闲来无事,喜欢研究一些自己未接触过的技术~
看到了当当开源的Sharding-JDBC组件,它可以在几乎不修改代码的情况下完成分库分表的实现。摘抄其中一段介绍:
Sharding-JDBC直接封装JDBC API,可以理解为增强版的JDBC驱动,旧代码迁移成本几乎为零:
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可适用于任何基于java的ORM框架,如:JPA, Hibernate, Mybatis, Spring JDBC Template或直接使用JDBC。
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可基于任何第三方的数据库连接池,如:DBCP, C3P0, BoneCP, Druid等。
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理论上可支持任意实现JDBC规范的数据库。虽然目前仅支持MySQL,但已有支持Oracle,SQLServer,DB2等数据库的计划。
先做一个最简单的试用,不做分库,仅做分表。选择数据表bead_information,首先复制成三个表:bead_information_0、bead_information_1、bead_information_2
测试实现过程
前提:已经实现srping+mybatis对单库单表做增删改查的项目。
1、修改pom.xml增加dependency
<dependency> <groupId>com.dangdang</groupId> <artifactId>sharding-jdbc-core</artifactId> <version>1.4.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.dangdang</groupId> <artifactId>sharding-jdbc-config-spring</artifactId> <version>1.4.0</version> </dependency>
2、新建一个sharding-jdbc.xml文件,实现分库分表的配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:rdb="http://www.dangdang.com/schema/ddframe/rdb" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.dangdang.com/schema/ddframe/rdb http://www.dangdang.com/schema/ddframe/rdb/rdb.xsd"> <!-- 配置数据源 --> <bean name="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" init-method="init" destroy-method="close"> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/beadhouse" /> <property name="username" value="root" /> <property name="password" value="123456" /> </bean> <rdb:strategy id="tableShardingStrategy" sharding-columns="id" algorithm-class="com.springdemo.utill.MemberSingleKeyTableShardingAlgorithm"/> <rdb:data-source id="shardingDataSource"> <rdb:sharding-rule data-sources="dataSource"> <rdb:table-rules> <rdb:table-rule logic-table="bead_information" actual-tables="bead_information_${0..2}" table-strategy="tableShardingStrategy"/> </rdb:table-rules> </rdb:sharding-rule> </rdb:data-source> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="shardingDataSource" /> </bean> </beans>
3、将文件引入spring配置文件中。
需要修改几个地方,把sqlSessionFactory和transactionManager原来关联的dataSource统一修改为shardingDataSource(这一步作用就是把数据源全部托管给sharding去管理)
4、实现分表(分库)逻辑,我们的分表逻辑类需要实现SingleKeyTableShardingAlgorithm接口的三个方法doBetweenSharding、doEqualSharding、doInSharding
(取模除数需要按照自己需求改变,我这里分3个表,所以除以3)
import java.util.Collection; import java.util.LinkedHashSet; import com.dangdang.ddframe.rdb.sharding.api.ShardingValue; import com.dangdang.ddframe.rdb.sharding.api.strategy.table.SingleKeyTableShardingAlgorithm; import com.google.common.collect.Range; public class MemberSingleKeyTableShardingAlgorithm implements SingleKeyTableShardingAlgorithm<Integer> { @Override public Collection<String> doBetweenSharding(Collection<String> tableNames, ShardingValue<Integer> shardingValue) { Collection<String> result = new LinkedHashSet<String>(tableNames.size()); Range<Integer> range = (Range<Integer>) shardingValue.getValueRange(); for (Integer i = range.lowerEndpoint(); i <= range.upperEndpoint(); i++) { Integer modValue = i % 3; String modStr = modValue < 3 ? "" + modValue : modValue.toString(); for (String each : tableNames) { if (each.endsWith(modStr)) { result.add(each); } } } return result; } @Override public String doEqualSharding(Collection<String> tableNames, ShardingValue<Integer> shardingValue) { Integer modValue = shardingValue.getValue() % 3; String modStr = modValue < 3 ? "" + modValue : modValue.toString(); for (String each : tableNames) { if (each.endsWith(modStr)) { return each; } } throw new IllegalArgumentException(); } @Override public Collection<String> doInSharding(Collection<String> tableNames, ShardingValue<Integer> shardingValue) { Collection<String> result = new LinkedHashSet<String>(tableNames.size()); for (Integer value : shardingValue.getValues()) { Integer modValue = value % 3; String modStr = modValue < 3 ? "" + modValue : modValue.toString(); for (String tableName : tableNames) { if (tableName.endsWith(modStr)) { result.add(tableName); } } } return result; } }
5、配置完成,可以实现增删改查测试。