XML、二进制、SOAP的序列化

目的

将对象序列化之后，可以以文件的形式保存下来。

区别

	XML	二进制	SOAP
序列化类	XmlSerializer	BinaryFormatter	SoapFormatter
SerializableAttribute 标记	不需要	需要	需要
ISerializable 接口	不需要	需要	需要
无参构造函数	必须有	不需要	不需要
被序列化的数据成员属性	public	all	all
序列化后的大小	中	小	大

实现

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Soap;
using System.Xml.Serialization;

namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main( string[] args )
        {
            SerializeByXml();
            SerializeByBinary();
            SerializeBySoap();
        }

        static void SerializeByXml()
        {
            string filePath = @"b:\XmlSerializer.dat";

            if( !File.Exists( filePath ) )
            {
                List<Product> list1 = new List<Product>();
                for( int i = 1; i <= 10; i++ )
                    list1.Add( new Product { ProductID = i, ProductName = "产品名称_xml_" + i } );

                XmlSerializer xsSerialize = new XmlSerializer(typeof (List<Product>));
                using( Stream fsWrite = new FileStream( filePath, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.None ) )
                {
                    xsSerialize.Serialize( fsWrite, list1 );
                    fsWrite.Close();
                }
            }

            List<Product> list2;
            XmlSerializer xsDeserialize = new XmlSerializer( typeof( List<Product> ) );
            using( Stream fsRead = new FileStream( filePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.None ) )
            {
                list2 = (List<Product>)xsDeserialize.Deserialize( fsRead );
                fsRead.Close();
            }
            foreach( Product p in list2 )
            {
                Console.WriteLine( p );
            }
        }

        static void SerializeByBinary()
        {
            string filePath = @"b:\BinarySerializer.dat";

            if( !File.Exists( filePath ) )
            {
                List<Product> list1 = new List<Product>();
                for( int i = 1; i <= 10; i++ )
                    list1.Add( new Product { ProductID = i, ProductName = "产品名称_binary_" + i } );

                BinaryFormatter xsSerialize = new BinaryFormatter();
                using( Stream fsWrite = new FileStream( filePath, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.None ) )
                {
                    xsSerialize.Serialize( fsWrite, list1 );
                    fsWrite.Close();
                }
            }

            List<Product> list2;
            BinaryFormatter xsDeserialize = new BinaryFormatter();
            using( Stream fsRead = new FileStream( filePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.None ) )
            {
                list2 = (List<Product>)xsDeserialize.Deserialize( fsRead );
                fsRead.Close();
            }
            foreach( Product p in list2 )
            {
                Console.WriteLine( p );
            }
        }

        static void SerializeBySoap()
        {
            string filePath = @"b:\SoapSerializer.dat";

            if( !File.Exists( filePath ) )
            {
                List<Product> list1 = new List<Product>();
                for( int i = 1; i <= 10; i++ )
                    list1.Add( new Product { ProductID = i, ProductName = "产品名称_soap_" + i } );

                SoapFormatter xsSerialize = new SoapFormatter();
                using( Stream fsWrite = new FileStream( filePath, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.None ) )
                {
                    xsSerialize.Serialize( fsWrite, list1.ToArray() );
                    fsWrite.Close();
                }
            }

            List<Product> list2;
            SoapFormatter xsDeserialize = new SoapFormatter();
            using( Stream fsRead = new FileStream( filePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.None ) )
            {
                list2 = new List<Product>( (Product[])xsDeserialize.Deserialize( fsRead ) );
                fsRead.Close();
            }
            foreach( Product p in list2 )
            {
                Console.WriteLine( p );
            }
        }
    }

    [Serializable]
    public class Product
    {
        public int ProductID { get; set; }
        public string ProductName { get; set; }

        public override string ToString()
        {
            return string.Format("ProductID:{0}\t\tProductName:{1}", ProductID, ProductName);
        }
    }
}

注意点

SOAP不能直接序列化List<T>这种类型的集合，但可以序列化数组[]，所以序列化List<T>.ToArray()对象；

反序列化时，先强制转换为数组，然后再用数组构造List<T>