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  • C# 集合交、并、差、去重,对象集合交并差

    关键词:C#  List 集合 交集、并集、差集、去重, 对象集合、 对象、引用类型、交并差、List<T>

    有时候看官网文档是最高效的学习方式!

    一、简单集合

    Intersect 交集,Except 差集,Union 并集
    int[] oldArray = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
    int[] newArray = { 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9 };
    var jiaoJi = oldArray.Intersect(newArray).ToList();//2,4,5
    var oldChaJi = oldArray.Except(newArray).ToList();//1,3
    var newChaJi = newArray.Except(oldArray).ToList();//7,8,9
    var bingJi = oldArray.Union(newArray).ToList();//1,2,3,4,5,7,8,9

    二、对象集合

    Product[] store1 = { 
         new Product { Name = "apple", Code = 9 }, 
         new Product { Name = "orange", Code = 4 } 
    };
    
    Product[] store2 = {
         new Product { Name = "apple", Code = 9 }, 
         new Product { Name = "lemon", Code = 12 }
     };
    
    IEnumerable<Product> union =store1.Union(store2,new ProductComparer());
    IEnumerable<Product> except=store1.Except(store2,new ProductComparer());
    IEnumerable<Product> intersect=store1.Intersect(store2,new ProductComparer());
    IEnumerable<Product> distinct=store1.Distinct(store2,new ProductComparer());

    小提示:

    1:IEnumerable<Product> 可以简化为 匿名类型 var
    对自己去重:
    var distinct=store1.Distinct(new ProductComparer());
    相对于别人去重
    var distinct=store1.Distinct(store2,new ProductComparer());
    2: 可以继续进行一些linq或拉姆达操作
     
    var distinct=store1.Distinct(store2,new ProductComparer()).OrderBy(c=>c.Code);
    原因是引用了linq组件:using System.Linq;

    三、比较类的实现
    public class Product
    {
    public string Id {get;set} public string Name { get; set; } public int Code { get; set; } }

     1只有一个比较条件

    //如果对象存在唯一主键,例如:从数据库里查询出来的数据存在 ID
    
    class ProductComparer : IEqualityComparer<Product>
    {
        // Products are equal if their names and product numbers are equal.
        public bool Equals(Product x, Product y)
        {
           
            //Check whether the compared objects reference the same data.
            if (Object.ReferenceEquals(x, y)) return true;
    
            //Check whether any of the compared objects is null.
            if (Object.ReferenceEquals(x, null) || Object.ReferenceEquals(y, null))
                return false;
    
            //Check whether the products' properties are equal.
            return x.ID == y.ID;
        }
    
        // If Equals() returns true for a pair of objects 
        // then GetHashCode() must return the same value for these objects.
    
        public int GetHashCode(Product product)
        {
            //Check whether the object is null
            if (Object.ReferenceEquals(product, null)) return 0;
    
    
            //Get hash code for the Code field.
            int hashID = product.ID.GetHashCode();
    
            //Calculate the hash code for the product.
            return hashID;
        }
    
    }

    2 多个比较条件

    // 如果存在组合主键或组合唯一索引,即多个字段组合才能确定唯一性。
    // Custom comparer for the Product class
    class ProductComparer : IEqualityComparer<Product>
    {
        // Products are equal if their names and product numbers are equal.
        public bool Equals(Product x, Product y)
        {
           
            //Check whether the compared objects reference the same data.
            if (Object.ReferenceEquals(x, y)) return true;
    
            //Check whether any of the compared objects is null.
            if (Object.ReferenceEquals(x, null) || Object.ReferenceEquals(y, null))
                return false;
    
            //Check whether the products' properties are equal.
            return x.Code == y.Code && x.Name == y.Name;
        }
    
        // If Equals() returns true for a pair of objects 
        // then GetHashCode() must return the same value for these objects.
    
        public int GetHashCode(Product product)
        {
            //Check whether the object is null
            if (Object.ReferenceEquals(product, null)) return 0;
    
            //Get hash code for the Name field if it is not null.
            int hashProductName = product.Name == null ? 0 : product.Name.GetHashCode();
    
            //Get hash code for the Code field.
            int hashProductCode = product.Code.GetHashCode();
    
            //Calculate the hash code for the product.
            return hashProductName ^ hashProductCode;
        }
    
    }

    3 难道我们每次都要“简单重复的”继承IEqualityComparer接口,来重新实现一个“几乎完全相同的”的Compare类吗?

    对于只有一个比较条件的简单情况,我们可以直接对 Distinct、Union、Except、Intersect 进行封装,简单通用方法:

     来源:C#list去重, https://www.cnblogs.com/hao-1234-1234/p/8855218.html

        public class Compare<T, C> : IEqualityComparer<T>
        {
            private Func<T, C> _getField;
            public Compare(Func<T, C> getfield)
            {
                this._getField = getfield;
            }
            public bool Equals(T x, T y)
            {
                return EqualityComparer<C>.Default.Equals(_getField(x), _getField(y));
            }
            public int GetHashCode(T obj)
            {
                return EqualityComparer<C>.Default.GetHashCode(this._getField(obj));
            }
        }
        public static class CommonHelper
        {
            /// <summary>
            /// 自定义Distinct扩展方法
            /// </summary>
            /// <typeparam name="T">要去重的对象类</typeparam>
            /// <typeparam name="C">自定义去重的字段类型</typeparam>
            /// <param name="source">要去重的对象</param>
            /// <param name="getfield">获取自定义去重字段的委托</param>
            /// <returns></returns>
            public static IEnumerable<T> MyDistinct<T, C>(this IEnumerable<T> source, Func<T, C> getfield)
            {
                return source.Distinct(new Compare<T, C>(getfield));
            }
        }
    然后这么使用:store1.MyDistinct(s=>s.Id).ToList();
    Id 是用于较的属性(或字段),它是可以是任何一个属性。
    4、多个比较条件 的通用方法如何实现?
    类似于 store1.MyDistinct(s=>s.Id&&Name).ToList();

     四、微软官方文档

    union :https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/dotnet/api/system.linq.enumerable.union?view=netframework-4.8

    intersect:https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/dotnet/api/system.linq.enumerable.intersect?view=netframework-4.8

    except:https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/dotnet/api/system.linq.enumerable.except?view=netframework-4.8

    distinct:https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/dotnet/api/system.linq.enumerable.distinct?view=netframework-4.8

    合交并差 核心代码是相同的: IEqualityComparer 。

    建议在看看文档其它部分,以备后用,文档写的很棒!

     例如:join 某些情况与union等效。

    五、交集、并集、差集、补集、对称差集 示意图,

     后两者后可以有前三者演变而来。补集可以求差或去重、对称差集可以先求差、在求并;

    参考过的文章

    https://www.oschina.net/code/snippet_222150_16997

    http://www.cnblogs.com/flywing/p/5912242.html

    https://blog.csdn.net/wizblack/article/details/78796557

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/hao-1234-1234/p/10408602.html
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