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  • 【Python学习】Python 写Windows Service服务程序

    如下遇到自己编写的服务无法启动

    需要添加环境变量(标红的)

    C:Python27Scripts;C:Python27;C:Python27chromedriver.exe;C:Python27Libsite-packageswin32;C:Python27Libsite-packagespywin32_system32;

    1.需求

    为什么要开发一个windows服务呢?之前做一个程序,必须要读取指定目录文件License, 因为其他程序也在读取这指定目录的License文件,且License不同时会修改License的内容,
    修改了License后导致我们的程序无法运行,所以想做个windows 的服务时时检测这个License文件是否被修改,如果检测到被修改就覆盖该License。

    2.依赖的第三方库

    必须要借助第三方模块pywin32
    下载地址: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pywin32/214

    3.实现过程

    实例化win32serviceutil.ServiceFramework的时候,windows系统会自动调用SvcDoRun方法,
    这个函数的执行不可以结束,因为结束就代表服务停止。所以当我们放自己的代码在SvcDoRun函数中执行的时候,必须确保该函数不退出,类似与这样的效果:

    1 def SvcDoRun(self):
    2        while True:
    3             self._LicenseExist()
    4             time.sleep(2)

    当停止服务的时候,系统会调用SvcDoStop函数,该函数通过设置标志位等方式让SvcDoRun函数退出,就是正常的停止服务。
    win32event.SetEvent(self.hWaitStop) 通过事件退出

    服务操作命令:

    复制代码
     1 #1.安装服务
     2 
     3 python PythonService.py install
     4 
     5 #2.让服务自动启动
     6 
     7 python PythonService.py --startup auto install 
     8 
     9 #3.启动服务
    10 
    11 python PythonService.py start
    12 
    13 #4.重启服务
    14 
    15 python PythonService.py restart
    16 
    17 #5.停止服务
    18 
    19 python PythonService.py stop
    20 
    21 #6.删除/卸载服务
    22 
    23 python PythonService.py remove
    复制代码

    4.完整代码:

    复制代码
     1 # -*- coding: UTF8 -*-
     2 # 
     3 import win32serviceutil 
     4 import win32service 
     5 import win32event
     6 import winerror
     7 import servicemanager
     8 import os, sys, time
     9 
    10 class PythonService(win32serviceutil.ServiceFramework): 
    11 
    12     _svc_name_ = "ALicense"   #  服务名
    13     _svc_display_name_ = "ALicense Is Exist "   # 服务在windows系统中显示的名称
    14     _svc_description_ = "ALicense  Is Exist License windows"   #服务的描述
    15 
    16     def __init__(self, args): 
    17         win32serviceutil.ServiceFramework.__init__(self, args) 
    18         self.hWaitStop = win32event.CreateEvent(None, 0, 0, None)
    19         self.License = self._LicenseExist()
    20         self.run = True
    21         
    22     def _LicenseExist(self):
    23         is_exist=os.path.exists('C:License.dat')
    24         string_key='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'
    25         if is_exist:
    26             for line in open("C:License.dat"):
    27                 if line!=string_key:
    28                     self.writer(string_key)
    29         else:
    30             self.writer(string_key)
    31     # 写入License        
    32     def writer(self, string_key):
    33         f=open('C:License.dat','w')
    34         f.write(string_key)
    35         f.close()
    36         
    37     def SvcDoRun(self):
    38         while self.run:
    39             # 已经运行
    40             self._LicenseExist()
    41             time.sleep(2)   #推迟调用线程的运行2秒
    42                 
    43     def SvcStop(self): 
    44         # 服务已经停止
    45         self.ReportServiceStatus(win32service.SERVICE_STOP_PENDING) 
    46         win32event.SetEvent(self.hWaitStop) 
    47         self.run = False
    48 
    49 if __name__=='__main__':
    50     if len(sys.argv) == 1:
    51         try:
    52             evtsrc_dll = os.path.abspath(servicemanager.__file__)
    53             servicemanager.PrepareToHostSingle(PythonService)
    54             servicemanager.Initialize('PythonService', evtsrc_dll)
    55             servicemanager.StartServiceCtrlDispatcher()
    56         except win32service.error, details:
    57             if details[0] == winerror.ERROR_FAILED_SERVICE_CONTROLLER_CONNECT:
    58                 win32serviceutil.usage()
    59     else:
    60         win32serviceutil.HandleCommandLine(PythonService)
    复制代码

    5.效果与问题

    当直接运行py文件访问是可以添加服务,且服务也可运行,但是使用pyinstaller打包exe后程序就不能正常执行,
    提示:错误1053 服务没有及时相应启动或控制请求

    google 后找到解决方法,
    原理我也不是很懂,貌似是要在实例化windows服务类时候,监控服务调度

    复制代码
     1     if len(sys.argv) == 1:
     2         try:
     3             evtsrc_dll = os.path.abspath(servicemanager.__file__)
     4             servicemanager.PrepareToHostSingle(PythonService)
     5             servicemanager.Initialize('PythonService', evtsrc_dll)
     6             servicemanager.StartServiceCtrlDispatcher()
     7         except win32service.error, details:
     8             if details[0] == winerror.ERROR_FAILED_SERVICE_CONTROLLER_CONNECT:
     9                 win32serviceutil.usage()
    10     else:
    11         win32serviceutil.HandleCommandLine(PythonService)
    复制代码

    pyinstaller 打包为控制台文件

    1 if __name__ == '__main__':
    2     from PyInstaller.main import run
    3     params=['windows_services_in_python.py', '-F', '-c', '--icon=favicon.ico']
    4     run(params)

    打包后CMD到改目录:

    放行杀毒软件拦截

     

    6.管理window服务操作

    完整代码:

    复制代码
      1 #!/usr/bin/env python
      2 # -*- coding: UTF8 -*-
      3 #
      4 import win32service
      5 import win32con
      6 import time, sys
      7 import datetime
      8 reload(sys)
      9 sys.setdefaultencoding("utf8")
     10 class ServiceManager(object):
     11     """管理window服务"""
     12 
     13     def __init__(self, name):
     14         """
     15         name: 服务的名称
     16         """
     17         self.name = name
     18         
     19         #启动或停止服务时等待操作成功等待时间
     20         self.wait_time = 0.5
     21         #启动或停止服务时最大等待时间,超过时返回超时提示
     22         self.delay_time = 10
     23         self.scm = win32service.OpenSCManager(None, None, win32service.SC_MANAGER_ALL_ACCESS)
     24 
     25 
     26         if self.is_exists():
     27             try:
     28                 self.handle = win32service.OpenService(self.scm, self.name, win32service.SC_MANAGER_ALL_ACCESS)
     29             except Exception, e:
     30                 self.log(e)
     31         else:
     32             print '服务 %s 没有安装'.encode('gbk') % self.name
     33             
     34 
     35     def is_stop(self):
     36         """检查服务是否停止"""
     37         flag = False
     38         try:
     39             if self.handle:
     40                 ret = win32service.QueryServiceStatus(self.handle)
     41                 flag = ret[1] != win32service.SERVICE_RUNNING
     42         except Exception, e:
     43             self.log(e)
     44         return flag
     45 
     46     def start(self):
     47         """开启服务"""
     48         try:
     49             if self.handle:
     50                 win32service.StartService(self.handle, None)
     51         except Exception, e:
     52             self.log(e)
     53         status_info = win32service.QueryServiceStatus(self.handle)
     54 
     55         if status_info[1] == win32service.SERVICE_RUNNING:
     56             return '启动服务%s成功'.encode('gbk') % self.name
     57         elif status_info[1] == win32service.SERVICE_START_PENDING:
     58             #如果服务正在启动中则延迟返回启动信息,直到启动成功,或返回启动时间过长信息
     59             start_time = datetime.datetime.now()
     60             while True:
     61                 if (datetime.datetime.now() - start_time).seconds > self.delay_time:
     62                     return '启动服务%s时间太长'.encode('gbk') % self.name
     63 
     64                 time.sleep(self.wait_time)
     65                 if win32service.QueryServiceStatus(self.handle)[1] == win32service.SERVICE_RUNNING:
     66                     return '启动服务%s成功'.encode('gbk') % self.name
     67         else:
     68             return '启动服务%s失败'.encode('gbk') % self.name
     69 
     70     def stop(self):
     71         """停止服务"""
     72         try:
     73             status_info = win32service.ControlService(self.handle, win32service.SERVICE_CONTROL_STOP)
     74         except Exception, e:
     75             self.log(e)
     76         if status_info[1] == win32service.SERVICE_STOPPED:
     77             return '停止服务%s成功'.encode('gbk') % self.name
     78         elif status_info[1] == win32service.SERVICE_STOP_PENDING:
     79             start_time = datetime.datetime.now()
     80             while True:
     81                 if (datetime.datetime.now() - start_time).seconds > self.delay_time:
     82                     return '停止服务%s时间太长'.encode('gbk') % self.name
     83 
     84                 time.sleep(self.wait_time)
     85                 if win32service.QueryServiceStatus(self.handle)[1] == win32service.SERVICE_STOPPED:
     86                     return '停止服务%s成功'.encode('gbk') % self.name
     87         else:
     88             return '停止服务%s失败'.encode('gbk') % self.name
     89 
     90     def restart(self):
     91         """重启服务"""
     92         if not self.is_stop():
     93             self.stop()
     94         self.start()
     95         return win32service.QueryServiceStatus(self.handle)
     96 
     97     def status(self):
     98         """获取运行的状态"""
     99         try:
    100             status_info = win32service.QueryServiceStatus(self.handle)
    101             status = status_info[1]
    102             if status == win32service.SERVICE_STOPPED:
    103                 return "STOPPED"
    104             elif status == win32service.SERVICE_START_PENDING:
    105                 return "STARTING"
    106             elif status == win32service.SERVICE_STOP_PENDING:
    107                 return "STOPPING"
    108             elif status == win32service.SERVICE_RUNNING:
    109                 return "RUNNING"
    110         except Exception, e:
    111             self.log(e)
    112 
    113     def close(self):
    114         """释放资源"""
    115         try:
    116             if self.scm:
    117                 win32service.CloseServiceHandle(self.handle)
    118                 win32service.CloseServiceHandle(self.scm)
    119         except Exception, e:
    120             self.log(e)
    121 
    122     def is_exists(self):
    123         """windows服务是否已安装"""
    124         statuses = win32service.EnumServicesStatus(self.scm, win32service.SERVICE_WIN32, win32service.SERVICE_STATE_ALL)
    125         for (short_name, desc, status) in statuses:
    126             if short_name == self.name:
    127                 return True
    128         return False
    129 
    130     def log(self, exception):
    131         
    132         print(exception)
    133         
    134         
    135 
    136 if __name__=='__main__':
    137 
    138     app= ServiceManager('AAaservice')
    139     msg= app.is_exists()  # 判断是否安装  (以下操作必须先判断服务是否存在)
    140     #msg= app.is_stop()  # 判断服务是否停止
    141     #msg= app.status()  # 查看服务的状态
    142     #msg= app.start()  # 开启服务
    143     #msg= app.stop()  # 暂停服务   (服务开启才能停止,else error)
    144     #msg= app.restart()  # 重启服务
    145     
    146     print(msg)
    复制代码

    7.参考地址:

    python添加服务:         http://blog.csdn.net/kmust20093211/article/details/42169323
    python添加服务:         http://www.chrisumbel.com/article/windows_services_in_python
    打包无法运行服务:        http://zhangweide.cn/archive/2013/pyinstaller-package-windows-service.html

    python管理window服务  https://github.com/zhulin3141/PPServ/edit/master/service_manager.py

    转载地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/dcb3688/p/4496934.html

    作者:gtea 博客地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/gtea
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/gtea/p/13176273.html
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