Java Excel 导入导出（一）

本文主要描述通过java实现Excel导入导出

一、读写Excel三种常用方式

1.JXL——Java Excel开放源码项目：读取，创建，更新

2.POI——Apache POI ,提供API给Java程序对Microsoft Office格式文档案读和写的功能——使用其HSSF(Horrible SpreadSheet Format， 格式支持97-2003，高版本请使用：XSSF)

3.FASTEXCEL——采用纯java开发的excel文件读写组件，支持Excel97-2003，功能小，一般不用。

二、JXL和POI对比

POI：效率高，操作相对复杂，支持公式、宏、图像图表，一些企业应用上会非常实用，能够修饰单元格属性，支持字体、数字日期操作

JXL：效率低，操作简单，能够修饰单元格属性，格式支持不如POI强大，支持字体、数字、日期操作

三、JXL创建Excel，解析Excel

Eclipse-java Project-properties-java Build Path-Libraries-add Externa JARS-选择jxl.jar

1.创建Excel，添加数据

import java.io.File;

import jxl.Workbook;
import jxl.write.Label;
import jxl.write.WritableSheet;
import jxl.write.WritableWorkbook;

public class JxlExpExcel {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String[] title = { "id", "name", "sex" };
        // 创建Excel文件
        File file = new File("e:/jxl_test.xls");
        try {
            file.createNewFile();
            // 创建工作薄
            WritableWorkbook workbook = Workbook.createWorkbook(file);
            // 创建Sheet
            WritableSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("sheet", 0);
            Label label = null;
            // 第一行设置列名
            for (int i = 0; i < title.length; i++) {
                label = new Label(i, 0, title[i]);
                sheet.addCell(label);
            }
            // 追加数据
            for (int i = 1; i < 10; i++) {
                label = new Label(0, i, "" + i);
                sheet.addCell(label);
                label = new Label(1, i, "user" + i);
                sheet.addCell(label);
                label = new Label(2, i, "男");
                sheet.addCell(label);
            }
            // 写入数据
            workbook.write();
            // 关闭流
            workbook.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}

2.读取Excel中数据，打印在控制台

import java.io.File;

import jxl.Cell;
import jxl.Sheet;
import jxl.Workbook;

public class JxlReadExcel {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        File file =new File("e:/jxl_test.xls");
        try {
            //创建Workbook
            Workbook workbook =Workbook.getWorkbook(file);
            //创建工作表sheet
            Sheet sheet=workbook.getSheet(0);
            //读取数据，先行后列
            for (int i = 0; i < sheet.getRows(); i++) {
                for (int j = 0; j < sheet.getColumns(); j++) {
                    Cell cell=sheet.getCell(j, i);
                    System.out.print(cell.getContents()+"  ");
                }
                System.out.println();
            }
            //关闭流
            workbook.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

四、POI创建、解析EXCEL

Eclipse-java Project-properties-java Build Path-Libraries-add Externa JARS-选择poi.jar和commons-io.jar

1.POI创建Excel,添加数据

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;

public class ExcelPOI {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String[] title = { "id", "name", "sex" };
        // 创建EXCEl工作薄
        HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
        // 创建一个工作表sheet
        HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();
        // 创建第一行
        HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);
        // 插入第一行数据，id、name、sex
        for (int i = 0; i < title.length; i++) {
            HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);
            cell.setCellValue(title[i]);
        }
        // 追加数据
        for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
            HSSFRow nextRow = sheet.createRow(i);

            HSSFCell cell2 = nextRow.createCell(0);
            cell2.setCellValue("a" + i);

            cell2 = nextRow.createCell(1);
            cell2.setCellValue("name" + i);

            cell2 = nextRow.createCell(2);
            cell2.setCellValue("男" + i);
        }
        // 创建一个文件
        File file = new File("e:/poi_test.xls");
        //
        try {
            file.createNewFile();
            // 将EXCEL存盘
            FileOutputStream stream = FileUtils.openOutputStream(file);
            workbook.write(stream);
            // 关闭流
            stream.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

2.POI解析Excel

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;

public class POIReadExcel {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        File file = new File("e:/poi_test.xls");
        try {
            HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(FileUtils.openInputStream(file));
            // 获取第一个工作表workbook.getSheet("Sheet0")
            // HSSFSheet sheet =workbook.getSheet("Sheet0");
            // 获取默认第一个工作表
            HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
            int firstRowNum = 0;
            // 获取最后一行行号
            int lastRowNum = sheet.getLastRowNum();
            for (int i = firstRowNum; i <= lastRowNum; i++) {
                HSSFRow row = sheet.getRow(i);
                // 获取当前最后单元格列号
                int lastCellNum = row.getLastCellNum();
                for (int j = 0; j < lastCellNum; j++) {
                    HSSFCell cell = row.getCell(j);
                    String value = cell.getStringCellValue();
                    System.out.print(value + " ");
                }
                System.out.println();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}

3.POI创建高版本EXCEL（把HFFS替换成XFFS，同时引入相应的jar）

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

public class ExcelPOIXSSF {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String[] title = { "id", "name", "sex" };
        // 创建EXCEl工作薄
        XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
        // 创建一个工作表sheet
        XSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();
        // 创建第一行
        XSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);
        // 插入第一行数据，id、name、sex
        for (int i = 0; i < title.length; i++) {
            XSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);
            cell.setCellValue(title[i]);
        }
        // 追加数据
        for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
            XSSFRow nextRow = sheet.createRow(i);

            XSSFCell cell2 = nextRow.createCell(0);
            cell2.setCellValue("a" + i);

            cell2 = nextRow.createCell(1);
            cell2.setCellValue("name" + i);

            cell2 = nextRow.createCell(2);
            cell2.setCellValue("男" + i);
        }
        // 创建一个文件
        File file = new File("e:/poi_test.xlsx");
        //
        try {
            file.createNewFile();
            // 将EXCEL存盘
            FileOutputStream stream = FileUtils.openOutputStream(file);
            workbook.write(stream);
            // 关闭流
            stream.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}