python爬微博

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import urllib.request
import json

#定义要爬取的微博大V的微博ID
id='3924739974'

#设置代理IP
proxy_addr="122.241.72.191:808"

#定义页面打开函数
def use_proxy(url,proxy_addr):
    req=urllib.request.Request(url)
    req.add_header("User-Agent","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/49.0.2623.221 Safari/537.36 SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0")
    proxy=urllib.request.ProxyHandler({'http':proxy_addr})
    opener=urllib.request.build_opener(proxy,urllib.request.HTTPHandler)
    urllib.request.install_opener(opener)
    data=urllib.request.urlopen(req).read().decode('utf-8','ignore')
    return data

#获取微博主页的containerid，爬取微博内容时需要此id
def get_containerid(url):
    data=use_proxy(url,proxy_addr)
    content=json.loads(data).get('data')
    for data in content.get('tabsInfo').get('tabs'):
        if(data.get('tab_type')=='weibo'):
            containerid=data.get('containerid')
    return containerid

#获取微博大V账号的用户基本信息，如：微博昵称、微博地址、微博头像、关注人数、粉丝数、性别、等级等
def get_userInfo(id):
    url='https://m.weibo.cn/api/container/getIndex?type=uid&value='+id
    data=use_proxy(url,proxy_addr)
    content=json.loads(data).get('data')
    profile_image_url=content.get('userInfo').get('profile_image_url')
    description=content.get('userInfo').get('description')
    profile_url=content.get('userInfo').get('profile_url')
    verified=content.get('userInfo').get('verified')
    guanzhu=content.get('userInfo').get('follow_count')
    name=content.get('userInfo').get('screen_name')
    fensi=content.get('userInfo').get('followers_count')
    gender=content.get('userInfo').get('gender')
    urank=content.get('userInfo').get('urank')
    print("微博昵称："+name+"
"+"微博主页地址："+profile_url+"
"+"微博头像地址："+profile_image_url+"
"+"是否认证："+str(verified)+"
"+"微博说明："+description+"
"+"关注人数："+str(guanzhu)+"
"+"粉丝数："+str(fensi)+"
"+"性别："+gender+"
"+"微博等级："+str(urank)+"
")


#获取微博内容信息,并保存到文本中，内容包括：每条微博的内容、微博详情页面地址、点赞数、评论数、转发数等
def get_weibo(id,file):
    i=1

    url = 'https://m.weibo.cn/api/container/getIndex?type=uid&value=' + id
    weibo_url = 'https://m.weibo.cn/api/container/getIndex?type=uid&value=' + id + '&containerid=' + get_containerid(
        url) + '&page=' + str(i)
    try:
        data = use_proxy(weibo_url, proxy_addr)
        content = json.loads(data).get('data')
        cards = content.get('cards')
        print(content)
        '''
        if(len(cards)>0):
            for j in range(len(cards)):
                print("-----正在爬取第"+str(i)+"页，第"+str(j)+"条微博------")
                card_type=cards[j].get('card_type')
                if(card_type==9):
                    mblog=cards[j].get('mblog')
                    attitudes_count=mblog.get('attitudes_count')
                    comments_count=mblog.get('comments_count')
                    created_at=mblog.get('created_at')
                    reposts_count=mblog.get('reposts_count')
                    scheme=cards[j].get('scheme')
                    text=mblog.get('text')
                    with open(file,'a',encoding='utf-8') as fh:
                        fh.write("----第"+str(i)+"页，第"+str(j)+"条微博----"+"
")
                        fh.write("微博地址："+str(scheme)+"
"+"发布时间："+str(created_at)+"
"+"微博内容："+text+"
"+"点赞数："+str(attitudes_count)+"
"+"评论数："+str(comments_count)+"
"+"转发数："+str(reposts_count)+"
")
            i+=1
        else:
            break
        '''
    except Exception as e:
        print(e)
        pass

    '''
    while True:
        url='https://m.weibo.cn/api/container/getIndex?type=uid&value='+id
        weibo_url='https://m.weibo.cn/api/container/getIndex?type=uid&value='+id+'&containerid='+get_containerid(url)+'&page='+str(i)
        try:
            data=use_proxy(weibo_url,proxy_addr)
            content=json.loads(data).get('data')
            cards=content.get('cards')
            print(content)

            if(len(cards)>0):
                for j in range(len(cards)):
                    print("-----正在爬取第"+str(i)+"页，第"+str(j)+"条微博------")
                    card_type=cards[j].get('card_type')
                    if(card_type==9):
                        mblog=cards[j].get('mblog')
                        attitudes_count=mblog.get('attitudes_count')
                        comments_count=mblog.get('comments_count')
                        created_at=mblog.get('created_at')
                        reposts_count=mblog.get('reposts_count')
                        scheme=cards[j].get('scheme')
                        text=mblog.get('text')
                        with open(file,'a',encoding='utf-8') as fh:
                            fh.write("----第"+str(i)+"页，第"+str(j)+"条微博----"+"
")
                            fh.write("微博地址："+str(scheme)+"
"+"发布时间："+str(created_at)+"
"+"微博内容："+text+"
"+"点赞数："+str(attitudes_count)+"
"+"评论数："+str(comments_count)+"
"+"转发数："+str(reposts_count)+"
")
                i+=1
            else:
                break

        except Exception as e:
            print(e)
            pass
    '''
if __name__=="__main__":
    file=id+".txt"
    get_userInfo(id)
    get_weibo(id,file)