听闻npoi 2.0版本支持excel2007格式了,表示期待其表现。不过目前还是使用1.2.5稳重点。
生活中有太多的列表都需要一个导出功能,当然这里的生活指的的程序员的生活。DataTable是从数据库读取数据后常用的数据结构,又当然这里的DataTable是指.Net开发下的。今天刚好做了个导出excel的功能,于是乎就在完成功能后把该方法抽离出来做成一个类,以备后用。整个类如下:
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using NPOI.SS.UserModel; using NPOI.HSSF.UserModel; using System.Data; using System.IO; namespace Excel { public class ExcelHelper { /// <summary> /// 类版本 /// </summary> public string version { get { return "0.1"; } } readonly int EXCEL03_MaxRow = 65535; /// <summary> /// 将DataTable转换为excel2003格式。 /// </summary> /// <param name="dt"></param> /// <returns></returns> public byte[] DataTable2Excel(DataTable dt, string sheetName) { IWorkbook book = new HSSFWorkbook(); if (dt.Rows.Count < EXCEL03_MaxRow) DataWrite2Sheet(dt, 0, dt.Rows.Count - 1, book, sheetName); else { int page = dt.Rows.Count / EXCEL03_MaxRow; for (int i = 0; i < page; i++) { int start = i * EXCEL03_MaxRow; int end = (i * EXCEL03_MaxRow) + EXCEL03_MaxRow - 1; DataWrite2Sheet(dt, start, end, book, sheetName + i.ToString()); } int lastPageItemCount = dt.Rows.Count % EXCEL03_MaxRow; DataWrite2Sheet(dt, dt.Rows.Count - lastPageItemCount, lastPageItemCount, book, sheetName + page.ToString()); } MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(); book.Write(ms); return ms.ToArray(); } private void DataWrite2Sheet(DataTable dt, int startRow, int endRow, IWorkbook book,string sheetName) { ISheet sheet = book.CreateSheet(sheetName); IRow header = sheet.CreateRow(0); for (int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++) { ICell cell = header.CreateCell(i); string val = dt.Columns[i].Caption ?? dt.Columns[i].ColumnName; cell.SetCellValue(val); } int rowIndex = 1; for (int i = startRow; i <= endRow; i++) { DataRow dtRow = dt.Rows[i]; IRow excelRow = sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex++); for (int j = 0; j < dtRow.ItemArray.Length; j++) { excelRow.CreateCell(j).SetCellValue(dtRow[j].ToString()); } } } } }
该类实现将DataTable转化为excel2003的二进制格式,如果DataTable的行数超过了excel2003的最大行数限制,还会分成多个sheet表。
使用示例则如下:
public void test() { DataTable dt = new DataTable(); DataColumn[] cols = new DataColumn[] { new DataColumn("name",typeof(string)), new DataColumn ("birthday",typeof(DateTime)), new DataColumn ("score",typeof(int)) }; dt.Columns.AddRange(cols); Random rnd = new Random(); for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { DataRow row = dt.NewRow(); object[] items = new object[] { "小明", DateTime.Now , rnd.Next(100) }; row.ItemArray = items; dt.Rows.Add(row); } myExcelLib.ExcelHelper myhelper = new myExcelLib.ExcelHelper(); byte[] data = myhelper.DataTable2Excel(dt,"人员名录"); string path = "d:\temp" + DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString() + ".xls"; if (!File.Exists(path)) { FileStream fs = new FileStream(path, FileMode.CreateNew); fs.Write(data, 0, data.Length); fs.Close(); } }
看完码,接下来且听我解释:
整个ExcelHelper的类只提供了一个公共函数DataTable2Excel,参数也很简单,就把DataTable和一个将生成的sheet表名传过去便可。不过我们导出的excel表第一行通常都是列头名称,例如数据里的列名是“name”,但是我们需要显示在excel里头是“名字”,所以这里的DataTable还需要稍加修饰,例如dt.columns[“name”].Caption=”名字”。这样会在生成的excel里的首行显示“名字”这么个列头了。