一、内容
二、练习
练习1
题目:文件的增删改查
图示:
代码:
import os def add(data): content = data[1] # 文件内容 file_name = data[-1]# 文件名 with open(file_name,'r',encoding='utf-8') as f_read: lines = f_read.readlines() with open('b.txt','a',encoding='utf-8') as f_write: for line in lines: f_write.write(line) f_write.write(content) os.remove(file_name) os.rename('b.txt',file_name) with open('b.txt','w',encoding='utf-8') as f: pass def delete(data): content = data[1] # 文件内容 file_name = data[-1] # 文件名 with open(file_name,'r',encoding='utf-8') as f_read: lines = f_read.readlines() with open('b.txt','w',encoding='utf-8') as f_write: for line in lines: if content in line: continue f_write.write(line) os.remove(file_name) os.rename('b.txt',file_name) with open('b.txt','w',encoding='utf-8') as f: pass def change(data): content = data[1] file_name = data[-1] with open(file_name,'r',encoding='utf-8') as f_read: lines = f_read.readlines() with open('b.txt','w',encoding='utf-8') as f_write: user_change_content = input('Please enter new content:').strip() for line in lines: if content in line: f_write.write(user_change_content) f_write.write(' ') continue f_write.write(line) os.remove(file_name) os.rename('b.txt', file_name) with open('b.txt','w',encoding='utf-8') as f: pass def search(data): content = data[1] # 文件内容 file_name = data[-1]# 文件名 with open(file_name,'r',encoding='utf-8') as f: for i,line in enumerate(f,1): if content in line: print(i,line) user_dic = { 'add':add, 'delete':delete, 'change':change, 'search':search } while True: user = input('Please enter the command:').strip() user_l = user.split() # 将用户输入的命令进行切片,以空格为分隔符,得到一个列表 if len(user_l) != 3: # 当这个列表的参数小于3个提示用户缺少参数 print('Missing parameters or Content not found!') continue if not user or not user_l[0] in user_dic: # 当用户输入为空或列表的第一个参数不在字典user_dic里时提示用户无效的输入 print('Invalid input!') continue if user_l[0] in user_dic: # 当列表中的第一个元素在user_dic中时 if os.path.exists(user_l[-1]):# 当列表中的最后一个元素(即用户输入的文件名)存在时 user_dic[user_l[0]](user_l) # 调用相对应的函数功能,将列表当作实参进行传递 else: print('The file you want to operate does not exist,please try again.')
输出结果:
a.txt原文件:
1、增加
例:往a.txt文件后面增加字符串"xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"
输入:add xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx a.txt
输出结果:
2、删除
例:删除指定字符串的所在的行,如带有"knight"关键字的所在的行
输入:delete knight a.txt
输出结果:
3、更改
例:更改指定字符串所在的行,如将带有"knight"关键字所在的行更改为"xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"
输入:change knight a.txt,后再输入要更改的内容:xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
输出结果:
4、查找
例:查找包含有“knight”关键字的行并显示出行号来
输入:search knight a.txt
输出结果:
三、英语
1、file
[faɪl] n.文件
2、Directory
[dəˈrɛktəri; (also) daɪˈrɛktəri] n.目录
3、command
[kə'mænd] n.命令
4、import
['ɪmpɔt] vt.导入