Maven的学习资料收集--（六） 构建Hibernate项目

前面我们使用Maven构建了Struts2项目，这里我们来试一下Hibernate项目：

这里的例子，大体框架应该是正确的，但是，对于Maven的很多约定都没有掌握，估计包的命名都不是非常好，等以后，理解深刻了再改吧

1. 构建一个基本的Web项目

这里请参考前面的博客，一样的

2. 添加依赖，修改pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.deppon.demo</groupId>
  <artifactId>test03</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>test03 Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

   <!-- 属性配置 -->
  <properties>
      <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.10</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 添加Hibernate依赖 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
        <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
        <version>3.6.5.Final</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 添加Log4J依赖 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>log4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.16</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
      <version>1.6.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>slf4j-nop</artifactId>
        <version>1.6.4</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 添加javassist -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javassist</groupId>
        <artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
        <version>3.11.0.GA</version>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <finalName>test03</finalName>
  </build>

</project>

在保存的时候，Maven会自动从库中各种包下载到本地，如果有异常的话，可以尝试手动下载

3. 添加hibernate.cfg.xml和log4j.properties资源文件

注意，资源文件的话，根据约定，需要放在src/main/resources文件夹下

hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>

        <!-- Database connection settings -->
        <property name="connection.driver_class">com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver</property>
        <property name="connection.url">jdbc:sqlserver://localhost:1433;DatabaseName=Demo</property>
        <property name="connection.username">ygy</property>
        <property name="connection.password">shishi</property>
        <property name="javax.persistence.validation.mode">none</property>

        <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.SQLServerDialect</property>

        <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>

        <property name="show_sql">true</property>
        <property name="format_sql">true</property>

        <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>

        <mapping class="com.deppon.test03.entity.PersonEntity"/>
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

log4j.properties

log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.out
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n

log4j.rootLogger=debug, stdout

log4j.logger.org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl=debug

4. 新建一个实体类，测试一下

PersonEntity.java

package com.deppon.test03.entity;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name = "t_person")
public class PersonEntity implements java.io.Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -4376187124011546736L;

    private Integer id;
    private String name;

    @Id
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    @Column(length = 50 , nullable = false , unique = true)
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "PersonEntity [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + "]";
    }

}

HibernateUtil.java

package com.deppon.test03.util;

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

public class HibernateUtil {
    /** ThreadLocal Session Map */
    public static final ThreadLocal<Session> SESSIONMAP = new ThreadLocal<Session>();
    private static final SessionFactory sessionFactory;
    private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(HibernateUtil.class);

    static {
        try {
            LOGGER.debug("HibernateUti.static - loading cofig");
            sessionFactory = new Configuration().configure("hibernate.cfg.xml")
                    .buildSessionFactory();
            LOGGER.debug("HibernateUtil.static - end");
        } catch (Throwable ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
            LOGGER.error("HibernateUti error : ExceptionInInitializerError");
            throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(ex);
        }
    }

    private HibernateUtil() {

    }

    public static Session getSession() throws HibernateException {
        Session session = SESSIONMAP.get();

        if(session == null) {
            session = sessionFactory.openSession();
            SESSIONMAP.set(session);
        }

        return session;
    }

    public static void closeSession() throws HibernateException {
        Session session = SESSIONMAP.get();
        SESSIONMAP.set(null);

        if(session != null) {
            session.close();
        }
    }

}

测试类 ModelTest.java

package com.deppon.test03.model;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.deppon.test03.entity.PersonEntity;
import com.deppon.test03.util.HibernateUtil;

public class ModelTest {

    @Test
    public void testGetSession() {
        Session session = HibernateUtil.getSession();

        Assert.assertNotNull(session);

        HibernateUtil.closeSession();
    }

    @Test
    public void testExport() {
        new SchemaExport(new Configuration().configure()).create(true , true);
    }

    @Test
    public void testSave() {
        PersonEntity person = new PersonEntity();
        person.setId(100);
        person.setName("路飞");

        Session session = HibernateUtil.getSession();
        Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

        session.save(person);

        tx.commit();
        HibernateUtil.closeSession();
    }

    @Test
    public void testQuery() {
        Session session = HibernateUtil.getSession();
        session.beginTransaction();

        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
        List<PersonEntity> personList = session.createQuery("select p from PersonEntity p").list();

        for(PersonEntity eachPerson : personList) {
            System.out.println(eachPerson);
        }

        session.getTransaction().commit();
        HibernateUtil.closeSession();
    }

}

项目结构如下图所示：

对了，注意一下，在上面的pom.xml中，没有看到数据库驱动包，我用的是SQL Server，直接将jar包放到了项目的lib文件夹下，而从网上查的说，使用scope引入本地的包，试了一下，好像不行，等我再试一试。

5. 测试

如果你现在运行JUnit测试的话，是不会成功的，昨天晚上就是这个原因，提示说找不到hibernate.cfg.xml，

后来发现，在target文件夹下，并没有生成class文件，配置文件也没有，这样当然运行不成功

这里需要执行两个命令

使用CMD窗口，进入当前项目的根目录：

第一条命令：输入mvn compile

注意：这里一定要成功啊，即   BUILD SUCCESS

第二条命令：输入mvn test-compile

同样的，这里一定要 BUILD SUCCESS

这样的话，再一次运行测试程序，就可以成功了！