本系列文章由 @YhL_Leo 出品，转载请注明出处。
文章链接： http://blog.csdn.net/yhl_leo/article/details/50066137
一些LaTeX中表格的使用方法如下：
1.table
documentclass{article}
egin{document}
egin{table}[h]
centering
egin{tabular}{|l|c|c|}hline
Setting&multicolumn{2}{c|}{A4 size paper}\hline
&mm&inches\
Top&25&1.0\
Bottom&25&1.0\
Left&20&0.8\
Right&20&0.8\
Column Width&82&3.2\
Column Spacing&6&0.25\hline
end{tabular}
caption{Margin settings for A4 size paper}
label{tab:Margin_settings}
end{table}
end{document}
2.tabular
egin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}
hline 2&9&4\
hline 7&5&3\
hline 6&1&8\
hline
end{tabular}
例子里面的|c|这样的，那个地方叫做导言区，来约定表格的每列属性的：
l |
left-justified column |
c |
centered column |
r |
right-justified column |
b |
bottom |
c |
center (default) |
t |
top |
p{'width'} |
paragraph column with text vertically aligned at the top |
m{'width'} |
paragraph column with text vertically aligned in the middle (requires array package) |
b{'width'} |
paragraph column with text vertically aligned at the bottom (requires array package) |
| |
vertical line |
|| |
double vertical line |
另外，还有一些常用的命令：
& |
column separator |
\ |
start new row (additional space may be specified after \ using square brackets, such as \[6pt] |
hline |
horizontal line |
ewline |
start a new line within a cell (in a paragraph column) |
abularnewline |
start a new line within a cell (in a paragraph column) instead of \ to avoid a Misplaced
oalign error in the tabular |
cline{i-j} |
partial horizontal line beginning in column i and ending in column j |
除了最简单的用例外，还可以这样：
% example 1:
egin{center}
egin{tabular}{ | l || c || r }
hline
1 & 2 & 3 \ hline
4 & 5 & 6 \ hline hline
7 & 8 & 9 \
hline
end{tabular}
end{center}
example 1 % example 2:
%multicolumn{n}{format}{item}
egin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}
hline multicolumn{3}{|c|}{?}\
hline 7&5&3\
hline 6&1&8\
hline
end{tabular}
example 2 % example 3:
egin{tabular}{|r|l|}
hline
7C0 & hexadecimal \
3700 & octal \ cline{2-2}
11111000000 & binary \
hline hline
1984 & decimal \
hline
end{tabular}
example 3 在array环境中（使用时需要包含：usepackage{array}），重新实现了tabular环境，加了不少新选项进去：
对于tabular的第一个例子略作修改，可以发现在不含有array包和含有时效果是不一样的：
% example 1:
%usepackage{array}
abcolsep20pt
arrayrulewidth2pt
egin{tabular}{*{3}{|c}|}
%egin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}
hline 2&9&4\
hline 7&5&3\
hline 6&1&8\
hline
end{tabular}
% example 2:
...
usepackage{array}
...
abcolsep20pt
arrayrulewidth2pt
egin{tabular}{*{3}{|c}|}
%egin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}
hline 2&9&4\
hline 7&5&3\
hline 6&1&8\
hline
end{tabular}
example 1 
example 2 对于表格内有长文本时，直接排下来不但很难看而且很容超出页面的范围，可以这么做：
Without specifying width for last column:
egin{center}
egin{tabular}{| l | l | l | l |}
hline
Day & Min Temp & Max Temp & Summary \ hline
Monday & 11C & 22C & A clear day with lots of sunshine.
However, the strong breeze will bring down the temperatures. \ hline
Tuesday & 9C & 19C & Cloudy with rain, across many northern regions. Clear spells
across most of Scotland and Northern Ireland,
but rain reaching the far northwest. \ hline
Wednesday & 10C & 21C & Rain will still linger for the morning.
Conditions will improve by early afternoon and continue
throughout the evening. \
hline
end{tabular}
end{center}
With width specified:
egin{center}
egin{tabular}{ | l | l | l | p{5cm} |}
hline
Day & Min Temp & Max Temp & Summary \ hline
Monday & 11C & 22C & A clear day with lots of sunshine.
However, the strong breeze will bring down the temperatures. \ hline
Tuesday & 9C & 19C & Cloudy with rain, across many northern regions. Clear spells
across most of Scotland and Northern Ireland,
but rain reaching the far northwest. \ hline
Wednesday & 10C & 21C & Rain will still linger for the morning.
Conditions will improve by early afternoon and continue
throughout the evening. \
hline
end{tabular}
end{center}
另外使用宏包tabulary也可以实现：
usepackage{tabulary}
...
egin{center}
egin{tabulary}{0.7 extwidth}{LCL}
Short sentences & # & Long sentences \
hline
This is short. & 173 & This is much loooooooonger, because there are many more words. \
This is not shorter. & 317 & This is still loooooooonger, because there are many more words. \
end{tabulary}
end{center}
其中的对齐方式除了
L,C外，还有R,J。
让我们看下parbox的用法，如果我们想把文段分割成为表的形式：
egin{tabular}{cc}
boring cell content & parbox[t]{5cm}{rather long par\new par}
end{tabular}
调整行列间距可以使用命令：
setlength{ abcolsep}{5pt} %colums, default value is 6pt
enewcommand{arraystretch}{1.5} %rows, default value is 1.0另外一种方式是在hline和cline{i-j}后添加
oalign{smallskip}， 例如：
egin{center}
egin{tabular}{ | l | l | r | }
hline
multicolumn{2}{c}{Item} \
cline{1-2}
Animal & Description & Price ($) \
hline
Gnat & per gram & 13.65 \
& each & 0.01 \
Gnu & stuffed & 92.50 \
Emu & stuffed & 33.33 \
Armadillo & frozen & 8.99 \
hline
end{tabular}
example 1
$ $
setlength{ abcolsep}{4pt}
egin{tabular}{ | l | l | r | }
hline
multicolumn{2}{c}{Item} \
cline{1-2}
Animal & Description & Price ($) \
hline
Gnat & per gram & 13.65 \
& each & 0.01 \
Gnu & stuffed & 92.50 \
Emu & stuffed & 33.33 \
Armadillo & frozen & 8.99 \
hline
end{tabular}
example 2
$ $
enewcommand{arraystretch}{1.5}
egin{tabular}{ | l | l | r | }
hline
multicolumn{2}{c}{Item} \
cline{1-2}
Animal & Description & Price ($) \
hline
Gnat & per gram & 13.65 \
& each & 0.01 \
Gnu & stuffed & 92.50 \
Emu & stuffed & 33.33 \
Armadillo & frozen & 8.99 \
hline
end{tabular}
example 3
$ $
setlength{ abcolsep}{6pt}
enewcommand{arraystretch}{1.0}
egin{tabular}{ | l | l | r | }
hline
oalign{smallskip}
multicolumn{2}{c}{Item} \
cline{1-2}
oalign{smallskip}
Animal & Description & Price ($) \
oalign{smallskip}hline
oalign{smallskip}
Gnat & per gram & 13.65 \
& each & 0.01 \
Gnu & stuffed & 92.50 \
Emu & stuffed & 33.33 \
Armadillo & frozen & 8.99 \
oalign{smallskip}hline
end{tabular}
example 4
end{center}
其他用法如在某一行后空出一定间距：
egin{tabular}{ll}
hline
Mineral & Color \[0.5cm]
Ruby & red \
Sapphire & blue \
hline
end{tabular}
一些LaTeX的环境也可以插入表格中：
egin{tabular}{m{5cm} c} % here the m can be replaced by p or b.
\ hline
egin{verbatim}
I love coding
end{verbatim}
& LaTeX
\ hline
end{tabular}
使用列规格设置命令：>{cmd} and <{cmd}，如设置表格中的字符都是数学手写字体：
...
usepackage{array}
...
ewcolumntype{F}{>{$}c<{$}}
egin{tabular}{FFF}
alpha & eta & gamma \
delta & epsilon & upsilon \
sigma & au & phi \
end{tabular}
@-expressions的用法：
egin{tabular}{|@{}l|l@{}|}
hline
stuff & stuff \ hline
stuff & stuff \
hline
end{tabular}
egin{tabular}{r@{.}l}
3 & 14159 \
16 & 2 \
123 & 456 \
end{tabular}
行的特别设置，给出几个例子：
egin{tabular}{ |l|l| }
hline
multicolumn{2}{|c|}{Team sheet} \
hline
GK & Paul Robinson \
LB & Lucas Radebe \
DC & Michael Duberry \
DC & Dominic Matteo \
RB & Dider Domi \
MC & David Batty \
MC & Eirik Bakke \
MC & Jody Morris \
FW & Jamie McMaster \
ST & Alan Smith \
ST & Mark Viduka \
hline
end{tabular}
...
usepackage{multirow}
...
egin{tabular}{ |l|l|l| }
hline
multicolumn{3}{ |c| }{Team sheet} \
hline
Goalkeeper & GK & Paul Robinson \ hline
multirow{4}{*}{Defenders} & LB & Lucas Radebe \
& DC & Michael Duburry \
& DC & Dominic Matteo \
& RB & Didier Domi \ hline
multirow{3}{*}{Midfielders} & MC & David Batty \
& MC & Eirik Bakke \
& MC & Jody Morris \ hline
Forward & FW & Jamie McMaster \ hline
multirow{2}{*}{Strikers} & ST & Alan Smith \
& ST & Mark Viduka \
hline
end{tabular}
...
usepackage{multirow}
...
egin{tabular}{cc|c|c|c|c|l}
cline{3-6}
& & multicolumn{4}{ c| }{Primes} \ cline{3-6}
& & 2 & 3 & 5 & 7 \ cline{1-6}
multicolumn{1}{ |c }{multirow{2}{*}{Powers} } &
multicolumn{1}{ |c| }{504} & 3 & 2 & 0 & 1 & \ cline{2-6}
multicolumn{1}{ |c }{} &
multicolumn{1}{ |c| }{540} & 2 & 3 & 1 & 0 & \ cline{1-6}
multicolumn{1}{ |c }{multirow{2}{*}{Powers} } &
multicolumn{1}{ |c| }{gcd} & 2 & 2 & 0 & 0 & min \ cline{2-6}
multicolumn{1}{ |c }{} &
multicolumn{1}{ |c| }{lcm} & 3 & 3 & 1 & 1 & max \ cline{1-6}
end{tabular}
egin{tabular}{ r|c|c| }
multicolumn{1}{r}{}
& multicolumn{1}{c}{noninteractive}
& multicolumn{1}{c}{interactive} \
cline{2-3}
massively multiple & Library & University \
cline{2-3}
one-to-one & Book & Tutor \
cline{2-3}
end{tabular}
3.booktabs
即三线表：
usepackage{booktabs}
egin{tabular}{ccc}
oprule
2&9&4\
midrule
7&5&3\
6&1&8\
ottomrule
end{tabular}
4.colortbl
常用的表格填色colortbl包：
% example 1:
usepackage{colortbl}
egin{tabular}{ccc}
owcolor[gray]{.9}
2&9&4\
owcolor[gray]{.8}
7&5&3\
owcolor[gray]{.7}
6&1&8\
end{tabular}
example 1 % example 2:
egin{tabular}
{>{columncolor[gray]{.9}}c|
>{columncolor[gray]{.8}}c|
>{columncolor[gray]{.7}}c}
2&9&4\
7&5&3\
6&1&8\
end{tabular}
example 2 %example 3:
egin{tabular}{ccc}
cellcolor[rgb]{.9,.9,.9}2&
cellcolor[rgb]{.8,.9,.9}9&
cellcolor[rgb]{.7,.9,.9}4\
cellcolor[rgb]{.9,.8,.9}7&
cellcolor[rgb]{.8,.8,.9}5&
cellcolor[rgb]{.7,.8,.9}3\
cellcolor[rgb]{.9,.7,.9}6&
cellcolor[rgb]{.8,.7,.9}1&
cellcolor[rgb]{.7,.7,.9}8\
end{tabular}
example 3 5.diagbox
画斜线表头的包diagbox
usepackage{diagbox}
...
egin{tabular}{|l|ccc|}
hline
diagbox{Time}{Room}{Day} & Mon & Tue & Wed \
hline
Morning & used & used & \
Afternoon & & used & used \
hline
end{tabular}
参考：