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linux运维、架构之路-MHA高可用方案

转 http://www.cnblogs.com/yanxinjiang/p/8288925.html

linux运维、架构之路-MHA高可用方案

一、软件介绍

MHA(master high availability)目前是MySQL高可用方面是一个相对成熟的解决方案。在切换过程中，mha能做到0-30s内自动完成数据库的切换，并且在切换过程中最大的保持数据的一致性，以达到真正意义上的高可用

<strong>https://github.com/yotoobo/linux/tree/master/mha #学习资料</strong>　

1、MHA的组成：

MHA Manager(管理节点)和MHA Node(数据节点)。MHA Manager可以独立部署在一台独立的机器上，管理多个集群，也可以部署在从从库上。

当Master出现故障的时候，它可以自动将最新的数据的Slave提升为新的Master，然后将所有的Slave重新指向新的Master，整个故障转移过程是完全透明的

2、软件包工具介绍：

manager工具包包括：

masterha_check_ssh #检查MHA的SSH状况
masterha_check_repl #检查MySQL复制状况
masterha_manger #启动MHA
masterha_check_status #检测当前MHA运行状态
masterha_master_monitor #检测master是否宕机
masterha_master_switch #控制故障转移（自动或者手动）
masterha_conf_host #添加或删除配置的server信息
masterha_seconder_check #视图建立TCP连接从远程服务器
masterha_stop #停止MHA

node工具包(由manager自动调用执行)：

save_binary_logs #保存和复制master的二进制日志
apply_diff_relay_logs #识别差异的中继日志事件并将其差异的事件应用于其他的slave
filter_mysqlbinlog #去除不必要的ROLLBACK事件（MHA已不再使用这个工具）
purge_relay_logs #清除中继日志（不会阻塞SQL线程）

3、工作原理：

从宕机崩溃的master保存二进制日志事件；
识别含有最新的slave；
应用差异的中继日志(relay log)到其他的slave；
应用从master保存的二进制日志事件；
提升一个slave为新的master；
使其他的slave连接新的master进行复制

二、MHA方案部署

1、环境

db01

[root@db01 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS release 6.9 (Final)
[root@db01 ~]# uname -r
2.6.32-696.el6.x86_64
[root@db01 ~]# /etc/init.d/iptables status
iptables: Firewall is not running.
[root@db01 ~]# getenforce 
Disabled
[root@db01 ~]# hostname -I
172.19.5.51 
[root@db01 ~]# ll /application/
total 4
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root  root    26 2018-01-15 11:59 mysql -> /application/mysql-5.6.36/
drwxr-xr-x 14 mysql mysql 4096 2018-01-15 12:00 mysql-5.6.36 #使用MySQL5.6.36版本

db02、db03除IP地址不一样，其它环境统一

[root@db02 ~]# hostname -I
172.19.5.52
[root@db03 ~]# hostname -I
172.19.5.53

2、配置主从(使用Gtid)

①db01(master)配置

[root@db01 ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf 
[client]
user=root 
password=123456

[mysqld]
log_bin=mysql-bin#开启log_bin
server_id = 1  #三台MySQL的server_id不同
gtid_mode = ON #开启gtid功能
enforce_gtid_consistency
log-slave-updates 
relay_log_purge = 0#关闭自动删除relay功能

②db02(slave)配置

[root@db02 ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf 
[client]
user=root
password=123456

[mysqld]
log_bin=mysql-bin
server_id = 2
gtid_mode = ON
enforce_gtid_consistency
log-slave-updates
relay_log_purge = 0

③db03(slave)配置

[root@db03 ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf 
[client]
user=root
password=123456

[mysqld]
log_bin=mysql-bin
server_id = 3
gtid_mode = ON
enforce_gtid_consistency
log-slave-updates
relay_log_purge = 0

④重启db01、db02、db03，所有库执行授权主从复制用户

grant replication slave on *.* to rep@'172.19.5.%' identified by '123456';

⑤从库db02、db03执行change master

change master to master_host='172.19.5.51',master_user='rep',master_password='123456',master_auto_position=1;start slave;show slave statusG#查看主从复制状态

主从复制配置完毕

3、安装MHA(所有节点都执行)

①安装依赖

rpm -ivh http://mirrors.yun-idc.com/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
yum install perl-DBD-MySQL -y
yum install -y perl-Config-Tiny epel-release perl-Log-Dispatch perl-Parallel-ForkManager perl-Time-HiRes

②授权MHA管理用户

grant all privileges on *.* to mha@'172.19.5.%' identified by 'mha';

③安装MHA节点包

cd /server/tools/
#上传mha4mysql-node-0.56-0.el6.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh mha4mysql-node-0.56-0.el6.noarch.rpm

④创建命令软链接(mha调用mysql命令默认在/usr/bin下面,不做此步mha会报错)

ln -s /application/mysql/bin/mysqlbinlog /usr/bin/mysqlbinlog
ln -s /application/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql

挑选一台节点安装MHA管理端，这里选择db03

[root@db03 tools]# rpm -ivh mha4mysql-manager-0.56-0.el6.noarch.rpm #只在db03上面安装管理端
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:mha4mysql-manager      ########################################### [100%]

4、配置MHA(只在管理端执行db03)

①创建MHA配置文件、日志存放目录

[root@db03 ~]# mkdir /etc/mha -p
[root@db03 ~]# mkdir /var/log/mha/app1 -p

②创建MHA配置文件

[root@db03 ~]# cat /etc/mha/app1.cnf 
[server default]
manager_log=/var/log/mha/app1/manager
manager_workdir=/var/log/mha/app1
master_binlog_dir=/application/mysql/data
user=mha
password=mha
ping_interval=2
repl_password=123456
repl_user=rep
ssh_user=root
 
[server1]
hostname=172.19.5.51
port=3306
 
[server2]
hostname=172.19.5.52
port=3306
 
[server3]
hostname=172.19.5.53
port=3306

③配置文件说明

[server default]
#设置manager的工作目录
manager_workdir=/var/log/masterha/app1
#设置manager的日志
manager_log=/var/log/masterha/app1/manager.log
#设置master 保存binlog的位置，以便MHA可以找到master的日志，我这里的也就是mysql的数据目录
master_binlog_dir=/data/mysql
#设置自动failover时候的切换脚本
master_ip_failover_script= /usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover
#设置手动切换时候的切换脚本
master_ip_online_change_script= /usr/local/bin/master_ip_online_change
#设置mysql中root用户的密码，这个密码是前文中创建监控用户的那个密码
password=123456
#设置监控用户root
user=root
#设置监控主库，发送ping包的时间间隔，尝试三次没有回应的时候自动进行failover
ping_interval=1
#设置远端mysql在发生切换时binlog的保存位置
remote_workdir=/tmp
#设置复制用户的密码
repl_password=123456
#设置复制环境中的复制用户名
repl_user=rep
#设置发生切换后发送的报警的脚本
report_script=/usr/local/send_report
#一旦MHA到server02的监控之间出现问题，MHA Manager将会尝试从server03登录到server02
secondary_check_script= /usr/local/bin/masterha_secondary_check -s server03 -s server02 --user=root --master_host=server02 --master_ip=192.168.0.50 --master_port=3306
#设置故障发生后关闭故障主机脚本（该脚本的主要作用是关闭主机放在发生脑裂,这里没有使用）
shutdown_script=""
#设置ssh的登录用户名
ssh_user=root
  
[server1]
hostname=172.19.5.51
port=3306
  
[server2]
hostname=172.19.5.52
port=3306
#设置为候选master，如果设置该参数以后，发生主从切换以后将会将此从库提升为主库，即使这个主库不是集群中事件最新的slave
candidate_master=1
#默认情况下如果一个slave落后master 100M的relay logs的话，MHA将不会选择该slave作为一个新的master，因为对于这个slave的恢复需要花费很长时间，通过设置check_repl_delay=0,MHA触发切换在选择一个新的master的时候将会忽略复制延时，这个参数对于设置了candidate_master=1的主机非常有用，因为这个候选主在切换的过程中一定是新的master
check_repl_delay=0

5、配置MHA节点间的免ssh认证

①db01、db02、db03都执行

ssh-keygen -t dsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_dsa
ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub root@172.19.5.51
ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub root@172.19.5.52
ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub root@172.19.5.53

②db03上面测试ssh连通性

masterha_check_ssh --conf=/etc/mha/app1.cnf
Mon Jan 15 15:38:01 2018 - [debug]  Connecting via SSH from root@172.19.5.53(172.19.5.53:22) to root@172.19.5.51(172.19.5.51:22)..
Mon Jan 15 15:38:01 2018 - [debug]   ok.
Mon Jan 15 15:38:01 2018 - [debug]  Connecting via SSH from root@172.19.5.53(172.19.5.53:22) to root@172.19.5.52(172.19.5.52:22)..
Mon Jan 15 15:38:01 2018 - [debug]   ok.
Mon Jan 15 15:38:02 2018 - [info] All SSH connection tests passed successfully.

③db03检查主从复制状态

masterha_check_repl --conf=/etc/mha/app1.cnf
Mon Jan 15 15:39:51 2018 - [info] Checking replication health on 172.19.5.52..
Mon Jan 15 15:39:51 2018 - [info]  ok.
Mon Jan 15 15:39:51 2018 - [info] Checking replication health on 172.19.5.53..
Mon Jan 15 15:39:51 2018 - [info]  ok.
Mon Jan 15 15:39:51 2018 - [warning] master_ip_failover_script is not defined.
Mon Jan 15 15:39:51 2018 - [warning] shutdown_script is not defined.
Mon Jan 15 15:39:51 2018 - [info] Got exit code 0 (Not master dead).

MySQL Replication Health is OK.

6、启动MHA

①启动MHA服务

nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/app1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover < /dev/null > /var/log/mha/app1/manager.log 2>&1 &

②查看MHA进程

[root@db03 ~]# ps -ef|grep mha
root      9305  1003  0 15:41 pts/0    00:00:00 perl /usr/bin/masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/app1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover

③MHA日志文件

[root@db03 ~]# tail -f /var/log/mha/app1/manager
172.19.5.51(172.19.5.51:3306) (current master)
 +--172.19.5.52(172.19.5.52:3306)
 +--172.19.5.53(172.19.5.53:3306)

Mon Jan 15 15:41:09 2018 - [warning] master_ip_failover_script is not defined.
Mon Jan 15 15:41:09 2018 - [warning] shutdown_script is not defined.
Mon Jan 15 15:41:09 2018 - [info] Set master ping interval 2 seconds.
Mon Jan 15 15:41:09 2018 - [warning] secondary_check_script is not defined. It is highly recommended setting it to check master reachability from two or more routes.
Mon Jan 15 15:41:09 2018 - [info] Starting ping health check on 172.19.5.51(172.19.5.51:3306)..
Mon Jan 15 15:41:09 2018 - [info] Ping(SELECT) succeeded, waiting until MySQL doesn't respond..

7、模拟主库db01宕机进行测试

①关闭主库db01

[root@db01 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL...... SUCCESS!

②MHA管理端查看日志

[root@db03 ~]# tail -f /var/log/mha/app1/manager
Master 172.19.5.51(172.19.5.51:3306) is down!

Check MHA Manager logs at db03:/var/log/mha/app1/manager for details.

Started automated(non-interactive) failover.
Selected 172.19.5.52(172.19.5.52:3306) as a new master.
172.19.5.52(172.19.5.52:3306): OK: Applying all logs succeeded.
172.19.5.53(172.19.5.53:3306): OK: Slave started, replicating from 172.19.5.52(172.19.5.52:3306)
172.19.5.52(172.19.5.52:3306): Resetting slave info succeeded.
Master failover to 172.19.5.52(172.19.5.52:3306) completed successfully.#提示已经切换到172.19.5.52这台机子上面了

③登录db03查看主从复制状态

mysql> show slave statusG
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 172.19.5.52
                  Master_User: rep
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1351
               Relay_Log_File: db03-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 960
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

到此，数据库故障切换成功，当数据库宕机后，MHA的配置文件中会自动把宕掉的这台数据库server标签去掉，故障恢复后需要手动再次做主从

[root@db03 ~]# grep -i "change master " /var/log/mha/app1/manager #这里可以快速找到主从复制命令
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='172.19.5.52', MASTER_PORT=3306, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_USER='rep', MASTER_PASSWORD='xxx';

④启动db01，手动做主从

[root@db01 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!

登录数据库

CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='172.19.5.52', MASTER_PORT=3306, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_USER='rep', MASTER_PASSWORD='123456';
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> show slave statusG
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 172.19.5.52
                  Master_User: rep
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1351
               Relay_Log_File: db01-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 960
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

******MHA切换是从所有从库中找一台binlog最新的提升为主库

如果想指定某一台配置好的服务器为主的话，可以在MHA配置文件里增加参数，这样会导致数据丢失

/etc/mha/app1.cnf
......
[server3]
candidate_master=1 #优先提升为主库
check_repl_delay=0 #忽略复制延迟
hostname=172.19.5.53
port=3306

8、配置binlog-server

如果主从还没有完成binlog的传输就宕机了，那么有一部分数据就可能丢失，开启MHA备份binlog功能

①修改配置文件

[root@db03 ~]# cat /etc/mha/app1.cnf 
[server default]
manager_log=/var/log/mha/app1/manager
manager_workdir=/var/log/mha/app1
master_binlog_dir=/application/mysql/data
password=mha
ping_interval=2
repl_password=123456
repl_user=rep
ssh_user=root
user=mha

[server1]
hostname=172.19.5.51
port=3306

[server2]
hostname=172.19.5.52
port=3306

[server3]
hostname=172.19.5.53
port=3306

#增加如下参数#
[binlog1]
no_master=1
hostname=172.19.5.53
master_binlog_dir=/data/mysql/binlog/

②创建存放binlog的目录

[root@db03 ~]# mkdir /data/mysql/binlog/ -p
[root@db03 ~]# cd /data/mysql/binlog/
[root@db03 binlog]# mysqlbinlog  -R --host=172.19.5.52 --user=mha --password=mha --raw --stop-never mysql-bin.000001 &

#这里--host是主库的ip地址，mysql-bin.000001是MHA配置文件中定义的binlog文件名

[root@db03 binlog]# ll
total 4
-rw-rw---- 1 root root 1148 2018-01-15 16:22 mysql-bin.000001

③在主库db02上面刷新binlog

[root@db02 ~]# mysqladmin flush-logs
#db03上面再次查看
[root@db03 binlog]# ll
total 8
-rw-rw---- 1 root root 1398 2018-01-15 16:29 mysql-bin.000001
-rw-rw---- 1 root root  120 2018-01-15 16:29 mysql-bin.000002

三、配置主库VIP漂移

1、准备脚本

[root@db03 ~]# vim /usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover
#!/usr/bin/env perl
use strict;
use warnings FATAL => 'all';
use Getopt::Long;
 
my (
    $command,          $ssh_user,        $orig_master_host, $orig_master_ip,
    $orig_master_port, $new_master_host, $new_master_ip,    $new_master_port
);
 
my $vip = '172.19.5.55/24';#高可用VIP
#此处配置在eth0:1上面，如果是其它请自行修改配置文件
my $key = '1';
my $ssh_start_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig eth0:$key $vip";
my $ssh_stop_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig eth0:$key down";
 
GetOptions(
    'command=s'          => $command,
    'ssh_user=s'         => $ssh_user,
    'orig_master_host=s' => $orig_master_host,
    'orig_master_ip=s'   => $orig_master_ip,
    'orig_master_port=i' => $orig_master_port,
    'new_master_host=s'  => $new_master_host,
    'new_master_ip=s'    => $new_master_ip,
    'new_master_port=i'  => $new_master_port,
);
 
exit &main();
 
sub main {
 
    print "

IN SCRIPT TEST====$ssh_stop_vip==$ssh_start_vip===

";
 
    if ( $command eq "stop" || $command eq "stopssh" ) {
 
        my $exit_code = 1;
        eval {
            print "Disabling the VIP on old master: $orig_master_host 
";
            &stop_vip();
            $exit_code = 0;
        };
        if ($@) {
            warn "Got Error: $@
";
            exit $exit_code;
        }
        exit $exit_code;
    }
    elsif ( $command eq "start" ) {
 
        my $exit_code = 10;
        eval {
            print "Enabling the VIP - $vip on the new master - $new_master_host 
";
            &start_vip();
            $exit_code = 0;
        };
        if ($@) {
            warn $@;
            exit $exit_code;
        }
        exit $exit_code;
    }
    elsif ( $command eq "status" ) {
        print "Checking the Status of the script.. OK 
";
        exit 0;
    }
    else {
        &usage();
        exit 1;
    }
}
 
sub start_vip() {
    `ssh $ssh_user@$new_master_host " $ssh_start_vip "`;
}
sub stop_vip() {
     return 0  unless  ($ssh_user);
    `ssh $ssh_user@$orig_master_host " $ssh_stop_vip "`;
}
 
sub usage {
    print
    "Usage: master_ip_failover --command=start|stop|stopssh|status --orig_master_host=host --orig_master_ip=ip --orig_master_port=port --new_master_host=host --new_master_ip=ip --new_master_port=port
";
}

2、将上述脚本加入到MHA配置文件中

[root@db03 ~]# cat /etc/mha/app1.cnf 
[server default]
manager_log=/var/log/mha/app1/manager
manager_workdir=/var/log/mha/app1
master_binlog_dir=/application/mysql/data
master_ip_failover_script=/usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover #此处为增加参数内容
password=mha
ping_interval=2
repl_password=123456
repl_user=rep
ssh_user=root
user=mha
#……省略若干行……#

为脚本增加执行权限

chmod +x /usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover

3、主库db02手工绑定VIP

[root@db02 ~]# ifconfig eth0:1 172.19.5.55/24
[root@db02 ~]# ip a|grep 172.19
    inet 172.19.5.52/24 brd 172.19.5.255 scope global eth0
    inet 172.19.5.55/24 scope global secondary eth0

4、重启MHA管理端

①停止MHA

[root@db03 ~]# masterha_stop --conf=/etc/mha/app1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover < /dev/null > /var/log/mha/app1/manager.log 2>&1

②启动MHA

nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/app1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover < /dev/null > /var/log/mha/app1/manager.log 2>&1 &

③模拟主库db02宕机

[root@db02 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL...... SUCCESS!

④查看MHA管理端日志

[root@db03 ~]# tail -f /var/log/mha/app1/manager
Check MHA Manager logs at db03:/var/log/mha/app1/manager for details.

Started automated(non-interactive) failover.
Invalidated master IP address on 172.19.5.52(172.19.5.52:3306)
Selected 172.19.5.51(172.19.5.51:3306) as a new master.
172.19.5.51(172.19.5.51:3306): OK: Applying all logs succeeded.
172.19.5.51(172.19.5.51:3306): OK: Activated master IP address.
172.19.5.53(172.19.5.53:3306): OK: Slave started, replicating from 172.19.5.51(172.19.5.51:3306)
172.19.5.51(172.19.5.51:3306): Resetting slave info succeeded.
Master failover to 172.19.5.51(172.19.5.51:3306) completed successfully. #主库又切换到了172.19.5.51上面，也就是db01

登录数据库查看主从状态

mysql> show slave statusG
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 172.19.5.51
                  Master_User: rep
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 696
               Relay_Log_File: db03-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 408
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

⑤db01上面查看vip

[root@db01 ~]# ip a|grep 172.19.5.55
    inet 172.19.5.55/24 brd 172.19.5.255 scope global secondary eth0:1

四、MySQL读写分离Atlas

1、Atlas优点

①将主流程中的所有Lua代码用C重写，Lua仅用于管理接口；
②重写网络模型，线程模型；
③实现了真正意义上的连接池；
④优化了锁机制，性能提高了数十倍

<strong>https://github.com/Qihoo360/Atlas/releases #学习资料</strong>

2、部署Atlas

atlas部署在mha的管理节点db03上面,这样可以部署高可用防止单点故障

①部署环境

172.19.5.51  db01#主库
172.19.5.52  db02#从库
172.19.5.53  db03#从库-MHA管理端

②安装

[root@db03 tools]# cd /server/tools/
[root@db03 tools]# rpm -ivh Atlas-2.2.1.el6.x86_64.rpm 
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:Atlas                  ########################################### [100%]

③安装目录文件说明

[root@db03 ~]# ll /usr/local/mysql-proxy/
total 16
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2018-01-16 10:15 bin  #可执行文件
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2018-01-16 10:32 conf #代理配置文件，test.cnf
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 2018-01-16 10:15 lib  #Atlas依赖库
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2018-01-16 10:34 log  #日志文件目录

bin目录下文件

[root@db03 ~]# ls /usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/
total 44
encrypt      #生成MySQL密码加密时使用
mysql-proxy  #MySQL自己开发出来的读写分离代理
mysql-proxyd #360开发出来的，控制服务的启动、重启、停止，以及执行配置文件conf/test.cnf

④创建加密密码

[root@db03 ~]# /usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/encrypt 123456
/iZxz+0GRoA=

⑤Atlas代理配置文件

[root@db03 ~]# cat /usr/local/mysql-proxy/conf/test.cnf 
[mysql-proxy]
admin-username = altas
admin-password = 123456
proxy-backend-addresses = 172.19.5.55:3306  
proxy-read-only-backend-addresses = 172.19.5.52:3306,172.19.5.53:3306 
pwds = atlas:/iZxz+0GRoA=
daemon = true
keepalive = true
event-threads = 8
log-level = message
log-path = /usr/local/mysql-proxy/log
sql-log = REALTIME
proxy-address = 0.0.0.0:1234
admin-address = 0.0.0.0:2345
charset = utf8

配置文件说明

[mysql-proxy]
admin-username = user #管理端用户名
admin-password = pwd  #管理端密码
proxy-backend-addresses = 172.19.5.51:3306 #主库,这里优于之前的数据库配置到了3306，这里如果修改的话，工作量大，工作这里一般不配置3306，要把3306让给atlas使用
proxy-read-only-backend-addresses = 172.19.5.52:3306,172.19.5.53:3306 #从库，可以写多个
pwds = atlas:/iZxz+0GRoA= #管理数据的用户名和密码，也可配置多个
daemon = true
keepalive = true
event-threads = 32
log-level = message
log-path = /usr/local/mysql-proxy/log
sql-log = true
proxy-address = 0.0.0.0:3305 #这里应该是3306，为了程序方便，直连3306，让atlas连接3307，生产环境可以替换
admin-address = 0.0.0.0:2345 #管理员端
charset = utf8

⑥启动Atlas服务

[root@db03 mysql-proxy]# /usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxyd test start
OK: MySQL-Proxy of test is started

⑦db01、db02、db03都执行授权MHA

grant all privileges on *.* to mha@'%' identified by '123456';

⑧管理端db03登录

[root@db03 ~]# mysql -ualtas -p123456 -h 127.0.0.1 -P2345
mysql> select * from backends;
+-------------+------------------+-------+------+
| backend_ndx | address          | state | type |
+-------------+------------------+-------+------+
|           1 | 172.19.5.51:3306 | up    | rw   |
|           2 | 172.19.5.52:3306 | up    | ro   |
|           3 | 172.19.5.53:3306 | up    | ro   |
+-------------+------------------+-------+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

3、宕机故障分析

①主库宕机后，需要执行脚本从连接池拆除主库

[root@db03 ~]# cat /usr/local/bin/remove_master.sh 
#!/bin/bash
MysqlLogin="mysql -uatlas -p123456 -h127.0.0.1 -P2345" 
NEW_MASTER_HOST=`ssh 172.19.5.53 tail -1 /var/log/mha/app1/manager|awk -F "[ (]" '{print $11}'` &>/dev/null
RO_NUM=`$MysqlLogin -e 'SELECT * FROM backends' |grep "$NEW_MASTER_HOST" |awk '{print $1}'` &>/dev/null
$MysqlLogin -e "REMOVE BACKEND $RO_NUM" &>/dev/null
$MysqlLogin -e 'SAVE CONFIG' &>/dev/null
echo "`date +%F_%T` $NEW_MASTER_HOST is become master, remove it in atlas." &>>/var/log/remove_ro.log

②/usr/local/bin/remove_master.sh脚本中套用拆除脚本

......
     elsif ( $command eq "start" ) {
 
         my $exit_code = 10;
         eval {
             print "Enabling the VIP - $vip on the new master - $new_master_host 
";
             &start_vip();
                 `/bin/sh /usr/local/bin/remove_master.sh`; #新插入的一行
             $exit_code = 0;
         };
         if ($@) {
             warn $@;
             exit $exit_code;
         }
         exit $exit_code;
     }
 
......

③模拟主库db01宕机，在管理端查看日志分析

[root@db01 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL..... SUCCESS!

[root@db03 ~]# tail -F /var/log/remove_ro.log
tail: cannot open `/var/log/remove_ro.log' for reading: No such file or directory

tail: `/var/log/remove_ro.log' has become accessible
2018-01-16_11:45:22 172.19.5.52 is become master, remove it in atlas.#从连接池移除掉了主库db01

④管理端db03登录查看

[root@db03 ~]# mysql -ualtas -p123456 -h 127.0.0.1 -P2345
mysql> select * from backends;
+-------------+------------------+-------+------+
| backend_ndx | address          | state | type |
+-------------+------------------+-------+------+
|           1 | 172.19.5.52:3306 | up    | rw   |
|           2 | 172.19.5.53:3306 | up    | ro   |
+-------------+------------------+-------+------+

成功最有效的方法就是向有经验的人学习！

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/fyy-hhzzj/p/9041919.html