1.利用requests.get(url)获取网页页面的html文件 import requests newsurl='http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/' res = requests.get(newsurl) #返回response对象 res.encoding='utf-8' 2.利用BeautifulSoup的HTML解析器，生成结构树 from bs4 import BeautifulSoup soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser') 3.找出特定标签的html元素 soup.p #标签名，返回第一个 soup.head soup.p.name #字符串 soup.p. attrs #字典，标签的所有属性 soup.p. contents # 列表，所有子标签 soup.p.text #字符串 soup.p.string soup.select(‘li') 4.取得含有特定CSS属性的元素 soup.select('#p1Node') soup.select('.news-list-title')
二.练习
爬取对象源页
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Simple DOM Demo</title> </head> <body> <h1>This is the document body</h1> <P ID = "p1Node">This is paragraph 1.</P> <P ID = "p2Node">段落2</P> <a href="http://www.gzcc.cn/">广州商学院</a> <li> <a href="http://news.gzcc.cn/html/2018/xiaoyuanxinwen_0328/9113.html"> <div class="news-list-thumb"><img src="http://oa.gzcc.cn/uploadfile/2018/0328/20180328085249565.jpg"/></div> <div class="news-list-text"> <div class="news-list-title" style="">我校校长杨文轩教授讲授新学期“思政第一课”</div> <div class="news-list-description">3月27日下午，我校校长杨文轩教授在第四教学楼310室为学生讲授了新学期“思政第一课”。</div> <div class="news-list-info"><span><i class="fa fa-clock-o"></i>2018-03-28</span><span><i class="fa fa-building-o"></i>马克思主义学院</span></div> </div> </a> </li> </body> </html>
python操作代码
import requests from bs4 import BeautifulSoup #取出h1标签的文本 取出a标签的链接 取出所有li标签的所有内容 # 取出一条新闻的标题、链接、发布时间、来源 #获取============ url='http://localhost:63342/bd/0328.html?_ijt=h9b41m2eup4kmk1cet0l4ai05j' res=requests.get(url) res.encoding='utf-8' print(type(res)) #管理排序========= soup=BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser') print(type(soup)) #操作============= print(soup.a.attrs['href']) print(soup.li.text) print(soup.select('.news-list-title')) print(soup.a.attrs['href']) print(soup.select('fa fa-clock-o')) print(soup.select('fa fa-building-o'))