹
/// </summary>
public XlsExport()
{
if (!Directory.Exists(tempPath))
{
Directory.CreateDirectory(tempPath);
}
}

private string exportname = "";

/// <summary>
/// 枚举导出文件类型
/// </summary>
public enum FileType
{
/// <summary>
/// Excel文件
/// </summary>
xls=1,
/// <summary>
/// pdf文件
/// </summary>
pdf=2,
/// <summary>
/// txt文本文件
/// </summary>
txt=3,
/// <summary>
/// doc文档文件
/// </summary>
doc=4,
/// <summary>
/// html网页文件
/// </summary>
html=5
}

/// <summary>
/// 导出数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="dt">DataTable数据集</param>
/// <param name="ftype">文件类型</param>
/// <param name="fileName">导出文件名称 默认为时间Tick</param>
/// <returns>返回 文件路径</returns>
public string Export(DataTable dt, FileType ftype,string fileName)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fileName))
exportname = System.DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString();
else
exportname = fileName;

ArrayList inputlist = new ArrayList();
ArrayList thislist = new ArrayList();
for (int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
{
thislist.Add(dt.Columns[i].ColumnName);
}
inputlist.Add(thislist);

foreach (DataRow dr in dt.Rows)
{
thislist = new ArrayList();
for (int c = 0; c < dt.Columns.Count; c++)
{
thislist.Add(dr[dt.Columns[c].ColumnName].ToString());
}
inputlist.Add(thislist);
}
return Export(inputlist, ftype);
}

private string Export(ArrayList input, FileType ftype)
{
if ((int)ftype == 1)
{
return excelarraylist(input);
}
if ((int)ftype == 2)
{
return pdfarraylist(input);
}
if ((int)ftype == 3)
{
return txtarraylist(input);
}
if ((int)ftype == 4)
{
return docarraylist(input);
}
if ((int)ftype == 5)
{
return htmlarraylist(input);
}
return "";
}

private string excelarraylist(ArrayList input)//生成excel，每50000条数据生成一个xls文件，超过两个xls则打包为zip文件，只有一个xls则直接返回xls文件
{
ArrayList filelist = new ArrayList();
string strFullPathAndName = exportname + "_0.xls";

if(File.Exists(tempPath + strFullPathAndName))
{
return "Excel文件已存在。";
}

filelist.Add(strFullPathAndName);
XlsDocument xls = new XlsDocument();
xls.FileName = tempPath + strFullPathAndName;
Worksheet sheet = xls.Workbook.Worksheets.Add(exportname);//状态栏标题名称
Cells cells = sheet.Cells;
int col_length = 0;
int file_i = 0;
int count_i = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < input.Count; i++)
{
if (i % 50000 == 0 && i > 0)//达到50000个，生成下一个文件
{
xls.Save();
file_i++;
count_i = 0;
strFullPathAndName = exportname + "_" + file_i + ".xls";
filelist.Add(strFullPathAndName);
xls = new XlsDocument();
xls.FileName = tempPath + strFullPathAndName;
sheet = xls.Workbook.Worksheets.Add(exportname);//状态栏标题名称
cells = sheet.Cells;
col_length = 0;
}
ArrayList this_list = (ArrayList)input[i];
col_length = this_list.Count;
for (int j = 0; j < this_list.Count; j++)
{
Cell cell = cells.Add(count_i + 1, j + 1, this_list[j]);
if (i == 0)
{
cell.Font.Bold = true; //字体为粗体
cell.Pattern = 1;
cell.PatternColor = Colors.Silver;
cell.TopLineStyle = 2;
cell.TopLineColor = Colors.Black;
}
if (count_i == 0)
{
cell.LeftLineStyle = 2;
cell.LeftLineColor = Colors.Black;
}
if (count_i == input.Count - 1 || count_i == 50000 - 1)
{
cell.RightLineStyle = 2;
}
else
{
cell.RightLineStyle = 1;
}
cell.RightLineColor = Colors.Black;
if (count_i == input.Count - 1 || count_i == 50000 - 1)
{
cell.BottomLineStyle = 2;
cell.BottomLineColor = Colors.Black;
}
}
count_i++;
}
xls.Save();
if (filelist.Count == 1)//只有一个xls文件，直接返回xls文件
{
return tempPath + strFullPathAndName;
}
else//超过一个xls文件，打包生成zip文件
{
MemoryStream ms = null;
ms = new MemoryStream();
ZipOutputStream zos = new ZipOutputStream(ms);
string folder_name = DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString();
string filename = exportname + ".zip";
FileStream fileStreamOut = new FileStream(tempPath + filename, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write);
ZipOutputStream zipOutStream = new ZipOutputStream(fileStreamOut);
byte[] buffer = new byte[32];
for (int i = 0; i < filelist.Count; i++)
{
string SrcFile = tempPath + filelist[i].ToString();
FileStream fileStreamIn = new FileStream(SrcFile, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
ZipEntry entry = new ZipEntry(Path.GetFileName(SrcFile));
zipOutStream.PutNextEntry(entry);
int size;
do
{
size = fileStreamIn.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
zipOutStream.Write(buffer, 0, size);
} while (size > 0);
fileStreamIn.Close();
}
zos.Finish();
zos.Close();
zipOutStream.Close();
fileStreamOut.Close();
for (int i = 0; i < filelist.Count; i++)
{
File.Delete(tempPath + filelist[i].ToString());
}

return tempPath + filename;
//HttpContext.Current.Response.Buffer = true;
//HttpContext.Current.Response.Clear();//清除缓冲区所有内容
//HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentType = "application/octet-stream";
//HttpContext.Current.Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + filename);
//HttpContext.Current.Response.WriteFile(HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("tmp/" + filename));
//HttpContext.Current.Response.Flush();
//File.Delete(HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("tmp/" + filename));
//HttpContext.Current.Response.End();
}
}
private string pdfarraylist(ArrayList input)
{
if (!File.Exists(tempPath + "msyh.ttf"))
{
if (!File.Exists(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.SetupInformation.ApplicationBase + "msyh.ttf"))
return "导入失败,msyh.ttf文件不存在,将文件放于Temp目录下后重试！";
else
File.Copy(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.SetupInformation.ApplicationBase + "msyh.ttf", tempPath + "msyh.ttf");
}
try
{
string strFullPathAndName = exportname + ".pdf";
if (File.Exists(tempPath + strFullPathAndName))
{
return "pdf文件已存在。";
}
Document document = new Document();
PdfWriter.GetInstance(document, new FileStream(tempPath + strFullPathAndName, FileMode.Create));
document.Open();
BaseFont titleChinese = BaseFont.CreateFont(tempPath+"msyh.ttf", BaseFont.IDENTITY_H, BaseFont.EMBEDDED);
BaseFont commonChinese = BaseFont.CreateFont(tempPath + "msyh.ttf", BaseFont.IDENTITY_H, BaseFont.EMBEDDED);
iTextSharp.text.Font tChinese = new iTextSharp.text.Font(titleChinese, 12);
iTextSharp.text.Font cChinese = new iTextSharp.text.Font(commonChinese, 10);
document.Add(new Paragraph(exportname, tChinese));
//iTextSharp.text.Image jpeg = iTextSharp.text.Image.GetInstance(Server.MapPath("xxx.jpg"));
//document.Add(jpeg);
int colnum = 1;
ArrayList thislist = (ArrayList)input[0];
colnum = thislist.Count;
PdfPTable table = new PdfPTable(colnum);
for (int i = 0; i < input.Count; i++)
{
thislist = (ArrayList)input[i];
iTextSharp.text.Font thisfont = cChinese;
if (i == 0)
{
thisfont = tChinese;
}
for (int j = 0; j < thislist.Count; j++)
{
Phrase this_phrase = new Phrase(thislist[j].ToString(), thisfont);
iTextSharp.text.pdf.PdfPCell cell = new PdfPCell(this_phrase);
if (i == 0)
{
cell.HorizontalAlignment = Element.ALIGN_CENTER;
cell.BackgroundColor = BaseColor.GRAY;
}
table.AddCell(cell);
}
}
document.Add(table);
document.Close();

return tempPath + strFullPathAndName;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
return "导入失败:" + ex.Message;
}
}

private string txtarraylist(ArrayList input)
{
string strFullPathAndName = exportname + ".txt";
if (File.Exists(tempPath + strFullPathAndName))
{
return "txt文件已存在。";
}
StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(tempPath + strFullPathAndName, false, Encoding.UTF8);
for (int i = 0; i < input.Count; i++)
{
ArrayList thislist = (ArrayList)input[i];
string thisline = "";
for (int j = 0; j < thislist.Count; j++)
{
if (thisline != "")
{
thisline += '\t';
}
thisline += thislist[j].ToString();
}
writer.WriteLine(thisline);
}
writer.Close();

return tempPath + strFullPathAndName;

//string filename = HttpUtility.UrlEncode(exportname + ".txt", Encoding.UTF8);
//HttpContext.Current.Response.Buffer = true;
//HttpContext.Current.Response.Clear();//清除缓冲区所有内容
//HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentType = "application/octet-stream";
//HttpContext.Current.Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + filename);
//HttpContext.Current.Response.WriteFile(HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("tmp/" + strFullPathAndName));
//HttpContext.Current.Response.Flush();
//File.Delete(HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("tmp/" + strFullPathAndName));
//HttpContext.Current.Response.End();
}

private string docarraylist(ArrayList input)
{
string strFullPathAndName = exportname + ".doc";
if (File.Exists(tempPath + strFullPathAndName))
{
return "doc文件已存在。";
}
StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(tempPath + strFullPathAndName, false, Encoding.UTF8);
writer.WriteLine("<html>");
writer.WriteLine("<body style='font-size:12px'>");
writer.WriteLine("<table border='2' width='100%'>");
for (int i = 0; i < input.Count; i++)
{
ArrayList thislist = (ArrayList)input[i];
writer.WriteLine("<tr>");
for (int j = 0; j < thislist.Count; j++)
{
if (i == 0)
{
writer.WriteLine("<th>" + thislist[j].ToString() + "</th>");
}
else
{
writer.WriteLine("<td>" + thislist[j].ToString() + "</td>");
}

}
writer.WriteLine("</tr>");
}
writer.WriteLine("</table>");
writer.WriteLine("</body>");
writer.WriteLine("</html>");
writer.Close();
return tempPath + strFullPathAndName;

//string filename = HttpUtility.UrlEncode(exportname + ".doc", Encoding.UTF8);
//HttpContext.Current.Response.Buffer = true;
//HttpContext.Current.Response.Clear();//清除缓冲区所有内容
//HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentType = "application/octet-stream";
//HttpContext.Current.Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + filename);
//HttpContext.Current.Response.WriteFile(HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("tmp/" + strFullPathAndName));
//HttpContext.Current.Response.Flush();
//File.Delete(HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("tmp/" + strFullPathAndName));
//HttpContext.Current.Response.End();
}

private string htmlarraylist(ArrayList input)
{
string strFullPathAndName = exportname + ".html";
if (File.Exists(tempPath + strFullPathAndName))
{
return "html文件已存在。";
}
StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(tempPath + strFullPathAndName, false, Encoding.UTF8);
writer.WriteLine("<html>");
writer.WriteLine("<body style='font-size:12px'>");
writer.WriteLine("<table border='2' width='100%'>");
for (int i = 0; i < input.Count; i++)
{
ArrayList thislist = (ArrayList)input[i];
writer.WriteLine("<tr>");
for (int j = 0; j < thislist.Count; j++)
{
if (i == 0)
{
writer.WriteLine("<th>" + thislist[j].ToString() + "</th>");
}
else
{
writer.WriteLine("<td>" + thislist[j].ToString() + "</td>");
}

}
writer.WriteLine("</tr>");
}
writer.WriteLine("</table>");
writer.WriteLine("</body>");
writer.WriteLine("</html>");
writer.Close();
return tempPath + strFullPathAndName;
//string filename = HttpUtility.UrlEncode(exportname + ".html", Encoding.UTF8);
//HttpContext.Current.Response.Buffer = true;
//HttpContext.Current.Response.Clear();//清除缓冲区所有内容
//HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentType = "application/octet-stream";
//HttpContext.Current.Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + filename);
//HttpContext.Current.Response.WriteFile(HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("tmp/" + strFullPathAndName));
//HttpContext.Current.Response.Flush();
//File.Delete(HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("tmp/" + strFullPathAndName));
//HttpContext.Current.Response.End();
}
}
}

加个附件真麻烦，不过还是加上了。

ExcelLib.zip