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  • Linq 内连接和外连接(转载)

    一、内连接

        Model1Container model = new Model1Container();  
         //内连接  
         var query = from s in model.Student  
                     join c in model.Course on s.CourseCno equals c.Cno  
                     where c.Cno == 1  
                     select new  
                     {  
                         ClassID = s.CourseCno,  
                         ClassName = c.Cname,  
                         Student = new  
                         {  
                             Name = s.Sname,  
                             ID = s.Sno  
                         }  
                     };  
         foreach (var item in query)  
         {  
             Response.Write("ClassID:" + item.ClassID + "ClassName:" + item.ClassName + "Name:" + item.Student.Name);  
         }  

    与上面的内连接语句相对应的SQL脚本语言如下所示:

        SELECT [t0].[CourseCno] AS [ClassID], [t1].[Cname] AS [ClassName], [t0].[Sname] AS [Name], [t0].[Sno] AS [ID]  
        FROM [Student] AS [t0]  
        INNER JOIN [Course] AS [t1] ON [t0].[CourseCno] = [t1].[Cno]  
        WHERE [t1].[Cno] = @p0  

    二、左外连接

        Model1Container model = new Model1Container();  
        var query = from s in model.Student  
                    join c in model.Course on s.CourseCno equals c.Cno into gc  
                    from gci in gc.DefaultIfEmpty()  
                    select new  
                    {  
                        ClassID = s.CourseCno,  
                        ClassName = gci.Cname,  
                        Student = new  
                        {  
                            Name = s.Sname,  
                            ID = s.Sno  
                        }  
                    };  
        //Outer join时必须将join后的表into到一个新的变量gc中,然后要用gc.DefaultIfEmpty()表示外连接。  
        foreach (var item in query)  
        {  
            Response.Write("ClassID:" + item.ClassID + "ClassName:" + item.ClassName + "Name:" + item.Student.Name);  
        }  

    注:上例中使用了DefaultIfEmpty操作符,它能够为实序列提供一个默认的元素。DefaultIfEmpty使用了泛型中的default关键字。default关键字对于引用类型将返回null,而对于值类型则返回0。对于结构体类型,则会根据其成员类型将它们相应地初始化为null(引用类型)或0(值类型)

    我们可以不使用default关键字,但在要DefaultIfEmpty中给定当空时的默认对象值。语句如下:

        //left join, 为空时使用默认对象  
        var leftJoinQuery = from s in model.Student  
                            join c in model.Course  
                            on s.CourseCno equals c.Cno into gc  
                            from gci in gc.DefaultIfEmpty(  
                            new Course { Cname = "",Cperiod="" }     //设置为空时的默认值  
                            )  
                            select new  
                            {  
                                ClassID = s.CourseCno,  
                                ClassName = gci.Cname,  
                            };  

    与上面的左外连接语句相对应的SQL脚本语言如下所示:

        SELECT [t0].[CourseCno] AS [ClassID], [t1].[Cname] AS [ClassName], [t0].[Sname] AS [Name], [t0].[Sno] AS [ID]  
        FROM [Student] AS [t0]  
        LEFT OUTER JOIN [Course] AS [t1] ON [t0].[CourseCno] = [t1].[Cno]  

    当然也可以通过LinqPad工具查看上面的左外连接语句的Lamada表达式,在此不再累述。

    原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/ydm19891101/article/details/43306761

    附:数据库内连接、左连接、右连接、完全连接、笛卡尔积概念

    表1的ID 表2的ID
    1    1
    2    2
    3    4
    内连接
    1    1
    2    2

    左连接
    1    1
    2    2
    3    null

    右连接
    1    1
    2    2
    null   4

    完全连接
    1     1
    2     2
    3     null
    null    4

    笛卡尔积
    1   1
    1   2
    1   4
    2   1
    2   2
    2   4
    3   1
    3   2
    3   4

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/hellowzl/p/8274754.html
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