查看ubuntu系统信息

xxx@xxx-pc:/tmp$ cat /etc/issue
elementary OS Freya 
 l

xxx@xxx-pc:/tmp$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID:    elementary OS
Description:    elementary OS Freya
Release:    0.3.2
Codename:    freya

xxx@xxx-pc:/tmp$ cat /proc/version
Linux version 3.19.0-26-generic (buildd@lgw01-04) (gcc version 4.8.2 (Ubuntu 4.8.2-19ubuntu1) ) #28~14.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Wed Aug 12 14:09:17 UTC 2015

内核版本：
xxx@xxx-pc:/tmp$ uname -r
3.19.0-26-generic

系统类型：
xxx@xxx-pc:~$ uname -m
x86_64

处理器类型：
xxx@xxx-pc:~$ uname -p
x86_64 

---

查看磁盘空间： 
xxx@xxx-pc:/tmp$ df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev 1.7G 4.0K 1.7G 1% /dev
tmpfs 351M 1.3M 350M 1% /run
/dev/sda8 93G 3.6G 85G 5% /
none 4.0K 0 4.0K 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
none 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
none 1.8G 54M 1.7G 4% /run/shm
none 100M 68K 100M 1% /run/user

查看目录大小：
xxx@xxx-pc:~$ du -sh .
27M    .

查看分区信息：
xxx@xxx-pc:~$ sudo fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders, total 1953525168 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xb3eaf9a7

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 230676479 115337216 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda2 230676480 660756479 215040000 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda3 660756480 1008916479 174080000 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda4 1008918526 1953523711 472302593 f W95 Ext'd (LBA)
Partition 4 does not start on physical sector boundary.
/dev/sda5 1008918528 1441505279 216293376 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda6 1646295040 1953523711 153614336 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda7 1441507328 1449318399 3905536 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda8 1449320448 1646292991 98486272 83 Linux

Partition table entries are not in disk order