HBase介绍
HBase – Hadoop Database，是一个高可靠性、高性能、面向列、可伸缩的分布式存储系统，利用HBase技术可在廉价PC Server上搭建起大规模结构化存储集群。
HBase是Google Bigtable的开源实现，类似Google Bigtable利用GFS作为其文件存储系统，HBase利用Hadoop HDFS作为其文件存储系统;Google运行MapReduce来处理Bigtable中的海量数据，HBase同样利用Hadoop MapReduce来处理HBase中的海量数据。
上图描述了Hadoop EcoSystem中的各层系统，其中HBase位于结构化存储层，Hadoop HDFS为HBase提供了高可靠性的底层存储支持，Hadoop MapReduce为HBase提供了高性能的计算能力，Zookeeper为HBase提供了稳定服务和failover机制。
此外，Pig和Hive还为HBase提供了高层语言支持，使得在HBase上进行数据统计处理变的非常简单。 Sqoop则为HBase提供了方便的RDBMS数据导入功能，使得传统数据库数据向HBase中迁移变的非常方便。
安装hbase前，请安装独立的zookeeper-3.4.12 详情请参考本人博客：https://www.cnblogs.com/hello-wei/p/10261517.html
把下载好的包 传到/home/hadoop/hbase 解压后：
[hadoop@master hbase]$ ll total 788 drwxr-xr-x. 4 hadoop hadoop 4096 Dec 5 10:53 bin -rw-r--r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 228302 Dec 5 10:58 CHANGES.txt drwxr-xr-x. 2 hadoop hadoop 4096 Dec 5 10:54 conf drwxr-xr-x. 12 hadoop hadoop 4096 Dec 5 11:53 docs drwxr-xr-x. 7 hadoop hadoop 4096 Dec 5 11:43 hbase-webapps -rw-r--r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 261 Dec 5 11:56 LEGAL drwxrwxr-x. 3 hadoop hadoop 4096 Jan 8 11:10 lib -rw-r--r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 143082 Dec 5 11:56 LICENSE.txt -rw-r--r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 404470 Dec 5 11:56 NOTICE.txt -rw-r--r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 1477 Dec 5 10:53 README.txt
设置环境变量
[root@master master]# vi /etc/profile
export HBASE_HOME=/home/hadoop/hbase
export PATH=$PATH:$HBASE_HOME/bin
[root@master master]# source /etc/profile
[hadoop@master ~]$ hbase version
HBase 1.4.9
Source code repository git://apurtell-ltm4.internal.salesforce.com/Users/apurtell/src/hbase revision=d625b212e46d01cb17db9ac2e9e927fdb201afa1
Compiled by apurtell on Wed Dec 5 11:54:10 PST 2018
From source with checksum a7716fc1849b07ea6dd830a08291e754
编辑hbase-env.sh
#注释到下面两行
# Configure PermSize. Only needed in JDK7. You can safely remove it for JDK8+
#export HBASE_MASTER_OPTS="$HBASE_MASTER_OPTS -XX:PermSize=128m -XX:MaxPermSize=128m -XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=256m"
#export HBASE_REGIONSERVER_OPTS="$HBASE_REGIONSERVER_OPTS -XX:PermSize=128m -XX:MaxPermSize=128m -XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=256m"
#Java环境 export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8 #通过hadoop的配置文件找到hadoop集群 export HBASE_CLASSPATH=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.3/etc/hadoop #使用HBASE自带的zookeeper管理集群 export HBASE_MANAGES_ZK=false
编辑hbase-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<name>hbase.rootdir</name>
<value>hdfs://192.168.1.30:9000/hbase</value> #这里要和hadoop下的配置文件core-site.xml的<name>fs.defaultFS</name>值hdfs://192.168.1.30:9000一致
</property>
<!--启用分布式集群-->
<property>
<name>hbase.cluster.distributed</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
<!--默认HMaster HTTP访问端口-->
<property>
<name>hbase.master.info.port</name>
<value>16010</value>
</property>
<!--默认HRegionServer HTTP访问端口-->
<property>
<name>hbase.regionserver.info.port</name>
<value>16030</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hbase.zookeeper.quorum</name>
<value>master:2181,saver1:2181,saver2:2181</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hbase.coprocessor.abortonerror</name>
<value>false</value>
</property>
</configuration>
编辑regionservers
[hadoop@master conf]$ vi regionservers
saver1
saver2
拷贝到其他节点：
scp -r hbase hadoop@192.168.1.40:/home/hadoop
scp -r hbase hadoop@192.168.1.50:/home/hadoop
启动：
start-hbase.sh
[hadoop@master hadoop]$ start-hbase.sh
running master, logging to /home/hadoop/hbase/logs/hbase-hadoop-master-master.out
saver2: running regionserver, logging to /home/hadoop/hbase/bin/../logs/hbase-hadoop-regionserver-saver2.out
saver1: running regionserver, logging to /home/hadoop/hbase/bin/../logs/hbase-hadoop-regionserver-saver1.out
进入HBASE shell
[hadoop@master hadoop]$ hbase shell
2019-01-15 22:31:31,100 WARN [main] util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/hadoop/hbase/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.10.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.3/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.10.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerFactory]
HBase Shell
Use "help" to get list of supported commands.
Use "exit" to quit this interactive shell.
Version 1.4.9, rd625b212e46d01cb17db9ac2e9e927fdb201afa1, Wed Dec 5 11:54:10 PST 2018
hbase(main):001:0> list
TABLE
0 row(s) in 0.2370 seconds
=> []
master后台进程：
[hadoop@master hadoop]$ jps 5235 Jps 3380 NodeManager 2917 DataNode 4886 HMaster 3062 SecondaryNameNode 3705 QuorumPeerMain 3274 ResourceManager 2814 NameNode [hadoop@master hadoop]$
saver1后台进程：
[hadoop@saver2 ~]$ jps 3320 Jps 3164 HRegionServer 2668 QuorumPeerMain 2396 DataNode 2510 NodeManager [hadoop@saver2 ~]$
完。