Windows下父进程监视子进程状态

最近研究自动化测试，需要获取程序的运行状态及结果，下面是些参考资料。

原文地址：http://blog.csdn.net/ariesjzj/article/details/7226443 

Linux下有功能强大ptrace，用于让父进程监视/修改/控制子进程的状态。Windows也提供了类似的接口，那就是Debuging API，用它可以编写用户级的调试器。

 下面是一个例子，用以实现父进程创建并监视子进程运行状态。 

#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <windows.h>

#define MAX_PARAM_LEN       4096

int main( int argc, char ** argv )
{
    int i, j = 0, len;
    char command_buf[MAX_PARAM_LEN];

    STARTUPINFO si;
    PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
    DEBUG_EVENT de;
    BOOL stop = FALSE;

    ZeroMemory( &si, sizeof(si) );
    si.cb = sizeof(si);
    ZeroMemory( &pi, sizeof(pi) );

    if (argc<2) {
        printf("Usage: %s <app_name> [arguments ...]
", argv[0]);
        return 0;
    }

    // Combine the module name and params into one string.
    for (i = 1; i < argc; ++i) {
        len = strlen(argv[i]);
        if (len >= MAX_PARAM_LEN - j - 1) {
            printf("buffer overflow
");
            exit(-1);
        }
        j += _snprintf(command_buf + j, MAX_PARAM_LEN - j, "%s ", argv[i]);
        command_buf[j] = '';  // just for sure
    }

    if( !CreateProcess(NULL, command_buf, NULL, NULL, FALSE,
        DEBUG_ONLY_THIS_PROCESS, NULL, NULL, &si, &pi ) ) {
            printf( "CreateProcess failed (%d).
", GetLastError() );
            exit(-1);
    }

    while (TRUE) {
        WaitForDebugEvent (&de, INFINITE);

        switch (de.dwDebugEventCode) {
        case EXCEPTION_DEBUG_EVENT:         /* exception */
            switch (de.u.Exception.ExceptionRecord.ExceptionCode) {
            case   EXCEPTION_INT_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO:    /* #DE */
                // Do what the parent process want to do when the child process gets #DE interrupt.
                TerminateProcess(pi.hProcess,1);
                break;
            case   EXCEPTION_BREAKPOINT:            /* #BP */
                // Do what the parent process want to do when the child process gets #BP interrupt.
                break;

            default:
                printf("Unknown Exception
");
                break;
            }

            ContinueDebugEvent(de.dwProcessId,de.dwThreadId,DBG_EXCEPTION_HANDLED);
            continue;

        case CREATE_PROCESS_DEBUG_EVENT:        /* child process created */

            // Do what the parent process want to do when the child process was created.
            break;

        case EXIT_PROCESS_DEBUG_EVENT:          /* child process exits */
            stop = TRUE;

            // Do what the parent process want to do when the child process exits.
            break;

        default:
            printf("Unknown Event!
");
            break;
        }

        if (TRUE == stop) {
            //printf("Process exit
");
            break;
        }

        ContinueDebugEvent (de.dwProcessId, de.dwThreadId, DBG_CONTINUE);

    } // end of loop

    assert(stop);

    CloseHandle( pi.hProcess );
    CloseHandle( pi.hThread );

    return 0;
}

程序参数为要监视的子进程及子进程的参数。注意一个正常的进程被创建出来后会先后收到CREATE_PROCESS_DEBUG_EVENT, EXCEPTION_DEBUG_EVENT中的EXCEPTION_BREAKPOINT和EXIT_PROCESS_DEBUG_EVENT。所以如果你不想子进程创建起来就出错，那就让处理断点的分支跳去执行ContinueDebugEvent(..., DBG_EXCEPTION_HANDLED)。

例子仅含框架，如要attach到已有进程请参见DebugActiveProcess，要修改子进程状态请参见RriteProcessMemory和WriteProcessMemory等函数。

一些参考资料：

Debugging API examples: http://www.debuginfo.com/examples/dbgexamples.html

Writing the Debugger's Main Loop: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms681675(v=vs.85).aspx

Using the Windows Debugging API: http://www.howzatt.demon.co.uk/articles/SimpleDebugger.html

Debugging Functions: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms679303

Win32调试API:http://hi.baidu.com/combojiang/blog/item/efb56e8ff0ebbfebf11f3654.html

利用Win32 Debug API打造自己的Debugger: http://hi.baidu.com/olhack/blog/item/c1e896508250e86284352407.html

The Debugging Application Programming Interface: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms809754.aspx

在主进程中捕获子进程的异常:http://blog.csdn.net/simbi/article/details/3705719

Windows Debugging API: http://my.safaribooksonline.com/book/networking/intrusion-detection/9780321446114/in-memory-fuzzing-automation/ch20lev1sec3