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  • SQL数据库面试题以及答案

     

    Student(S#,Sname,Sage,Ssex) 学生表       S#:学号;Sname:学生姓名;Sage:学生年龄;Ssex:学生性别
    Course(C#,Cname,T#) 课程表                    C#,课程编号;Cname:课程名字;T#:教师编号
    SC(S#,C#,score) 成绩表                             S#:学号;C#,课程编号;score:成绩
    Teacher(T#,Tname) 教师表                        T#:教师编号; Tname:教师名字

    问题:
    1、查询“001”课程比“002”课程成绩高的所有学生的学号;
      select a.S# from (select s#,score from SC where C#='001') a,(select s#,score
      from SC where C#='002') b
      where a.score>b.score and a.s#=b.s#;
    2、查询平均成绩大于60分的同学的学号和平均成绩;
        select S#,avg(score)
        from sc
        group by S# having avg(score) >60;
    3、查询所有同学的学号、姓名、选课数、总成绩;
      select Student.S#,Student.Sname,count(SC.C#),sum(score)
      from Student left Outer join SC on Student.S#=SC.S#
      group by Student.S#,Sname
    4、查询姓“李”的老师的个数;
      select count(distinct(Tname))
      from Teacher
      where Tname like '李%';
    5、查询没学过“叶平”老师课的同学的学号、姓名;
        select Student.S#,Student.Sname
        from Student 
        where S# not in (select distinct( SC.S#) from SC,Course,Teacher where SC.C#=Course.C# and Teacher.T#=Course.T#  and Teacher.Tname='叶平');
    6、查询学过“001”并且也学过编号“002”课程的同学的学号、姓名;
      select Student.S#,Student.Sname from Student,SC where Student.S#=SC.S# and SC.C#='001'and exists( Select * from SC as SC_2 where SC_2.S#=SC.S# and SC_2.C#='002');
    7、查询学过“叶平”老师所教的所有课的同学的学号、姓名;
      select S#,Sname
      from Student
      where S# in (select S# from SC ,Course ,Teacher where SC.C#=Course.C# and Teacher.T#=Course.T# and Teacher.Tname='叶平' group by S# having count(SC.C#)=(select count(C#) from Course,Teacher  where Teacher.T#=Course.T# and Tname='叶平'));
    8、查询课程编号“002”的成绩比课程编号“001”课程低的所有同学的学号、姓名;
      Select S#,Sname from (select Student.S#,Student.Sname,score ,(select score from SC SC_2 where SC_2.S#=Student.S# and SC_2.C#='002') score2
      from Student,SC where Student.S#=SC.S# and C#='001') S_2 where score2 <score;
    9、查询所有课程成绩小于60分的同学的学号、姓名;
      select S#,Sname
      from Student
      where S# not in (select Student.S# from Student,SC where S.S#=SC.S# and score>60);
    10、查询没有学全所有课的同学的学号、姓名;
        select Student.S#,Student.Sname
        from Student,SC
        where Student.S#=SC.S# group by  Student.S#,Student.Sname having count(C#) <(select count(C#) from Course);

    11、查询至少有一门课与学号为“1001”的同学所学相同的同学的学号和姓名;
        select S#,Sname from Student,SC where Student.S#=SC.S# and C# in select C# from SC where S#='1001';
    12、查询至少学过学号为“001”同学所有一门课的其他同学学号和姓名;
        select distinct SC.S#,Sname
        from Student,SC
        where Student.S#=SC.S# and C# in (select C# from SC where S#='001');
    13、把“SC”表中“叶平”老师教的课的成绩都更改为此课程的平均成绩;
        update SC set score=(select avg(SC_2.score)
        from SC SC_2
        where SC_2.C#=SC.C# ) from Course,Teacher where Course.C#=SC.C# and Course.T#=Teacher.T# and Teacher.Tname='叶平');
    14、查询和“1002”号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学学号和姓名;
        select S# from SC where C# in (select C# from SC where S#='1002')
        group by S# having count(*)=(select count(*) from SC where S#='1002');
    15、删除学习“叶平”老师课的SC表记录;
        Delect SC
        from course ,Teacher 
        where Course.C#=SC.C# and Course.T#= Teacher.T# and Tname='叶平';
    16、向SC表中插入一些记录,这些记录要求符合以下条件:没有上过编号“003”课程的同学学号、2、
        号课的平均成绩;
        Insert SC select S#,'002',(Select avg(score)
        from SC where C#='002') from Student where S# not in (Select S# from SC where C#='002');
    17、按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的“数据库”、“企业管理”、“英语”三门的课程成绩,按如下形式显示: 学生ID,,数据库,企业管理,英语,有效课程数,有效平均分
        SELECT S# as 学生ID
            ,(SELECT score FROM SC WHERE SC.S#=t.S# AND C#='004') AS 数据库
            ,(SELECT score FROM SC WHERE SC.S#=t.S# AND C#='001') AS 企业管理
            ,(SELECT score FROM SC WHERE SC.S#=t.S# AND C#='006') AS 英语
            ,COUNT(*) AS 有效课程数, AVG(t.score) AS 平均成绩
        FROM SC AS t
        GROUP BY S#
        ORDER BY avg(t.score) 
    18、查询各科成绩最高和最低的分:以如下形式显示:课程ID,最高分,最低分
        SELECT L.C# As 课程ID,L.score AS 最高分,R.score AS 最低分
        FROM SC L ,SC AS R
        WHERE L.C# = R.C# and
            L.score = (SELECT MAX(IL.score)
                          FROM SC AS IL,Student AS IM
                          WHERE L.C# = IL.C# and IM.S#=IL.S#
                          GROUP BY IL.C#)
            AND
            R.Score = (SELECT MIN(IR.score)
                          FROM SC AS IR
                          WHERE R.C# = IR.C#
                      GROUP BY IR.C#
                        );
    19、按各科平均成绩从低到高和及格率的百分数从高到低顺序
        SELECT t.C# AS 课程号,max(course.Cname)AS 课程名,isnull(AVG(score),0) AS 平均成绩
            ,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN  isnull(score,0)>=60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/COUNT(*) AS 及格百分数
        FROM SC T,Course
        where t.C#=course.C#
        GROUP BY t.C#
        ORDER BY 100 * SUM(CASE WHEN  isnull(score,0)>=60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/COUNT(*) DESC
    20、查询如下课程平均成绩和及格率的百分数(用"1行"显示): 企业管理(001),马克思(002),OO&UML (003),数据库(004)
        SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN C# ='001' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE C# WHEN '001' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 企业管理平均分
            ,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '001' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '001' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 企业管理及格百分数
            ,SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '002' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE C# WHEN '002' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 马克思平均分
            ,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '002' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '002' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 马克思及格百分数
            ,SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '003' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE C# WHEN '003' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS UML平均分
            ,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '003' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '003' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS UML及格百分数
            ,SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '004' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE C# WHEN '004' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 数据库平均分
            ,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '004' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '004' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 数据库及格百分数
      FROM SC
    21、查询不同老师所教不同课程平均分从高到低显示
      SELECT max(Z.T#) AS 教师ID,MAX(Z.Tname) AS 教师姓名,C.C# AS 课程ID,MAX(C.Cname) AS 课程名称,AVG(Score) AS 平均成绩
        FROM SC AS T,Course AS C ,Teacher AS Z
        where T.C#=C.C# and C.T#=Z.T#
      GROUP BY C.C#
      ORDER BY AVG(Score) DESC
    22、查询如下课程成绩第 3 名到第 6 名的学生成绩单:企业管理(001),马克思(002),UML (003),数据库(004)
        [学生ID],[学生姓名],企业管理,马克思,UML,数据库,平均成绩
        SELECT  DISTINCT top 3
          SC.S# As 学生学号,
            Student.Sname AS 学生姓名 ,
          T1.score AS 企业管理,
          T2.score AS 马克思,
          T3.score AS UML,
          T4.score AS 数据库,
          ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0) as 总分
          FROM Student,SC  LEFT JOIN SC AS T1
                          ON SC.S# = T1.S# AND T1.C# = '001'
                LEFT JOIN SC AS T2
                          ON SC.S# = T2.S# AND T2.C# = '002'
                LEFT JOIN SC AS T3
                          ON SC.S# = T3.S# AND T3.C# = '003'
                LEFT JOIN SC AS T4
                          ON SC.S# = T4.S# AND T4.C# = '004'
          WHERE student.S#=SC.S# and
          ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0)
          NOT IN
          (SELECT
                DISTINCT
                TOP 15 WITH TIES
                ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0)
          FROM sc
                LEFT JOIN sc AS T1
                          ON sc.S# = T1.S# AND T1.C# = 'k1'
                LEFT JOIN sc AS T2
                          ON sc.S# = T2.S# AND T2.C# = 'k2'
                LEFT JOIN sc AS T3
                          ON sc.S# = T3.S# AND T3.C# = 'k3'
                LEFT JOIN sc AS T4
                          ON sc.S# = T4.S# AND T4.C# = 'k4'
          ORDER BY ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0) DESC);

    23、统计列印各科成绩,各分数段人数:课程ID,课程名称,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[ <60]
        SELECT SC.C# as 课程ID, Cname as 课程名称
            ,SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 85 AND 100 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [100 - 85]
            ,SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 70 AND 85 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [85 - 70]
            ,SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 60 AND 70 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [70 - 60]
            ,SUM(CASE WHEN score < 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [60 -]
        FROM SC,Course
        where SC.C#=Course.C#
        GROUP BY SC.C#,Cname;

    24、查询学生平均成绩及其名次
          SELECT 1+(SELECT COUNT( distinct 平均成绩)
                  FROM (SELECT S#,AVG(score) AS 平均成绩
                          FROM SC
                      GROUP BY S#
                      ) AS T1
                WHERE 平均成绩 > T2.平均成绩) as 名次,
          S# as 学生学号,平均成绩
        FROM (SELECT S#,AVG(score) 平均成绩
                FROM SC
            GROUP BY S#
            ) AS T2
        ORDER BY 平均成绩 desc;
     
    25、查询各科成绩前三名的记录:(不考虑成绩并列情况)
          SELECT t1.S# as 学生ID,t1.C# as 课程ID,Score as 分数
          FROM SC t1
          WHERE score IN (SELECT TOP 3 score
                  FROM SC
                  WHERE t1.C#= C#
                ORDER BY score DESC
                  )
          ORDER BY t1.C#;
    26、查询每门课程被选修的学生数
      select c#,count(S#) from sc group by C#;
    27、查询出只选修了一门课程的全部学生的学号和姓名
      select SC.S#,Student.Sname,count(C#) AS 选课数
      from SC ,Student
      where SC.S#=Student.S# group by SC.S# ,Student.Sname having count(C#)=1;
    28、查询男生、女生人数
        Select count(Ssex) as 男生人数 from Student group by Ssex having Ssex='男';
        Select count(Ssex) as 女生人数 from Student group by Ssex having Ssex='女';
    29、查询姓“张”的学生名单
        SELECT Sname FROM Student WHERE Sname like '张%';
    30、查询同名同性学生名单,并统计同名人数
      select Sname,count(*) from Student group by Sname having  count(*)>1;;
    31、1981年出生的学生名单(注:Student表中Sage列的类型是datetime)
        select Sname,  CONVERT(char (11),DATEPART(year,Sage)) as age
        from student
        where  CONVERT(char(11),DATEPART(year,Sage))='1981';
    32、查询每门课程的平均成绩,结果按平均成绩升序排列,平均成绩相同时,按课程号降序排列
        Select C#,Avg(score) from SC group by C# order by Avg(score),C# DESC ;
    33、查询平均成绩大于85的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩
        select Sname,SC.S# ,avg(score)
        from Student,SC
        where Student.S#=SC.S# group by SC.S#,Sname having    avg(score)>85;
    34、查询课程名称为“数据库”,且分数低于60的学生姓名和分数
        Select Sname,isnull(score,0)
        from Student,SC,Course
        where SC.S#=Student.S# and SC.C#=Course.C# and  Course.Cname='数据库'and score <60;
    35、查询所有学生的选课情况;
        SELECT SC.S#,SC.C#,Sname,Cname
        FROM SC,Student,Course
        where SC.S#=Student.S# and SC.C#=Course.C# ;
    36、查询任何一门课程成绩在70分以上的姓名、课程名称和分数;
        SELECT  distinct student.S#,student.Sname,SC.C#,SC.score
        FROM student,Sc
        WHERE SC.score>=70 AND SC.S#=student.S#;
    37、查询不及格的课程,并按课程号从大到小排列
        select c# from sc where scor e <60 order by C# ;
    38、查询课程编号为003且课程成绩在80分以上的学生的学号和姓名;
        select SC.S#,Student.Sname from SC,Student where SC.S#=Student.S# and Score>80 and C#='003';
    39、求选了课程的学生人数
        select count(*) from sc;
    40、查询选修“叶平”老师所授课程的学生中,成绩最高的学生姓名及其成绩
        select Student.Sname,score
        from Student,SC,Course C,Teacher
        where Student.S#=SC.S# and SC.C#=C.C# and C.T#=Teacher.T# and Teacher.Tname='叶平' and SC.score=(select max(score)from SC where C#=C.C# );
    41、查询各个课程及相应的选修人数
        select count(*) from sc group by C#;
    42、查询不同课程成绩相同的学生的学号、课程号、学生成绩
      select distinct  A.S#,B.score from SC A  ,SC B where A.Score=B.Score and A.C# <>B.C# ;
    43、查询每门功成绩最好的前两名
        SELECT t1.S# as 学生ID,t1.C# as 课程ID,Score as 分数
          FROM SC t1
          WHERE score IN (SELECT TOP 2 score
                  FROM SC
                  WHERE t1.C#= C#
                ORDER BY score DESC
                  )
          ORDER BY t1.C#;
    44、统计每门课程的学生选修人数(超过10人的课程才统计)。要求输出课程号和选修人数,查询结果按人数降序排列,查询结果按人数降序排列,若人数相同,按课程号升序排列 
        select  C# as 课程号,count(*) as 人数
        from  sc 
        group  by  C#
        order  by  count(*) desc,c# 
    45、检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号
        select  S# 
        from  sc 
        group  by  s#
        having  count(*)  >  =  2
    46、查询全部学生都选修的课程的课程号和课程名
        select  C#,Cname 
        from  Course 
        where  C#  in  (select  c#  from  sc group  by  c#) 
    47、查询没学过“叶平”老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名
        select Sname from Student where S# not in (select S# from Course,Teacher,SC where Course.T#=Teacher.T# and SC.C#=course.C# and Tname='叶平');
    48、查询两门以上不及格课程的同学的学号及其平均成绩
        select S#,avg(isnull(score,0)) from SC where S# in (select S# from SC where score <60 group by S# having count(*)>2)group by S#;
    49、检索“004”课程分数小于60,按分数降序排列的同学学号
        select S# from SC where C#='004'and score <60 order by score desc;
    50、删除“002”同学的“001”课程的成绩
    delete from Sc where S#='002'and C#='001';

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/gaobing1252/p/11115519.html
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