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  • JAVA单链表的实现-不带头结点且没有尾指针

    本程序采用JAVA语言实现了线性表的链式实现。首先定义了线性表的接口ListInterface,然后LList类实现了ListInterface完成了链表的实现。

    本实现中,链表是不带表头结点的,且有一个指针始终指向链表中的第一个元素,并没有定义尾指针。因此,每次向链表中插入新结点时需要遍历链表一次。

    更详细的解释参考《数据结构与算法分析 JAVA语言描述第二版》Frank M. Carrano 著

    ListInterface接口的定义如下:

    public interface ListInterface<T> {
        public boolean add(T newEntry);
        public boolean add(int givenPosition, T newEntry);
        public void clear();
        public T remove(int givenPosition);
        public boolean replace(int givenPosition, T newEntry);
        public T getEntry(int givenPosition);
        public boolean contains(T anEntry);
        public int getLength();
        public boolean isEmpty();
        public void display();
    }

    具体的实现类LList定义如下:

    public class LList<T> implements ListInterface<T>{
    
        private Node firstNode;//指向第一个结点的指针,该链表是不带头结点的单链表
        private int length;//表示单链表的长度
        
        //Node类中不需要定义访问属性的get方法以及set方法,因为Node是内部类,内部类的属性可以直接在外部类中被访问
        class Node{
            //Node是内部类,其外部类中已经定义了T,故可以在这里使用通配符T
            private T data;//结点的数据部分
            private Node next;//结点的指针部分,指向下一个结点
            //Node类中不需要默认构造器
            public Node(T dataPortion){
                data = dataPortion;
            }
            public Node(T dataPortion, Node nextNode){
                data = dataPortion;
                next = nextNode;
            }
        }
        
        public LList(){
            clear();
        }
        //获取链表中指定位置处的结点
        private Node getNodeAt(int givenPosition){
            assert (!isEmpty() && ((1 <= givenPosition) && (givenPosition <= length)));
            Node currentNode = firstNode;
            for(int counter = 1; counter < givenPosition; counter++){
                currentNode = currentNode.next;
            }
            assert currentNode != null;
            return currentNode;
        }
        
        @Override
        public boolean add(T newEntry) {
            // 将每个新结点插入到链表的末尾,通过getNodeAt()方法来获得最后一个元素的地址
            Node newNode = new Node(newEntry);
            if(isEmpty()){//插入第一个结点
                firstNode = newNode;
            }
            else{//在其它位置插入结点
                Node lastNode = getNodeAt(length);//这里每插入一个元素都需要遍历一次链表,代价较大
                lastNode.next = newNode;
            }
            length++;
            return true;
        }
    
        @Override
        public boolean add(int givenPosition, T newEntry){//在指定位置处插入结点
            boolean isSuccessful = true;
            if(givenPosition >= 1 && givenPosition <= length + 1){
                Node newNode = new Node(newEntry);
                if(isEmpty() || givenPosition == 1){//在第一个位置处插入结点
                    newNode.next = firstNode;
                    firstNode = newNode;
                }
                else{//在其它位置插入结点
                    Node nodeBefore = getNodeAt(givenPosition - 1);
                    Node nodeAfter = nodeBefore.next;
                    nodeBefore.next = newNode;
                    newNode.next = nodeAfter;
                }
                length++;
            }
            else
                isSuccessful = false;
            return isSuccessful;
        }
    
        @Override
        public final void clear() {//clear()在构造器中被调用了,所以用final修饰
            firstNode = null;
            length = 0;
        }
    
        @Override
        public T remove(int givenPosition) {//删除指定位置处的结点
            T result = null;
            if((!isEmpty()) && ((givenPosition >= 1) && (givenPosition <= length))){
                if(givenPosition == 1){//删除第一个位置处的结点
                    result = firstNode.data;
                    firstNode = firstNode.next;
                }
                else//删除表中其它位置结点
                {
                    Node nodeBefore = getNodeAt(givenPosition - 1);
                    Node nodeToRemove = nodeBefore.next;
                    Node nodeAfter = nodeToRemove.next;
                    nodeBefore.next = nodeAfter;
                    result = nodeToRemove.data;
                }
                length--;
            }
            return result;
        }
    
        @Override
        public boolean replace(int givenPosition, T newEntry) {//替换指定位置处结点的值
            boolean isSuccessful = true;
            if((!isEmpty()) && ((givenPosition >= 1) && (givenPosition <= length))){
                Node desireNode = getNodeAt(givenPosition);
                desireNode.data = newEntry;
            }
            else
                isSuccessful = false;
            return isSuccessful;
        }
    
        @Override
        public T getEntry(int givenPosition) {//获取指定位置的结点的值
            T result = null;
            if((!isEmpty()) && ((givenPosition >= 1) && (givenPosition <= length))){
                result = getNodeAt(givenPosition).data;
            }
            return result;
        }
    
        @Override
        public boolean contains(T anEntry) {//判断链表中的结点是否包含某个值
            boolean found = false;
            Node currentNode = firstNode;
            while(!found && currentNode != null){
                if(currentNode.data.equals(anEntry)){
                    found = true;
                    break;
                }
                currentNode = currentNode.next;
            }
            return found;
        }
    
        @Override
        public int getLength() {//获取链表的长度
            return length;
        }
    
        @Override
        public boolean isEmpty() {//判断链表是否为空
            boolean result;
            if(length == 0){
                assert firstNode == null;
                result = true;
            }
            else{
                assert firstNode != null;
                result = false;
            }
            return result;
        }
    
        @Override
        public void display() {//遍历链表,显示链表中的每个结点的值
            Node currentNode = firstNode;
            while(currentNode != null){
                System.out.println(currentNode.data);
                currentNode = currentNode.next;
            }
        }
    }
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/hapjin/p/4549492.html
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