wpf 3D学习

最近在看一些关于wpf 3d的效果，研究了一些代码特效，现在和广大博友共享一下.

首先用到的是MeshGeometry3D，msdn上介绍：用于生成三维形状的三角形基元。
主要有4个依赖属性：NormalsProperty，PositionsProperty，TextureCoordinatesProperty，
TriangleIndicesProperty。4中属性具体含义大家可以直接参考msdn上。

具体代码如下：

MeshGeometry3D meshGeometry3D = new MeshGeometry3D();

                Point3DCollection positions = new Point3DCollection();
                positions.Add(new Point3D(0, 0, 1));
                positions.Add(new Point3D(0, 0, 0));
                positions.Add(new Point3D(1, 0, 0));
                positions.Add(new Point3D(1, 0, 1));
                positions.Add(new Point3D(0, 1, 1));
                positions.Add(new Point3D(0, 1, 0));
                positions.Add(new Point3D(1, 1, 0));
                positions.Add(new Point3D(1, 1, 1));
                positions.Freeze();

                Int32Collection triangleIndices = new Int32Collection();
                triangleIndices.Add(0);
                triangleIndices.Add(1);
                triangleIndices.Add(2);

                triangleIndices.Add(2);
                triangleIndices.Add(3);
                triangleIndices.Add(0);

                triangleIndices.Add(4);
                triangleIndices.Add(7);
                triangleIndices.Add(6);

                triangleIndices.Add(6);
                triangleIndices.Add(5);
                triangleIndices.Add(4);

                triangleIndices.Add(0);
                triangleIndices.Add(3);
                triangleIndices.Add(7);

                triangleIndices.Add(7);
                triangleIndices.Add(4);
                triangleIndices.Add(0);

                triangleIndices.Add(1);
                triangleIndices.Add(5);
                triangleIndices.Add(6);

                triangleIndices.Add(6);
                triangleIndices.Add(2);
                triangleIndices.Add(1);

                triangleIndices.Add(3);
                triangleIndices.Add(2);
                triangleIndices.Add(6);

                triangleIndices.Add(6);
                triangleIndices.Add(7);
                triangleIndices.Add(3);

                triangleIndices.Add(0);
                triangleIndices.Add(4);
                triangleIndices.Add(5);

                triangleIndices.Add(5);
                triangleIndices.Add(7);
                triangleIndices.Add(0);

                triangleIndices.Freeze();

                // finally set the data
                meshGeometry3D.TriangleIndices = triangleIndices;
                meshGeometry3D.Positions = positions;

然后定义GeometryModel3D,代码：

// create the geometry model
                GeometryModel3D geom3D = new GeometryModel3D();
                geom3D.Geometry = meshGeometry3D;

                Color color = WpfUtil.HsbToRgb(index / (float)count, .9f, 1f);
                SolidColorBrush solidColorBrush = new SolidColorBrush(color);
                solidColorBrush.Freeze();

                geom3D.Material = new DiffuseMaterial(solidColorBrush);

然后将GeometryModel3D归入Model3DGroup中，代码：

Model3DGroup group = new Model3DGroup();
                group.Children.Add(geom3D);
                ModelVisual3D model = new ModelVisual3D();
                model.Content = group;
                DirectionalLight dl = new DirectionalLight();

                dl.Color = Colors.White; dl.Direction = new Vector3D(-1, -1, -3);
                group.Children.Add(dl);
                AmbientLight al = new AmbientLight();
                al.Color = (Color)ColorConverter.ConvertFromString("#555555");
                group.Children.Add(al);

xaml如下：

<ModelVisual3D>
                <ModelVisual3D.Content>
                    <Model3DGroup>
                        <DirectionalLight Direction="1 0 -2"
                                 Color="White"/>
                        <GeometryModel3D>
                            <GeometryModel3D.Geometry>
                                <!--Positions获取或设置 meshgeometry3d 的顶点位置的集合
                                TextureCoordinates获取或设置 meshgeometry3d 的纹理坐标的集合
                                TriangleIndices获取或设置 meshgeometry3d 的三角形索引的集合-->
                                <MeshGeometry3D Positions="-1 1 0, 0 1 1, -1 0 0, 0 0 1, 0 1 1, 1 

1 0, 0 0 1, 1 0 0"
                                       TriangleIndices="2 1 0, 2 3 1, 6 5 4, 6 7 5"/>
                            </GeometryModel3D.Geometry>
                            <GeometryModel3D.Material>
                                <DiffuseMaterial Brush="Green"/>
                            </GeometryModel3D.Material>
                        </GeometryModel3D>
                    </Model3DGroup>
                </ModelVisual3D.Content>
            </ModelVisual3D>

上面已经设置了灯光，接下来要设置摄像机，代码如下：

var camera=new PerspectiveCamera( new Point3D(0,3,3),
                new Vector3D(0,-3,-3),
                new Vector3D(0,0,1),
                45););

xmal：

<Viewport3D.Camera>
                <!--<PerspectiveCamera Position="0,0,10"/>-->
                <PerspectiveCamera  LookDirection = " 0,  -3, -3"
                                UpDirection   = " 0,  0,  1"
                                Position      = "0,  3,  3"
                                FieldOfView   = "45" />
            </Viewport3D.Camera>

最后可以把它们一起归入Viewport3D

Viewport3D view3D=new Viewport3D();
view3D.Camera = camera;
view3D.Children.Add(group);

当然我们也可以在指定灯光时，只定义DirectionalLight （方向光）

  <ModelVisual3D>
                <ModelVisual3D.Content>
                    <Model3DGroup>
                        <!--<AmbientLight Color="White"/>-->
                        <DirectionalLight Color="#FFFFFF" Direction="0,0,-10" />
                        <DirectionalLight Color="#FFFFFF" Direction="1,0,0" />
                    </Model3DGroup>
                </ModelVisual3D.Content>
            </ModelVisual3D>

然后自定义3D模型

<local:TreeMap3D x:Name="_treeMap3D" WeightBindingPath="CustomerCount">
                <local:TreeMap3D.Transform>
                    <Transform3DGroup>
                        <ScaleTransform3D ScaleX="1.2" ScaleY="1.2" ScaleZ="1.2" />
                        <RotateTransform3D>
                            <RotateTransform3D.Rotation>
                                <AxisAngleRotation3D Angle="30" Axis="0, 0, 1" />
                            </RotateTransform3D.Rotation>
                        </RotateTransform3D>
                        <TranslateTransform3D OffsetZ="0.6" OffsetX="-0.3"/>
                    </Transform3DGroup>
                </local:TreeMap3D.Transform>
            </local:TreeMap3D>

添加TreeMap3D类

public class TreeMap3D : UIElement3D
{
private string m_weightBindingPath;
        private IList m_itemsSource;
        private TreeMap3DElement m_selectedElement;
        private int[] m_weightMap;
        private TreeMap3DElement m_lastClickedElement;

        private readonly List<TreeMap3DElement> m_elements = new List<TreeMap3DElement>();
}
}

定义ItemSource

public IList ItemsSource
        {
            get
            {
                VerifyAccess();
                return m_itemsSource;
            }
            set
            {
                if (m_itemsSource != value)
                {
                    VerifyAccess();

                    refresh(value);
                    m_itemsSource = value;
                }
            }

定义其子元素：

private class TreeMap3DElement : UIElement3D
{
public TreeMap3DElement(int index, int count)
            {
                this.Visual3DModel = GenerateTreeMap3DModel(index, count);
                
                m_translate = new TranslateTransform3D();
                m_scale = new ScaleTransform3D();
                Transform3DGroup t3DGroup = new Transform3DGroup();
                t3DGroup.Children.Add(m_scale);
                t3DGroup.Children.Add(m_translate);
                base.Transform = t3DGroup;

            }
private object m_data;
            private string m_weightBindingPath;
            private bool m_isSelected;
            private double m_scaleZ;

            private readonly ScaleTransform3D m_scale;
            private readonly TranslateTransform3D m_translate;
}

加入动画设计:

public bool IsSelected
            {
                get { return m_isSelected; }
                set
                {
                    if (value != m_isSelected)
                    {
                        DoubleAnimation animation = new DoubleAnimation();

                        if (value)
                        {
                            animation.From = m_scale.ScaleZ;
                            animation.To = m_scaleZ;
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            animation.From = m_scale.ScaleZ;
                            animation.To = 0;
                        }

                        m_isSelected = value;

                        animation.Duration = new Duration(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(0.2));
                        m_scale.BeginAnimation(ScaleTransform3D.ScaleZProperty, animation);
                    }

                }
            }

最后运行如下：

代码下载：https://files.cnblogs.com/gavinhuang/3DViewTest.rar