【Python学习】操作excel样例

1、写入并读取excel表格的数据

  1 #!usr/bin/python
  2 #-*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
  3 #Author:mollsweet
  4 import xlwt
  5 import xlrd
  6 from datetime import *
  7 import sys
  8 import traceback
  9 from datetime import datetime
 10 from xlrd import xldate_as_tuple
 11 from xlutils.copy import copy #复制原excel格式
 12 reload(sys)
 13 sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
 14 account_date=datetime.now().strftime('%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S')#获取当前系统日期
 15 path=r"F:PyCharm 2017.2.3PycharmProjects20190304filemoll_excel.xls"
 16 path01=r"F:PyCharm 2017.2.3PycharmProjects20190304filemollnew_excel.xls"
 17 def write_excel():
 18     book = xlwt.Workbook(encoding='utf-8', style_compression=0)#创建excel表格
 19     sheet = book.add_sheet('工作簿01', cell_overwrite_ok=True)#表格中添加工作簿
 20 
 21     # 第range(0,3):2列的宽度，也可以循环设置整个工作簿的宽度
 22     for i in list(range(0,3)):
 23         sheet.col(i).width = 7000
 24     sheet.col(0).width = 3000
 25 
 26     #设置标题的背景颜色为蓝色
 27     pattern = xlwt.Pattern() # Create the Pattern
 28     pattern.pattern = xlwt.Pattern.SOLID_PATTERN # May be: NO_PATTERN, SOLID_PATTERN, or 0x00 through 0x12
 29     pattern.pattern_fore_colour = 3 # May be: 8 through 63. 0 = Black, 1 = White, 2 = Red, 3 = Green, 4 = Blue, 5 = Yellow, 6 = Magenta, 7 = Cyan, 16 = Maroon, 17 = Dark Green, 18 = Dark Blue, 19 = Dark Yellow , almost brown), 20 = Dark Magenta, 21 = Teal, 22 = Light Gray, 23 = Dark Gray, the list goes on...
 30     style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create the Pattern
 31     style.pattern = pattern # Add Pattern to Style
 32     # sheet.write(0, 0, 'Cell Contents', style) #将样式写入表格
 33 
 34     ##横向标题
 35     txt0 = '数据类型'
 36     sheet.write(0, 0, txt0.decode('utf-8'),style)  # 此处需要将中文字符串解码成unicode码，否则会报错，弄成英文将不用转换格式
 37     txt1 = '内容'
 38     sheet.write(0, 1, txt1.decode('utf-8'),style)
 39     txt2 = '备注'
 40     sheet.write(0, 2, txt2.decode('utf-8'),style)
 41 
 42     #写入第一列的内容
 43     sheet.write(1, 0, '整型'.decode('utf-8'))
 44     sheet.write(2, 0, '字符串'.decode('utf-8'))
 45     sheet.write(3, 0, '浮点型'.decode('utf-8'))
 46     sheet.write(4, 0, '日期'.decode('utf-8'))
 47     sheet.write(5, 0, '空值'.decode('utf-8'))
 48     sheet.write(6, 0, '布尔型'.decode('utf-8'))
 49 
 50     #写入第2列的内容
 51     sheet.write(1, 1, 12000)
 52     sheet.write(2, 1, '心里有光，眼里有太阳'.decode('utf-8'))
 53     sheet.write(3, 1, 12000.99)
 54     sheet.write(4, 1, account_date)
 55     sheet.write(5, 1, )
 56     sheet.write(6, 1, True)
 57     note="备注数据"
 58     # 写入第3列的内容
 59     sheet.write(1, 2, note)
 60     sheet.write(2, 2, note)
 61     sheet.write(3, 2, note)
 62     sheet.write(4, 2, note)
 63     sheet.write(5, 2,note )
 64     sheet.write(6, 2, note)
 65 
 66     book.save(path)
 67     print "创建工作表格成功！"
 68     print ""
 69 
 70 ############################读出表格的内容
 71 class excelHandle:
 72     def decode(self, filename, sheetname):
 73         try:
 74             filename = filename.decode('utf-8')
 75             sheetname = sheetname.decode('utf-8')
 76         except Exception:
 77             print traceback.print_exc()
 78         return filename, sheetname
 79 
 80     def read_excel(self, filename, sheetname):
 81         filename, sheetname = self.decode(filename, sheetname)
 82         rbook = xlrd.open_workbook(filename)
 83         sheet = rbook.sheet_by_name(sheetname)
 84         rows = sheet.nrows
 85         cols = sheet.ncols
 86         all_content = []
 87         for i in range(rows):
 88             row_content = []
 89             for j in range(cols):
 90                 ctype = sheet.cell(i, j).ctype  # 表格的数据类型
 91                 cell = sheet.cell_value(i, j)
 92                 if ctype == 2 and cell % 1 == 0:  # 如果是整形
 93                     cell = int(cell)
 94                 elif ctype == 3:
 95                     # 转成datetime对象
 96                     date = datetime(*xldate_as_tuple(cell, 0))
 97                     cell = date.strftime('%Y/%d/%m %H:%M:%S')
 98                 elif ctype == 4:
 99                     cell = True if cell == 1 else False
100                 row_content.append(cell)
101             all_content.append(row_content)
102             print '[' + ','.join("'" + str(element) + "'" for element in row_content) + ']'
103         return all_content
104 
105 
106 def openfile():#打开一个文件写入数据，不改变之前文档的格式
107     old_book=xlrd.open_workbook(path,formatting_info=True)
108     new_book=copy(old_book)
109     newWs = new_book.get_sheet(0)
110     style1 = xlwt.XFStyle()
111     style1.num_format_str = 'yyyy/m/d'
112 
113     newWs.write(4, 1, account_date, style1)
114     # 写入第2列的内容
115     print "^^^^^^^^^^^"
116     print account_date
117     new_book.save(path01)
118     print "复制并创建工作表格成功！"
119     print ""
120 if __name__ == '__main__':
121     write_excel()
122     # openfile()
123     eh = excelHandle()
124     filename = path
125     sheetname = '工作簿01'
126     eh.read_excel(filename, sheetname)