TSQL Pivot Tables(行列转换) in SQL Server 2005/2008

T-SQL Pivot Syntax

SELECT

  [non-pivoted column], -- optional

  [additional non-pivoted columns], -- optional

  [first pivoted column],

  [additional pivoted columns]

FROM (

  SELECT query producing sql data for pivot

  -- select pivot columns as dimensions and

  -- value columns as measures from sql tables

) AS TableAlias

PIVOT

(

  <aggregation function>(column for aggregation or measure column) -- MIN,MAX,SUM,etc

  FOR [<column name containing values for pivot table columns>]

  IN (

    [first pivoted column], ..., [last pivoted column]

  )

) AS PivotTableAlias

ORDER BY clause -- optional

T-SQL Pivot Table Examples in AdventureWorks SQL Server sample database

select

  PS.Name, P.Color, PIn.Quantity

from Production.Product P

inner join Production.ProductSubcategory PS

  on PS.ProductSubcategoryID = P.ProductSubcategoryID

left join Production.ProductInventory PIn

  on P.ProductID = PIn.ProductID

  1 use AdventureWorks
  2 go
  3 ---geovindu@163.com  涂聚文
  4 select
  5   *
  6 from
  7 (
  8   select
  9     PS.Name, P.Color, PIn.Quantity
 10   from Production.Product P
 11   inner join Production.ProductSubcategory PS
 12     on PS.ProductSubcategoryID = P.ProductSubcategoryID
 13   left join Production.ProductInventory PIn
 14     on P.ProductID = PIn.ProductID
 15 ) DataTable
 16 PIVOT
 17 (
 18 --ISNULL(NULLIF(d,0)
 19   SUM(Quantity))
 20   FOR Color
 21   IN (
 22     [Black],[Blue],[Grey],[Multi],[Red],
 23     [Silver],[Silver/Black],[White],[Yellow]
 24   )
 25 ) PivotTable
 26 
 27 --
 28 SELECT *
 29 FROM (
 30   SELECT
 31     YEAR(OrderDate) [Year],
 32     MONTH(OrderDate) [Month],
 33     SubTotal
 34   FROM Sales.SalesOrderHeader
 35 ) TableDate
 36 PIVOT (
 37   SUM(SubTotal)
 38   FOR [Month] IN (
 39     [1],[2],[3],[4],[5],[6],[7],[8],[9],[10],[11],[12]
 40   )
 41 ) PivotTable
 42 
 43 --
 44 SELECT *
 45 FROM (
 46   SELECT
 47     YEAR(OrderDate) [Year],
 48     CASE MONTH(OrderDate)
 49       WHEN 1 THEN 'January'
 50       WHEN 2 THEN 'February'
 51       WHEN 3 THEN 'March'
 52       WHEN 4 THEN 'April'
 53       WHEN 5 THEN 'May'
 54       WHEN 6 THEN 'June'
 55       WHEN 7 THEN 'July'
 56       WHEN 8 THEN 'August'
 57       WHEN 8 THEN 'September'
 58       WHEN 8 THEN 'October'
 59       WHEN 8 THEN 'November'
 60       WHEN 8 THEN 'December'
 61     END as [Month],
 62     SubTotal
 63   FROM Sales.SalesOrderHeader
 64 ) TableDate
 65 PIVOT (
 66   SUM(SubTotal)
 67   FOR [Month] IN (
 68     [January],[February],[March],[April],
 69     [May],[June],[July],[August],
 70     [September],[October],[November],[December]
 71   )
 72 ) PivotTable
 73 
 74 ---
 75 
 76 SELECT *
 77 FROM(
 78   SELECT
 79     YEAR(DueDate) [Year],
 80     CASE MONTH(DueDate)
 81       WHEN 1 THEN 'January'
 82       WHEN 2 THEN 'February'
 83       WHEN 3 THEN 'March'
 84       WHEN 4 THEN 'April'
 85       WHEN 5 THEN 'May'
 86       WHEN 6 THEN 'June'
 87       WHEN 7 THEN 'July'
 88       WHEN 8 THEN 'August'
 89       WHEN 9 THEN 'September'
 90       WHEN 10 THEN 'October'
 91       WHEN 11 THEN 'November'
 92       WHEN 12 THEN 'December'
 93     END as [Month],
 94     ProductID,
 95     OrderQty
 96   FROM Production.WorkOrder
 97 ) WorkOrders
 98 PIVOT
 99 (
100   SUM(OrderQty)
101   FOR [Month] IN (
102     [January],[February],[March],[April],
103     [May],[June],[July],[August],
104     [September],[October],[November],[December]
105   )
106 ) AS PivotTable
107 ORDER BY [Year], ProductID
108 
109 ---
110 DECLARE @PivotColumnHeaders VARCHAR(MAX)
111 SELECT @PivotColumnHeaders =
112   COALESCE(
113     @PivotColumnHeaders + ',[' + cast(Name as varchar) + ']',
114     '[' + cast(Name as varchar)+ ']'
115   )
116 FROM Sales.SalesTerritory
117 
118 DECLARE @PivotTableSQL NVARCHAR(MAX)
119 SET @PivotTableSQL = N'
120   SELECT *
121   FROM (
122     SELECT
123       YEAR(H.OrderDate) [Year],
124       T.Name,
125       H.TotalDue
126     FROM Sales.SalesOrderHeader H
127     LEFT JOIN Sales.SalesTerritory T
128       ON H.TerritoryID = T.TerritoryID
129   ) AS PivotData
130   PIVOT (
131     SUM(TotalDue)
132     FOR Name IN (
133       ' + @PivotColumnHeaders + '
134     )
135   ) AS PivotTable
136 '
137 
138 EXECUTE(@PivotTableSQL)