二进制安装MySQL

下载mysql包，也可以自己上传到机器

[root@db01 ~]# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

一.安装

1.安装依赖
yum install -y ncurses-devel libaio-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc cmake autoconf

2.解雅tgz的包
[root@db01 ~]# tar xf mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

3.移动目录
[root@db01 ~]# mv mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/

4.做软链接
[root@db01 ~]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

5.创建mysql用户
[root@db01 ~]# useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M

6.拷贝配置文件和启动脚本
[root@db01 ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files/
[root@db01 support-files]# cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp: overwrite ‘/etc/my.cnf’? y

[root@db01 support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld


7.初始化数据库

[root@db01 ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/scripts/
[root@db01 scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

--user:    指定用户
--basedir: 指定安装目录
--datadir: 指定数据目录

#初始化成功的标志是有两个ok，再看最后有没有error

二.配置环境和systemctl管理

8.配置环境变量
[root@db01 scripts]# vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH

[root@db01 scripts]# source /etc/profile


9.配置systemctl管理mysql

[root@db01 scripts]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000

[root@db01 scripts]# systemctl daemon-reload

三.启动数据库

10.启动数据库
[root@db01 scripts]# systemctl start mysqld

11.确认启动

[root@db01 scripts]# ps -ef | grep mysql
mysql     12886      1  2 03:10 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
root      12921  10636  0 03:11 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql

12.进入mysql
[root@db01 scripts]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.46 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

四.想要使用二进制安装到指定的目录下时（补充）

1.安装依赖

2.解压包

3.创建自定义的目录

#例：/service
[root@db01 ~]# mkdir /service

4.移动目录并做软连接

[root@db01 ~]# mv mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /service/
[root@db01 ~]# ln -s /service/mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /service/mysql

5.创建用户

[root@db01 ~]# useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M

6.拷贝配置文件和启动脚本

[root@db01 ~]# cd /service/mysql/support-files/
[root@db01 support-files]# cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp: overwrite '/etc/my.cnf'? y       
[root@db01 support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

7.初始化数据库

[root@db01 support-files]# cd /service/mysql/scripts/
[root@db01 scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/service/mysql --datadir=/service/mysql/data

8.配置systemctl管理mysql

[root@db01 scripts]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/service/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000

[root@db01 scripts]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@db01 scripts]# systemctl start mysqld

#这是你会发现 netstat -lntp 没有 3306端口

9.使用init 启动数据库，修改

[root@m01 scripts]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start

#启动失败，因为mysql文件中很多都是/usr/local/mysql，我们需要替换
[root@db01 mysql]# sed -i 's#/usr/local/mysql#/service/mysql#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld /service/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe 
 
#修改配置文件
[root@db01 mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf

  18 basedir = /service/mysql
  19 datadir = /service/mysql/data

#再次启动
[root@db01 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/service/mysql/data/db01.err'.
 SUCCESS! 

10.配置环境变量

[root@db01 scripts]# vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
export PATH=/service/mysql/bin:$PATH

[root@db01 mysql]# source /etc/profile

11.确认启动

[root@m01 scripts]# netstat -lntp   
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      12886/mysqld