python核心编程-第五章-习题

1.长整型表示数的范围比整型更大。在python中，整型、长整型趋于统一，普通用户不用特别关注两者区别，仅当需引用C语言时需要特别注意。

2.操作符

(a)

def product(x,y):
    return x * y

(b)

>>> print product(23,24)
552

3.

def result(x):
    if 90 <= x <= 100:
        return "A"
    elif 80 <= x <= 89:
        return "B"
    elif 70 <= x <= 79:
        return "C"
    elif 60 <= x <= 69:
        return "D"
    else:
        return "F"

4.

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

def year_judge(year):
    
    if (int(year) % 4 == 0 and int(year) % 100 != 0) or int(year) % 400 == 0:
        return u"该年是闰年！"
    else:
        return u"该年是平年！"

5.

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
def exchange(x):
    divide_25,mod_25 = divmod(x,25)[0],divmod(x,25)[1]
    if mod_25 == 0:
        return u"%d 美分换算结果是：%d枚25美分。" 
        % (x,divide_25)
    else:
        divide_10,mod_10 = divmod(mod_25,10)[0],divmod(mod_25,10)[1]
        if mod_10 == 0:
            return u"%d美分换算结果是：%d枚25美分，%d枚10美分。" 
            % (x,divide_25,divide_10)
        else:
            divide_5,mod_5 = divmod(mod_10,5)[0],divmod(mod_10,5)[1]
            if mod_5 == 0:
                return u"%d美分换算结果是：%d枚25美分，%d枚10美分，%d枚5美分。" 
                % (x,divide_25,divide_10,divide_5)
            else:
                return u"%d美分换算结果是：%d枚25美分，%d枚10美分，%d枚5美分,%d枚1美分。"
                % (x,divide_25,divide_10,divide_5,mod_5)
                
def cents_exchange(x):
    if x < 1:
        x = x * 100
    else:
        x = int(x)
        print exchange(x)

6.

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

def calculator():
    global expression
    expression = raw_input("请输入一个表达式，可以计算加减乘除取余和幂运算，按Q退出。".decode("utf-8").encode("gbk"))
    if expression == "Q":
        return u"程序退出，再见"else:
        for i in ["+","-","**","/","%","*"]:
            if i in expression:
                numbers = expression.split(i)
                if "." in expression:
                    N1 = float(numbers[0])
                    N2 = float(numbers[1])
                else:
                    N1 = int(numbers[0])
                    N2 = int(numbers[1])
                if i == "+":
                    return N1 + N2
                elif i == "-":
                    return N1 - N2
                elif i == "*":
                    return N1 * N2
                elif i == "**":
                    return N1 ** N2
                elif i == "%":
                    return N1 % N2
                elif i == "/":
                    return N1 / N2

while True:                    
    print calculator()
    if expression == "Q":
        break 

7.

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
sales = float(raw_input("请输入营业额".decode("utf-8").encode("gbk")))
rate = float(raw_input("请输入税率,以两位小数表示".decode("utf-8").encode("gbk")))
print u"应缴税额为：%f 元人民币。" % (sales * rate)

8.

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
def geometry():
    prompt = raw_input("计算正方形面积请输入1，立方体体积请输入2，圆面积请输入3，球体积请输入4".
    decode("utf-8").encode("gbk"))
    if prompt == "1":
        side = raw_input("请输入边长".decode("utf-8").encode("gbk"))
        print u"该正方形的面积是：%d" % (int(side) ** 2)
    elif prompt == "2":
        side = raw_input("请输入边长".decode("utf-8").encode("gbk"))
        print u"该正方体的体积是：%d" % (int(side) ** 3)
    elif prompt == "3":
        radius = raw_input("请输入半径".decode("utf-8").encode("gbk"))
        print u"该圆的面积是：%s" % (float(radius) ** 2 * 3.14)
    elif prompt == "4":
        radius = raw_input("请输入半径".decode("utf-8").encode("gbk"))
        print u"该球的体积是：%s" % (float(radius) ** 3 * 4 * 3.14 / 3)

geometry()

9.

a.进制问题  python中0开头的数字表示八进制的数字

b.56l + 78l 代表的是长整数的和

10.

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
def F_to_C(F):
    print u"%s℉等于%f℃" % (F,(float(F) - 32) * 5 / 9)

11.(1)

#取偶数
for i in range(0,21):
    if i % 2 == 0:
        print i,
       
print 

#取奇数
for i in range(0,21):
    if i % 2 == 1:
        print i, 

(2)对2进行取余运算，余数0是偶数，否则是奇数

(3)

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

def judge_divide(x,y):
    if x % y == 0:
        print u"%d可以被%d整除！" % (x,y)
    else:
        print u"%d不能被%d整除！" % (x,y)

def judge():
    number1 = int(raw_input("请输入第一个整数".decode("utf-8").encode("gbk")))
    number2 = int(raw_input("请输入第二个整数".decode("utf-8").encode("gbk")))
    if number1 < number2:
        judge_divide(number2,number1)
    else:
        judge_divide(number1,number2)

12.

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import sys
print sys.maxint
print -sys.maxint - 1
print sys.float_info.max
print sys.float_info.min
print sys.long_info

13.

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
time = raw_input("请输入时间，英文冒号:前为小时数，英文冒号:后为分钟数".decode("utf-8").encode("gbk"))
hour = int(time.split(":")[0])
minute = int(time.split(":")[1])
print u"%d:%d等于%d分钟。" % (hour,minute,hour * 60 + minute)

14.

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
def Annual_return_rate(rate):
    per_day_rate = rate / 365.0
    investment = 1
    interest = 1 * (1 + per_day_rate) ** 365 - 1
    print u"年回报率为：",interest * 100,"%"

Annual_return_rate(0.5)

15.

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
def greatest_common_divisor(x,y):
    divisor = max(x,y)
    while divisor >= 1:
        if x % divisor != 0 or y % divisor != 0:
            divisor -= 1
        else:
            print u"%d和%d的最大公约数是%d。" % (x,y,divisor)
            break

def least_common_multiple(x,y):
    multiple = max(x,y)
    while multiple <= x * y:
        if multiple % x == 0 and multiple % y == 0:
            print u"%d和%d的最小公倍数是%d。" % (x,y,multiple)
            break
        else:
            multiple += 1

16.略

17.

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import random

N = random.randint(2,100)
i = 1
random_list1 = []
while i <= N:
    random_list1.append(random.randint(0,2 ** 31 - 1))
    i += 1

h = 1
N2 = random.randint(1,100)
random_list2 = []
while h <= N2:
    random_list2.append(random.choice(random_list1))
    h += 1

print sorted(random_list2)