Linux常用基本命令(split )

split命令

作用：切割文件

格式:

split [option] [input] [prefix]

-l 指定分割后文件的最大行数

ghostwu@dev:~/linux/split$ cat -n ghostwu.txt 
     1    What is Memcached?
     2    Free & open source,
     3    high-performance,
     4    distributed memory object caching system,
     5    generic in nature
     6    but intended for use in speeding up dynamic web applications by alleviating database load.
     7    Memcached is an in-memory key-value store for small chunks of arbitrary data
     8    (strings, objects) from results of database calls
     9    API calls, or page rendering.
    10    Memcached is simple yet powerful. 
    11    Its simple design promotes quick deployment,
    12    ease of development
    13    and solves many problems facing large data caches.
    14    Its API is available for most popular languages.

把ghostwu.txt这个文件，每个文件最大6行，前缀为ghostwu_

ghostwu@dev:~/linux/split$ ls
ghostwu.txt
ghostwu@dev:~/linux/split$ wc -l ghostwu.txt
14 ghostwu.txt
ghostwu@dev:~/linux/split$ split -l 6 ghostwu.txt ghostwu_
ghostwu@dev:~/linux/split$ ls
ghostwu_aa  ghostwu_ab  ghostwu_ac  ghostwu.txt
ghostwu@dev:~/linux/split$ wc -l ghostwu_ab
6 ghostwu_ab
ghostwu@dev:~/linux/split$ wc -l ghostwu_aa
6 ghostwu_aa
ghostwu@dev:~/linux/split$ wc -l ghostwu_ac
2 ghostwu_ac

用通配符更简单

ghostwu@dev:~/linux/split$ ls
ghostwu_aa  ghostwu_ab  ghostwu_ac  ghostwu.txt
ghostwu@dev:~/linux/split$ wc -l ghostwu_*
  6 ghostwu_aa
  6 ghostwu_ab
  2 ghostwu_ac
 14 total

-a : 指定切割文件的后缀长度

ghostwu@dev:~/linux/split$ split -l 5 -a 3 ghostwu.txt ghostwu_
ghostwu@dev:~/linux/split$ ls
ghostwu_aaa  ghostwu_aab  ghostwu_aac  ghostwu.txt
ghostwu@dev:~/linux/split$ wc -l ghostwu_*
  5 ghostwu_aaa
  5 ghostwu_aab
  4 ghostwu_aac
 14 total

-d: 使用数字后缀

ghostwu@dev:~/linux/split$ ls
ghostwu.txt
ghostwu@dev:~/linux/split$ split -l 5 -d ghostwu.txt ghostwu_
ghostwu@dev:~/linux/split$ ls
ghostwu_00  ghostwu_01  ghostwu_02  ghostwu.txt
ghostwu@dev:~/linux/split$ wc -l ghostwu_*
  5 ghostwu_00
  5 ghostwu_01
  4 ghostwu_02
 14 total

-b　按文件大小

ghostwu@dev:~/linux/split$ ls
ghostwu.txt
ghostwu@dev:~/linux/split$ ls -lh
total 4.0K
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ghostwu ghostwu 565 5月  20 18:41 ghostwu.txt
ghostwu@dev:~/linux/split$ split -b 100 ghostwu.txt ghostwu_
ghostwu@dev:~/linux/split$ ls
ghostwu_aa  ghostwu_ac  ghostwu_ae  ghostwu.txt
ghostwu_ab  ghostwu_ad  ghostwu_af
ghostwu@dev:~/linux/split$ ls -lh
total 28K
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ghostwu ghostwu 100 5月  20 18:54 ghostwu_aa
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ghostwu ghostwu 100 5月  20 18:54 ghostwu_ab
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ghostwu ghostwu 100 5月  20 18:54 ghostwu_ac
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ghostwu ghostwu 100 5月  20 18:54 ghostwu_ad
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ghostwu ghostwu 100 5月  20 18:54 ghostwu_ae
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ghostwu ghostwu  65 5月  20 18:54 ghostwu_af
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ghostwu ghostwu 565 5月  20 18:41 ghostwu.txt