实用lsof常用命令行

1, 使用 lsof 命令行列出所有打开的文件

# lsof 

这可是一个很长的列表，包括打开的文件和网络

上述屏幕截图中包含很多列，例如 PID、user、FD 和 TYPE 等等。

FD - File descriptor

FD 列包含这样一些值

cwd - Current working directory
txt - Text file
mem - Memory Mapped file
mmap - Memory Mapped device
Number - It represent the actual file descriptor. For example, 0u, 1w and 3r

r 是读的意思，w 是写，u 代表读写

Type 代表文件类型，例如：

>REG - Regular file 
>DIR - Directory
>CHR - Character special file
>FIFO - First in first out 

2, 列出某个用户打开的文件

# lsof -u user_name 

Example:

# lsof -u crybit
COMMAND   PID   USER   FD   TYPE             DEVICE SIZE/OFF       NODE NAME
sshd    29609 crybit  cwd    DIR            144,233     4096  117711421 /
sshd    29609 crybit  rtd    DIR            144,233     4096  117711421 /
sshd    29609 crybit  txt    REG            144,233   409488  119020186 /usr/sbin/sshd
sshd    29609 crybit  mem    REG            144,241          2443001619 (deleted)/dev/zero (stat: No such file or directory)
sshd    29609 crybit  mem    REG               8,37           119021850 /lib64/libnss_dns-2.5.so (path dev=144,233)
sshd    29609 crybit  mem    REG               8,37           119021984 /lib64/security/pam_succeed_if.so (path dev=144,233)
sshd    29609 crybit  mem    REG               8,37           119022000 /lib64/security/pam_limits.so (path dev=144,233)
sshd    29609 crybit  mem    REG               8,37           119021960 /lib64/security/pam_keyinit.so (path dev=144,233)
sshd    29609 crybit  mem    REG               8,37           119021972 /lib64/security/pam_cracklib.so (path dev=144,233)
sshd    29609 crybit  mem    REG               8,37           119021987 /lib64/security/pam_nologin.so (path dev=144,233)
sshd    29609 crybit  mem    REG               8,37           119021988 /lib64/security/pam_deny.so (path dev=144,233)
sshd    29609 crybit  mem    REG               8,37           119019223 /usr/lib64/libcrack.so.2.8.0 (path dev=144,233)
.....
..... 

3, 列出在某个端口运行的进程

# lsof -i :port_number 

Example:

# lsof -i :22
COMMAND   PID   USER   FD   TYPE     DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
sshd      769   root    3u  IPv6 2281738844      0t0  TCP *:ssh (LISTEN)
sshd      769   root    4u  IPv4 2281738846      0t0  TCP *:ssh (LISTEN) 

# lsof -i :3306
COMMAND   PID  USER   FD   TYPE     DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
mysqld  11106 mysql   10u  IPv4 2340975114      0t0  TCP *:mysql (LISTEN) 

4, 只列出使用 IPv4 的打开文件

# lsof -i 4 - For IPv4 

Example:

# lsof -i 4
COMMAND     PID   USER   FD   TYPE     DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
sshd        769   root    4u  IPv4 2281738846      0t0  TCP *:ssh (LISTEN)
named      8362  named   20u  IPv4 2334751017      0t0  TCP localhost.localdomain:domain (LISTEN)
named      8362  named   21u  IPv4 2334751019      0t0  TCP crybit.com:domain (LISTEN)
named      8362  named   22u  IPv4 2334751021      0t0  TCP localhost.localdomain:rndc (LISTEN)
named      8362  named  512u  IPv4 2334751016      0t0  UDP localhost.localdomain:domain 
named      8362  named  513u  IPv4 2334751018      0t0  UDP crybit.com:domain 
tcpserver  9975   root    3u  IPv4 2335487959      0t0  TCP *:pop3 (LISTEN)
tcpserver  9978   root    3u  IPv4 2335487967      0t0  TCP *:pop3s (LISTEN)
tcpserver  9983   root    3u  IPv4 2335487997      0t0  TCP *:imap (LISTEN)
tcpserver  9987   root    3u  IPv4 2335488014      0t0  TCP *:imaps (LISTEN)
xinetd    10413   root    5u  IPv4 2336070983      0t0  TCP *:ftp (LISTEN)
xinetd    10413   root    6u  IPv4 2336070984      0t0  TCP *:smtp (LISTEN)
mysqld    11106  mysql   10u  IPv4 2340975114      0t0  TCP *:mysql (LISTEN) 

# lsof -i 6 

Example:

# lsof -i 6
COMMAND   PID   USER   FD   TYPE     DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
sshd      769   root    3u  IPv6 2281738844      0t0  TCP *:ssh (LISTEN)
named    8362  named   23u  IPv6 2334751024      0t0  TCP localhost.localdomain:rndc (LISTEN)
httpd   29241   root    4u  IPv6 2439777206      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd   29241   root    6u  IPv6 2439777211      0t0  TCP *:https (LISTEN)
httpd   29243 apache    4u  IPv6 2439777206      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd   29243 apache    6u  IPv6 2439777211      0t0  TCP *:https (LISTEN)
httpd   29244 apache    4u  IPv6 2439777206      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd   29244 apache    6u  IPv6 2439777211      0t0  TCP *:https (LISTEN)
httpd   29245 apache    4u  IPv6 2439777206      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd   29245 apache    6u  IPv6 2439777211      0t0  TCP *:https (LISTEN)
httpd   29246 apache    4u  IPv6 2439777206      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN) 

5, 列出端口在 1-1024 之间的所有进程

# lsof -i :1-1024 

Example:

# lsof -i :1-1024
COMMAND     PID   USER   FD   TYPE     DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
sshd        769   root    3u  IPv6 2281738844      0t0  TCP *:ssh (LISTEN)
sshd        769   root    4u  IPv4 2281738846      0t0  TCP *:ssh (LISTEN)
named      8362  named   20u  IPv4 2334751017      0t0  TCP localhost.localdomain:domain (LISTEN)
named      8362  named   21u  IPv4 2334751019      0t0  TCP crybit.com:domain (LISTEN)
named      8362  named   22u  IPv4 2334751021      0t0  TCP localhost.localdomain:rndc (LISTEN)
named      8362  named   23u  IPv6 2334751024      0t0  TCP localhost.localdomain:rndc (LISTEN)
tcpserver  9975   root    3u  IPv4 2335487959      0t0  TCP *:pop3 (LISTEN)
tcpserver  9978   root    3u  IPv4 2335487967      0t0  TCP *:pop3s (LISTEN)
tcpserver  9983   root    3u  IPv4 2335487997      0t0  TCP *:imap (LISTEN)
tcpserver  9987   root    3u  IPv4 2335488014      0t0  TCP *:imaps (LISTEN)
xinetd    10413   root    5u  IPv4 2336070983      0t0  TCP *:ftp (LISTEN)
xinetd    10413   root    6u  IPv4 2336070984      0t0  TCP *:smtp (LISTEN)
httpd     29241   root    4u  IPv6 2439777206      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd     29241   root    6u  IPv6 2439777211      0t0  TCP *:https (LISTEN)
httpd     29243 apache    4u  IPv6 2439777206      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
....
.... 

6, 根据进程id来列出打开的文件

# lsof -p PID 

Example:

# lsof -p 11106
COMMAND   PID  USER   FD   TYPE             DEVICE SIZE/OFF       NODE NAME
mysqld  11106 mysql  cwd    DIR            144,233     4096  119025114 /var/lib/mysql
mysqld  11106 mysql  rtd    DIR            144,233     4096  117711421 /
mysqld  11106 mysql  txt    REG            144,233  9484782  119025094 /usr/libexec/mysqld
mysqld  11106 mysql  mem    REG               8,37           119025094 /usr/libexec/mysqld (path dev=144,233)
mysqld  11106 mysql  mem    REG               8,37           119021850 /lib64/libnss_dns-2.5.so (path dev=144,233)
mysqld  11106 mysql  mem    REG               8,37           119021830 /lib64/libnss_files-2.5.so (path dev=144,233)
mysqld  11106 mysql  mem    REG               8,37           119021841 /lib64/libsepol.so.1 (path dev=144,233)
mysqld  11106 mysql  mem    REG               8,37           119021801 /lib64/libselinux.so.1 (path dev=144,233)
mysqld  11106 mysql  mem    REG               8,37           119021785 /lib64/libresolv-2.5.so (path dev=144,233)
mysqld  11106 mysql  mem    REG               8,37           119021920 /lib64/libkeyutils-1.2.so (path dev=144,233)
mysqld  11106 mysql  mem    REG               8,37           119017006 /usr/lib64/libkrb5support.so.0.1 (path dev=144,233)
....
.... 

7, 杀掉某个用户的所有活动进程

# killall -9 `lsof -t -u username` 

8, 列出某个目录中被打开的文件

# lsof +D path_of_the_directory 

Example:

# lsof +D /var/log/
COMMAND     PID   USER   FD   TYPE  DEVICE SIZE/OFF      NODE NAME
syslogd    9729   root    1w   REG 144,233        0 119019158 /var/log/kernel
syslogd    9729   root    2w   REG 144,233   350722 119021699 /var/log/messages
syslogd    9729   root    3w   REG 144,233   591577 119019159 /var/log/secure
syslogd    9729   root    4w   REG 144,233   591577 119019159 /var/log/secure 

9, 根据进程名称列出打开的文件

# lsof -c process_name 

Example:

# lsof -c ssh
COMMAND     PID USER   FD   TYPE     DEVICE SIZE/OFF    NODE NAME
sshd        483 root  cwd    DIR        8,9     4096       2 /
sshd        483 root  rtd    DIR        8,9     4096       2 /
sshd        483 root  txt    REG        8,9   523488 1193409 /usr/sbin/sshd 

10, 列出所有网络连接

# lsof -i 

该命令列出所有侦听和已建立的网络连接
Example:

# lsof -i
COMMAND     PID   USER   FD   TYPE     DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
sshd        769   root    3u  IPv6 2281738844      0t0  TCP *:ssh (LISTEN)
sshd        769   root    4u  IPv4 2281738846      0t0  TCP *:ssh (LISTEN)
named      8362  named   20u  IPv4 2334751017      0t0  TCP localhost.localdomain:domain (LISTEN)
named      8362  named   21u  IPv4 2334751019      0t0  TCP crybit.com:domain (LISTEN)
named      8362  named   22u  IPv4 2334751021      0t0  TCP localhost.localdomain:rndc (LISTEN)
named      8362  named   23u  IPv6 2334751024      0t0  TCP localhost.localdomain:rndc (LISTEN)
named      8362  named  512u  IPv4 2334751016      0t0  UDP localhost.localdomain:domain

就这些！