CentOS7 安装配置 MySQL 5.7

1. 下载 yum 源文件 mysql80-community-release-el7-2.noarch.rpm

　　https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/

2. 安装源

sudo rpm -Uvh mysql80-community-release-el7-2.noarch.rpm 

3. 查看安装结果

yum repolist all | grep mysql

 

4. 将默认版本改为 5.7

sudo yum-config-manager --disable mysql80-community
sudo yum-config-manager --enable mysql57-community

5. 查看修改结果

yum repolist all | grep mysql

 

6. 安装

sudo yum install mysql-community-server.x86_64 

 

7. 启动并查看状态

sudo systemctl start mysqld.service
sudo systemctl status mysqld.service 

8. 获得初始密码

sudo grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log 

9. 使用初始密码登陆 mysql

mysql -u root -p

 

10. 修改密码（总长度大于8，必须：一个小写字母，一个大写字母，一个数字，一个特殊符号）例如，

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPass4!';

11. 修改编码方式到 utf8

默认情况下，mysql5.7 的编码方式如下，

mysql> show variables like 'character_set_%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | latin1                     |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | latin1                     |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

在 CentOS7 下，mysql 的配置文件是 /etc/my.cnf，打开在最后加上一句，

character-set-server=utf8

然后重启 mysql 服务，

$ sudo systemctl restart mysqld

再次查看，

mysql> show variables like 'character_set_%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | utf8                       |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | utf8                       |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)

其它高级设置参考：https://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql-yum-repo-quick-guide/en/

12. 使用 mycli 自动补全

 默认 mysql 命令行登陆后，输入命令不会提示及自动补全，非常麻烦，通过使用 mycli 自动补全会方便很多。

安装如下，

$ sudo pip install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/ mycli

使用 mycli 启动数据库连接，

$ mycli -h 127.0.0.1 -u root -p ******** ( here your MySQL password)

Ubuntu 18.04 下的安装方法如下： https://www.cnblogs.com/gaowengang/p/10816537.html

(完)