Python 中的几种复制文件的用法

1. os.system

Python code

import os
import tempfile

filename1 = tempfile.mktemp (".txt") #产生临时文件或目录，tempfile.mktemp(suffix='',prefix='tmp'，dir=None)
                                      产生的文件名或目录，默认就是函数里的参数。  

open (filename1, "w").close ()
filename2 = filename1 + ".copy"
print filename1, "=>", filename2
#拷文件
os.system ("copy %s %s" % (filename1, filename2))
if os.path.isfile (filename2): print "Success"

dirname1 = tempfile.mktemp (".dir")
os.mkdir (dirname1)
dirname2 = dirname1 + ".copy"
print dirname1, "=>", dirname2

#拷目录
os.system ("xcopy /s %s %s" % (dirname1, dirname2)) #DOS下，拷贝目录命令xcopy
if os.path.isdir (dirname2): print "Success"

2. shutil.copy和shutil.copytree

Python code

import os import shutil import tempfile filename1 = tempfile.mktemp (".txt") open (filename1, "w").close () filename2 = filename1 + ".copy" print filename1, "=>", filename2 #拷文件 shutil.copy (filename1, filename2) if os.path.isfile (filename2): print "Success" dirname1 = tempfile.mktemp (".dir") os.mkdir (dirname1) dirname2 = dirname1 + ".copy" print dirname1, "=>", dirname2 #拷目录 shutil.copytree (dirname1, dirname2) if os.path.isdir (dirname2): print "Success"

3. win32file.CopyFile

Python code

import os
import win32file
import tempfile

filename1 = tempfile.mktemp (".txt")
open (filename1, "w").close ()
filename2 = filename1 + ".copy"
print filename1, "=>", filename2
#拷文件
#文件已存在时，1为不覆盖，0为覆盖
win32file.CopyFile (filename1, filename2, 1)
win32file.CopyFile (filename1, filename2, 0)
win32file.CopyFile (filename1, filename2, 1)

if os.path.isfile (filename2): print "Success"

dirname1 = tempfile.mktemp (".dir")
os.mkdir (dirname1)
dirname2 = dirname1 + ".copy"
print dirname1, "=>", dirname2

#拷目录
win32file.CopyFile (dirname1, dirname2, 1)
if os.path.isdir (dirname2): print "Success"

4. SHFileOperation

Python code

import os
from win32com.shell import shell, shellcon
import tempfile

filename1 = tempfile.mktemp (".txt")
open (filename1, "w").close ()
filename2 = filename1 + ".copy"
print filename1, "=>", filename2
#拷文件
#文件已存在时，shellcon.FOF_RENAMEONCOLLISION会指示重命名文件
shell.SHFileOperation (
  (0, shellcon.FO_COPY, filename1, filename2, 0, None, None)
)
shell.SHFileOperation (
  (0, shellcon.FO_COPY, filename1, filename2, shellcon.FOF_RENAMEONCOLLISION, None, None)
)
shell.SHFileOperation (
  (0, shellcon.FO_COPY, filename1, filename2, 0, None, None)
)

if os.path.isfile (filename2): print "Success"

dirname1 = tempfile.mktemp (".dir")
os.mkdir (dirname1)
dirname2 = dirname1 + ".copy"
print dirname1, "=>", dirname2

#拷目录
shell.SHFileOperation (
  (0, shellcon.FO_COPY, dirname1, dirname2, 0, None, None)
)

if os.path.isdir (dirname2): print "Success"

测试结果出来了：
测试环境：系统——Win7 RTM，CPU——P4 3.0，MEM——1.5G DDR400，U盘——Kingston 4G

用4种不同的方法从硬盘拷贝MSDN 2008 SP1（2.37G）到U盘：

os System 的方法耗时903.218秒
shutil 的方法耗时1850.634秒
win32file 的方法耗时861.438秒
SHFileOperation的方法耗时794.023秒

另外SHFileOperation是显示对话框的，可以这样用

SHFileOperation能操作网络上的文件
如果你想将本地文件复制到192.168.1.99
那么只要在192.168.1.99上共享123目录
然后将pTo设置为http://www.cnblogs.com/lovemo1314/admin/file://192.168.1.99/123
就可以了
但不要设置为http://www.cnblogs.com/lovemo1314/admin/file://192.168.1.99/

Python code

shell.SHFileOperation ( 

(0, shellcon.FO_COPY, filename1, filename2, 

shellcon.FOF_RENAMEONCOLLISION | 

 shellcon.FOF_NOCONFIRMATION | 

shellcon.FOF_NOERRORUI |  

shellcon.FOF_SILENT, None, None))

FOF_SILENT  //不产生正在复制的对话框
FOF_NOCONFIRMMKDIR//如果目的目录不存在，就默认创建
FOF_NOCONFIRMATION //不出现确认文件替换对话框(Confirmation Dialog)(默认替换原来的文i件)
FOF_NOERRORUI//不出现错误对话框
最好不要同时使用FOF_NOERRORUI,FOF_NOCONFIRMMKDIR,因为FOF_NOCONFIRMMKDIR屏蔽了missing directory Error
但FOF_NOERROR又屏蔽了missing directory Error,那么在同时使用FOF_NOERRORUI,FOF_NOCONFIRMMKDIR