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  • Microsoft .NET Framework 2.0对文件传输协议(FTP)操作(上传,下载,新建,删除,FTP间传送文件等)实现汇总1

    Microsoft .NET Framework 2.0新增加了3个类使我们很方便的对文件传输协议(FTP)服务器进行操作
    FtpWebRequest类:实现文件传输协议(FTP)客户端
    public sealed class FtpWebRequest : WebRequest

    FtpWebResponse类:封装文件传输协议(FTP)服务器对请求的响应
    public class FtpWebResponse : WebResponse, IDisposable

    WebRequestMethods.Ftp类:表示可与FTP请求一起使用的FTP协议方法的类型,无法继承此类
    public static class Ftp

    类关系图
    class

    操作ftp的一般步骤我总结如下
    第一步:WebRequest.Create方法,获得FtpWebRequest的实例
    第二步:利用WebRequestMethods.Ftp设置FtpWebRequest的Method属性,指定使用的FTP协议方法的类型
    第三步:设置FtpWebRequest的Credentials属性,指定用户名和密码
    第四步:发出请求
    第五步:接收响应数据流(有些ftp操作可能没这一步,例如给文件夹改名)
    第六步:关闭流

    下面从几段代码来分别展示ftp的不同操作:
    1.文件夹和文件信息
    关键知识说明:
    a.FtpWebRequest类没有公开的构造函数,我们通过WebRequest.Create方法,获得FtpWebRequest的实例
    b.通过WebRequestMethods.Ftp.ListDirectoryDetails(详细列表)或者WebRequestMethods.Ftp.ListDirectory(简短列表)获取FTP服务器上的文件列表
    c.请求返回的数据在GetResponseStream方法返回的流中
    d.字符编码请用System.Text.Encoding.Default,要不中文名会乱码
    e.FtpWebRequest.Credentials属性设置登陆用户名和密码
    f.FtpWebRequest.UseBinary属性,true,指示服务器要传输的是二进制数据.false,指示数据为文本。默认值为true
    g.FtpWebRequest.EnableSsl属性,如果控制和数据传输是加密的,则为true.否则为false.默认值为 false

    实例代码:
    获取http://www.cnblogs.com/ghfsusan/admin/ftp://218.16.229.120/上的文件信息
    Uri uri = new Uri ( "http://www.cnblogs.com/ghfsusan/admin/ftp://218.16.229.120/" );

    FtpWebRequest listRequest = ( FtpWebRequest ) WebRequest.Create ( uri );

    listRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.ListDirectoryDetails;
    //listRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.ListDirectory;

    string ftpUser = "";
    string ftpPassWord = "";
    listRequest.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord );

    FtpWebResponse listResponse = ( FtpWebResponse ) listRequest.GetResponse ( );
    Stream responseStream = listResponse.GetResponseStream ( );
    StreamReader readStream = new StreamReader ( responseStream , System.Text.Encoding.Default );

    if ( readStream != null )
    {
        MessageBox.Show ( readStream.ReadToEnd ( )  );
    }

    MessageBox.Show ( string.Format ( "状态: {0},{1}" ,listResponse.StatusCode,  listResponse.StatusDescription ) );

    listResponse.Close ( );
    responseStream.Close ( );
    readStream.Close ( );

    通过WebRequestMethods.Ftp.ListDirectoryDetails(详细列表)或者WebRequestMethods.Ftp.ListDirectory(简短列表)返回的结果是不一样的.请看图
    msg

    利用WebRequestMethods.Ftp.ListDirectoryDetails,readStream.ReadToEnd ( )返回的字符串比较复杂(不同类型的Ftp会有不同返回形式的返回结果),要把里面的文件夹和文件区分别列出来比较繁琐,代码比较多.
    大概的调用方法如下:
    string dataString = readStream.ReadToEnd ( );
    DirectoryListParser parser = new DirectoryListParser ( dataString );
    FileStruct [ ] fs = parser.FullListing;
    返回的FileStruct有一个属性IsDirectory,可以区分文件夹和文件

    DirectoryListParser类代码如下:


    using System;
    using System.IO;
    using System.Net;
    using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
    using System.Collections;
    using System.Collections.Generic;

    namespace WindowsApplicationFTP
    {
        
    public struct FileStruct
        {
            
    public string Flags;
            
    public string Owner;
            
    public bool IsDirectory;
            
    public string CreateTime;
            
    public string Name;
        }

        
    public enum FileListStyle
        {
            UnixStyle,
            WindowsStyle,
            Unknown
        }

        
    public class DirectoryListParser
        {
            
    private List<FileStruct> _myListArray;

            
    public FileStruct[] FullListing
            {
                
    get
                {
                    
    return _myListArray.ToArray();                
                }
            }

            
    public FileStruct[] FileList
            {            
                
    get
                {
                    List
    <FileStruct> _fileList = new List<FileStruct>();
                    
    foreach(FileStruct thisstruct in _myListArray)
                    {
                        
    if(!thisstruct.IsDirectory)
                        {
                            _fileList.Add(thisstruct);                        
                        }
                    }
                    
    return _fileList.ToArray();
                }
            }

            
    public FileStruct[] DirectoryList
            {
                
    get
                {
                    List
    <FileStruct> _dirList = new List<FileStruct>();
                    
    foreach(FileStruct thisstruct in _myListArray)
                    {
                        
    if(thisstruct.IsDirectory)
                        {
                            _dirList.Add(thisstruct);                        
                        }
                    }
                    
    return _dirList.ToArray();
                }
            }

            
    public DirectoryListParser(string responseString)
            {
                _myListArray 
    = GetList(responseString);            
            }
            
            
    private List<FileStruct> GetList(string datastring)
            {
                List
    <FileStruct> myListArray = new List<FileStruct>(); 
                
    string[] dataRecords = datastring.Split('\n');
                FileListStyle _directoryListStyle 
    = GuessFileListStyle(dataRecords);
                
    foreach (string s in dataRecords)
                {
                    
    if (_directoryListStyle != FileListStyle.Unknown && s != "")
                    {
                        FileStruct f 
    = new FileStruct();
                        f.Name 
    = "..";
                        
    switch (_directoryListStyle)
                        {
                            
    case FileListStyle.UnixStyle:                            
                                f 
    = ParseFileStructFromUnixStyleRecord(s);
                                
    break;
                            
    case FileListStyle.WindowsStyle:
                                f 
    = ParseFileStructFromWindowsStyleRecord(s);
                                
    break;
                        }
                        
    if (f.Name != "" && f.Name != "." && f.Name != "..")
                        {
                            myListArray.Add(f);     
                        }
                    }
                }
                
    return myListArray;
            }
            
            
    private FileStruct ParseFileStructFromWindowsStyleRecord(string Record)
            {
                
    ///Assuming the record style as 
                
    /// 02-03-04  07:46PM       <DIR>          Append
                FileStruct f = new FileStruct();
                
    string processstr = Record.Trim();
                
    string dateStr = processstr.Substring(0,8);      
                processstr 
    = (processstr.Substring(8, processstr.Length - 8)).Trim();
                
    string timeStr = processstr.Substring(07);
                processstr 
    = (processstr.Substring(7, processstr.Length - 7)).Trim();
                f.CreateTime 
    = dateStr + " " + timeStr;
                
    if (processstr.Substring(0,5== "<DIR>")
                {
                    f.IsDirectory 
    = true;    
                    processstr 
    = (processstr.Substring(5, processstr.Length - 5)).Trim();
                }
                
    else
                {
                    
    string[] strs = processstr.Split(new char[] { ' ' }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
                    processstr 
    = strs[1];
                    f.IsDirectory 
    = false;
                }
                f.Name 
    = processstr;  //Rest is name   
                return f;
            }
            
            
    public FileListStyle GuessFileListStyle(string[] recordList)
            {
                
    foreach (string s in recordList)
                {
                    
    if(s.Length > 10 
                        
    && Regex.IsMatch(s.Substring(0,10),"(-|d)((-|r)(-|w)(-|x)){3}"))
                    {
                        
    return FileListStyle.UnixStyle;
                    }    
                    
    else if (s.Length > 8 
                        
    && Regex.IsMatch(s.Substring(08),  "[0-9]{2}-[0-9]{2}-[0-9]{2}"))
                    {
                        
    return FileListStyle.WindowsStyle;
                    }
                }
                
    return FileListStyle.Unknown;
            }
            
            
    private FileStruct ParseFileStructFromUnixStyleRecord(string record)
            {
                
    ///Assuming record style as
                
    /// dr-xr-xr-x   1 owner    group               0 Nov 25  2002 bussys
                FileStruct f = new FileStruct();
                
    if (record[0== '-' || record[0== 'd')
                {
    // its a valid file record
                    string processstr = record.Trim();
                    f.Flags 
    = processstr.Substring(09);
                    f.IsDirectory 
    = (f.Flags[0== 'd');
                    processstr 
    = (processstr.Substring(11)).Trim();
                    _cutSubstringFromStringWithTrim(
    ref processstr, ' '0);   //skip one part
                    f.Owner = _cutSubstringFromStringWithTrim(ref processstr, ' '0);
                    f.CreateTime 
    = getCreateTimeString(record);
                    
    int fileNameIndex = record.IndexOf(f.CreateTime)+f.CreateTime.Length;
                    f.Name 
    = record.Substring(fileNameIndex).Trim();   //Rest of the part is name                
                }
                
    else
                {
                    f.Name 
    = "";
                }
                
    return f;
            }

            
    private string getCreateTimeString(string record)
            {
                
    //Does just basic datetime string validation for demo, not an accurate check
                
    //on date and time fields
                string month = "(jan|feb|mar|apr|may|jun|jul|aug|sep|oct|nov|dec)";
                
    string space = @"(\040)+";
                
    string day = "([0-9]|[1-3][0-9])";
                
    string year = "[1-2][0-9]{3}";
                
    string time = "[0-9]{1,2}:[0-9]{2}";            
                Regex dateTimeRegex 
    = new Regex(month+space+day+space+"("+year+"|"+time+")", RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);
                Match match 
    = dateTimeRegex.Match(record);
                
    return match.Value;
            }    
        
            
    private string _cutSubstringFromStringWithTrim(ref string s, char c, int startIndex)
            {
                
    int pos1 = s.IndexOf(c, startIndex);
                
    string retString = s.Substring(0,pos1);
                s 
    = (s.Substring(pos1)).Trim();
                
    return retString;
           }

        }
    }

    2.取ftp登陆身份验证完成后的欢迎信息
    关键知识说明:
    a.FtpWebResponse.WelcomeMessage属性获取身份验证完成时FTP服务器发送的消息

    实例代码:
    获取http://www.cnblogs.com/ghfsusan/admin/ftp://218.16.229.120/登陆身份验证完成后的欢迎信息
    Uri uri = new Uri ( "http://www.cnblogs.com/ghfsusan/admin/ftp://218.16.229.120/" );

    FtpWebRequest listRequest = ( FtpWebRequest ) WebRequest.Create ( uri );

    listRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.ListDirectoryDetails;

    string ftpUser = "";
    string ftpPassWord = "";
    listRequest.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord );

    FtpWebResponse listResponse = ( FtpWebResponse ) listRequest.GetResponse ( );

    MessageBox.Show ( listResponse.WelcomeMessage );

    附加说明:要是FTP服务器的欢迎信息带有中文,运行这段代码时可能会发生异常(基础连接已经关闭: 服务器提交了协议).
    解决办法:打补丁Microsoft .NET Framework 2.0 Service Pack 1

    3.重命名目录
    关键知识说明:
    a.WebRequestMethods.Ftp.Rename表示重命名目录的FTP协议方法
    b.FtpWebRequest.RenameTo属性重命名的新名称

    实例代码:
    http://www.cnblogs.com/ghfsusan/admin/ftp://218.16.229.120/上的a目录重命名为av
    Uri uri = new Uri ( "http://www.cnblogs.com/ghfsusan/admin/ftp://218.16.229.120/a" );

    FtpWebRequest listRequest = ( FtpWebRequest ) WebRequest.Create ( uri );

    listRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.Rename;

    string ftpUser = "";
    string ftpPassWord = "";
    listRequest.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord );

    listRequest.RenameTo = "av";

    FtpWebResponse listResponse = ( FtpWebResponse ) listRequest.GetResponse ( );

    MessageBox.Show ( listResponse.StatusDescription );

    4.删除目录
    关键知识说明:
    a.WebRequestMethods.Ftp.RemoveDirectory表示移除目录的FTP协议方法

    实例代码:
    删除http://www.cnblogs.com/ghfsusan/admin/ftp://218.16.229.120/上的av文件夹
    Uri uri = new Uri ( "http://www.cnblogs.com/ghfsusan/admin/ftp://218.16.229.120/av" );

    FtpWebRequest listRequest = ( FtpWebRequest ) WebRequest.Create ( uri );

    listRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.RemoveDirectory;

    string ftpUser = "";
    string ftpPassWord = "";
    listRequest.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord );

    FtpWebResponse listResponse = ( FtpWebResponse ) listRequest.GetResponse ( );    

    MessageBox.Show ( listResponse.StatusDescription );

    5.新建目录
    关键知识说明:
    a.WebRequestMethods.Ftp.MakeDirectory表示在FTP服务器上创建目录的协议方法

    实例代码:
    http://www.cnblogs.com/ghfsusan/admin/ftp://218.16.229.120/上建立目录vb
    Uri uri = new Uri ( "http://www.cnblogs.com/ghfsusan/admin/ftp://218.16.229.120/vb" );

    FtpWebRequest listRequest = ( FtpWebRequest ) WebRequest.Create ( uri );

    listRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.MakeDirectory;

    string ftpUser = "";
    string ftpPassWord = "";
    listRequest.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord );

    FtpWebResponse listResponse = ( FtpWebResponse ) listRequest.GetResponse ( );

    MessageBox.Show ( listResponse.StatusDescription );

    6.得文件大小
    关键知识说明:
    a.WebRequestMethods.Ftp.GetFileSize表示要用于检索FTP服务器上的文件大小
    b.流数据的长度可以从FtpWebResponse.ContentLength属性中获取。

    实例代码:
    获取http://www.cnblogs.com/ghfsusan/admin/ftp://218.16.229.120/上的会议记录.doc文件大小
    Uri uri = new Uri ( "http://www.cnblogs.com/ghfsusan/admin/ftp://218.16.229.120/会议记录.doc" );

    FtpWebRequest listRequest = ( FtpWebRequest ) WebRequest.Create ( uri );

    listRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.GetFileSize;

    string ftpUser = "";
    string ftpPassWord = "";
    listRequest.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord );

    FtpWebResponse listResponse = ( FtpWebResponse ) listRequest.GetResponse ( );

    MessageBox.Show ( string.Format ( "文件大小: {0}" , listResponse.ContentLength ) );

    7.删除文件
    关键知识说明:
    a.WebRequestMethods.Ftp.DeleteFile表示要用于删除FTP服务器上的文件

    实例代码:
    删除http://www.cnblogs.com/ghfsusan/admin/ftp://218.16.229.120/上的工作安排.txt文件
    Uri uri = new Uri ( "http://www.cnblogs.com/ghfsusan/admin/ftp://218.16.229.120/工作安排.txt" );

    FtpWebRequest listRequest = ( FtpWebRequest ) WebRequest.Create ( uri );

    listRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.DeleteFile;

    string ftpUser = "";
    string ftpPassWord = "";
    listRequest.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord );

    FtpWebResponse listResponse = ( FtpWebResponse ) listRequest.GetResponse ( );

    MessageBox.Show ( string.Format ( "Delete status: {0}" , listResponse.StatusDescription ) );

    8.上传文件
    关键知识说明:
    a.WebRequestMethods.Ftp.UploadFile表示将文件上载到FTP服务器
    b.使用FtpWebRequest对象向服务器上载文件,则必须将文件内容写入请求流,请求流是通过调用FtpWebRequest.GetRequestStream方法.如果未将属性设置为UploadFile,则不能获取流。
    c.异步对应方法(FtpWebRequest.BeginGetRequestStream方法和FtpWebRequest.EndGetRequestStream 方法),关于异步上传的实现我会再写在下篇总汇中

    实例代码:
    上载文件D:\abc.txt到http://www.cnblogs.com/ghfsusan/admin/ftp://218.16.229.120/
    Stream requestStream = null;
    FileStream fileStream = null;
    FtpWebResponse uploadResponse = null;

    try
    {
        Uri uri = new Uri ( "http://www.cnblogs.com/ghfsusan/admin/ftp://218.16.229.120/abc.txt" );

        FtpWebRequest uploadRequest = ( FtpWebRequest ) WebRequest.Create ( uri );
        uploadRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.UploadFile;

        string ftpUser = "";
        string ftpPassWord = "";
        uploadRequest.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord );

        requestStream = uploadRequest.GetRequestStream ( );
        fileStream = File.Open ( @"D:\abc.txt" , FileMode.Open );

        byte [ ] buffer = new byte [ 1024 ];
        int bytesRead;
        while ( true )
        {
            bytesRead = fileStream.Read ( buffer , 0 , buffer.Length );
            if ( bytesRead == 0 )
                break;
            requestStream.Write ( buffer , 0 , bytesRead );
        }

        requestStream.Close ( );

        uploadResponse = ( FtpWebResponse ) uploadRequest.GetResponse ( );

        MessageBox.Show ( "Upload complete." );
    }
    finally
    {
        if ( uploadResponse != null )
            uploadResponse.Close ( );
        if ( fileStream != null )
            fileStream.Close ( );
        if ( requestStream != null )
            requestStream.Close ( );
    }


    其实利用WebClient.UploadData方法,还有一种更简单的上传方法:
    WebClient request = new WebClient ( );

    string ftpUser = "";
    string ftpPassWord = "";
    request.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord );

    FileStream myStream = new FileStream ( @"D:\abcd.txt" , FileMode.Open , FileAccess.Read );
    byte [ ] dataByte = new byte [ myStream.Length ];
    myStream.Read ( dataByte , 0 , dataByte.Length );  //写到2进制数组中
    myStream.Close ( );

    request.UploadData ( "http://www.cnblogs.com/ghfsusan/admin/ftp://218.16.229.120/abcd.txt" , dataByte );

    9.下载文件
    关键知识说明:
    a.WebRequestMethods.Ftp.DownloadFile表示要用于从FTP服务器下载文件
    b.从FTP服务器下载文件时,如果命令成功,所请求的文件的内容即在响应对象的流中。通过调用FtpWebResponse.GetResponseStream方法,可以访问此流。

    实例代码:
    http://www.cnblogs.com/ghfsusan/admin/ftp://218.16.229.120/上下载文件保存到d:\abc.txt
    Stream responseStream = null;
    FileStream fileStream = null;
    StreamReader reader = null;

    try
    {
        string downloadUrl = "http://www.cnblogs.com/ghfsusan/admin/ftp://218.16.229.120/abc.txt";

        FtpWebRequest downloadRequest = ( FtpWebRequest ) WebRequest.Create ( downloadUrl );
        downloadRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.DownloadFile;

        string ftpUser = "";
        string ftpPassWord = "";
        downloadRequest.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord );

        FtpWebResponse downloadResponse = ( FtpWebResponse ) downloadRequest.GetResponse ( );
        responseStream = downloadResponse.GetResponseStream ( );

        fileStream = File.Create ( @"d:\" + "abc.txt" );
        byte [ ] buffer = new byte [ 1024 ];
        int bytesRead;
        while ( true )
        {
            bytesRead = responseStream.Read ( buffer , 0 , buffer.Length );
            if ( bytesRead == 0 )
                break;
            fileStream.Write ( buffer , 0 , bytesRead );
        }
       
        MessageBox.Show ( "Download complete" );
    }
    finally
    {
        if ( reader != null )
        {
            reader.Close ( );
        }
        else
        {
            if ( responseStream != null )
            {
                responseStream.Close ( );
            }
            if ( fileStream != null )
            {
                fileStream.Close ( );
            }
        }
    }


    其实利用WebClient.DownloadData方法,还有一种更简单的下载方法:
    Uri uri = new Uri ( "http://www.cnblogs.com/ghfsusan/admin/ftp://218.16.229.120/abc.txt" );

    WebClient request = new WebClient ( );

    string ftpUser = "";
    string ftpPassWord = "";
    request.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord );

    byte [ ] newFileData = request.DownloadData ( uri.ToString ( ) );

    FileStream fs = new FileStream ( @"d:\abc.txt" , FileMode.OpenOrCreate , FileAccess.Write );
    fs.Write ( newFileData , 0 , newFileData.Length );
    fs.Close ( );

    10.2个ftp间传送文件
    关键知识说明:
    a.在搞懂前面所说下载和上传知识后,其实很好实现2个ftp间传送文件.我们可以把传送文件看成是先下载后上传.把下载的文件响应流数据写到上传文件请求流中即可.

    实例代码:
    http://www.cnblogs.com/ghfsusan/admin/ftp://218.58.58.19/中"集团公司通知"目录中的"080124-成本费用科目调整通知.pdf"文件传送到http://www.cnblogs.com/ghfsusan/admin/ftp://218.16.229.120/
    string downloadUrl = "http://www.cnblogs.com/ghfsusan/admin/ftp://218.58.58.19/集团公司通知/080124-成本费用科目调整通知.pdf";
    FtpWebRequest downloadRequest = ( FtpWebRequest ) WebRequest.Create ( downloadUrl );
    downloadRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.DownloadFile;

    string ftpUser = "download";
    string ftpPassWord = "download";
    downloadRequest.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord );

    string uploadUrl = "http://www.cnblogs.com/ghfsusan/admin/ftp://218.16.229.120/080124-成本费用科目调整通知.pdf";
    FtpWebRequest uploadRequest = ( FtpWebRequest ) WebRequest.Create ( uploadUrl );
    uploadRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.UploadFile;

    string ftpUser1 = "exwangsoft";
    string ftpPassWord1 = "exwangsoft";
    uploadRequest.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser1 , ftpPassWord1 );

    FtpWebResponse downloadResponse = ( FtpWebResponse ) downloadRequest.GetResponse ( );
    Stream responseStream = downloadResponse.GetResponseStream ( );

    Stream fileStream = uploadRequest.GetRequestStream ( );
    byte [ ] buffer = new byte [ 1024 ];
    int bytesRead;
    while ( true )
    {
        //读取http://www.cnblogs.com/ghfsusan/admin/ftp://218.58.58.19/的响应流数据
        bytesRead = responseStream.Read ( buffer , 0 , buffer.Length );
        if ( bytesRead == 0 )
            break;
        //写到http://www.cnblogs.com/ghfsusan/admin/ftp://218.16.229.120/的请求流数据中
        fileStream.Write ( buffer , 0 , bytesRead );
    }

    fileStream.Close ( );
    FtpWebResponse uploadResponse = null;
    uploadResponse = ( FtpWebResponse ) uploadRequest.GetResponse ( );

    MessageBox.Show ( "complete" );

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/ghfsusan/p/1407030.html
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