1.用sys用户远程登陆
[oracle@edbjr2p2 admin]$ sqlplus system/oracle@PROD3 as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Wed Jun 12 18:19:27 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
ERROR:
ORA-01031: insufficient privileges
2.开始排查原因
1）首先tnsping PROD3(检查监听客户端是否能ping通）
[oracle@edbjr2p2 dbs]$ tnsping PROD3
TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 12-JUN-2019 18:42:00
Copyright (c) 1997, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Used parameter files:
Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = edbjr2p2.example.com)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = PROD3.us.oracle.com)))
OK (0 msec)
--以上结果证明监听客户端没问题
2）参数remote_login_passwordfile参数设置是否正确（应该为exclusive）
SYS@PROD3>show parameter remote_login_passwordfile
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
remote_login_passwordfile string EXCLUSIVE
3）检查密码文件是否正确
SYS@PROD3>select * from v$pwfile_users; --如果为空，证明密码文件有问题
4）去查看密码文件
cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
ls
发现密码文件名字为：orapwdPROD3 （正确名字格式应为prapwPROD3)
5)重建密码文件
[oracle@edbjr2p2 dbs]$ orapwd file=orapwPROD3 password=oracle entries=30 force=y
6）远程登陆,正常
[oracle@edbjr2p2 dbs]$ sqlplus sys/oracle@PROD3 as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Wed Jun 12 18:51:54 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
7）再次查询v$pwfile_users视图，验证密码文件状态，以下即为正常
SYS@PROD3>select * from v$pwfile_users;
USERNAME SYSDB SYSOP SYSAS
------------------------------ ----- ----- -----
SYS TRUE TRUE FALSE