Linux安装MySQL5.7
操作系统信息
# cat /etc/issue
CentOS release 6.5 (Final)
Kernel on an m
# uname -a
Linux mysql5-6 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Nov 22 03:15:09 UTC 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
上传文件至Linux服务器
652M mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar
解压mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar
shell> tar -xvf mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar
652M mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar
624M mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
28M mysql-test-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
shell> mv mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz /usr/local
卸载系统自带的mysql
shell> rpm -qa|grep -i mysql
可能会出现以下的一个或多个，没有更好，说明你的系统很干净，但是以防万一，不管怎样，下面的操作还是检查一变
perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_64
mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64
qt-mysql-4.6.2-26.el6_4.x86_64
mysql-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64
mysql-server-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64
如果出现了上面的一个或多个，也不用担心，使用卸载命令，有几个删几个
卸载命令：rpm -ev {包名}
会出现很多问题，最常见的就是卸载mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64 会发现postfix-2:2.6.6-2.2.el6_1.x86_64被依赖，不用担心，用下面这个命令就OK啦
rpm -ev mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64 如果这句没用，则运行下面的这句
rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64
重新检查
shell> rpm -qa|grep -i mysql
查找老版本mysql相关的安装目录命令：find / -name mysql
若查找到相关目录使用命令：rm –rf {目录名}
检查配置文件
/etc/my.cnf or the /etc/mysql
进入/etc/目录查看mysql的配置文件my.cnf是否存在，若存在则使用命令：rm –f my.cnf 进行删除。
安装MySQL5.7
挂载磁盘，安装依赖包
shell> vi /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo
[base]
name=local
baseurl=file:///media
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
shell> mount /dev/sr0 /media
shell> yum search libaio
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
base | 4.0 kB 00:00 ...
===================================================================================== N/S Matched: libaio ======================================================================================
libaio.i686 : Linux-native asynchronous I/O access library
libaio.x86_64 : Linux-native asynchronous I/O access library
libaio-devel.i686 : Development files for Linux-native asynchronous I/O access
libaio-devel.x86_64 : Development files for Linux-native asynchronous I/O access
Name and summary matches only, use "search all" for everything.
shell>
shell> yum install libaio
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Setting up Install Process
Package libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Nothing to do
shell>
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
########官方给的安装步骤-begin########
shell> groupadd mysql
shell> useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql
shell> cd /usr/local
shell> tar zxvf /path/to/mysql-VERSION-OS.tar.gz
shell> ln -s full-path-to-mysql-VERSION-OS mysql
shell> cd mysql
shell> mkdir mysql-files
shell> chmod 750 mysql-files
shell> chown -R mysql .
shell> chgrp -R mysql .
shell> bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql # MySQL 5.7.5
shell> bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql # MySQL 5.7.6 and up
shell> bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup # MySQL 5.7.6 and up
shell> chown -R root .
shell> chown -R mysql data mysql-files
shell> bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
# Next command is optional
shell> cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server
#This procedure assumes that you have root (administrator) access to your system. Alternatively, #you can prefix each command using the sudo (Linux) or pfexec (Solaris) command.
########官方给的安装步骤-end########
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
shell> groupadd mysql
shell> useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql
解压
shell> cd /usr/local
shell> tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
2.5G mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64
652M mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar
624M mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
28M mysql-test-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
shell> ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql
#加入环境变量
shell> export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
#or
shell> vi ~/.bash_profile
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
shell> source ~/.bash_profile
创建目录并初始化
shell> cd mysql
shell> mkdir mysql-files
shell> chmod 750 mysql-files
shell> chown -R mysql .
shell> chgrp -R mysql .
shell> bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
#######mysqld --initialize-insecure自动生成无密码的root用户；
#######mysqld --initialize是自动生成随机密码用户
# bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
2017-07-28T08:51:56.297979Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2017-07-28T08:52:00.158925Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2017-07-28T08:52:00.706047Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2017-07-28T08:52:00.782558Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 0524601a-7372-11e7-81cb-000c294f09b9.
2017-07-28T08:52:00.785616Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2017-07-28T08:52:00.787531Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: iInaInXY09%c
注意这里给的自动生成随机密码
shell> bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup
# bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup
Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
.........+++
....................................................+++
writing new private key to 'ca-key.pem'
-----
Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
............+++
.........+++
writing new private key to 'server-key.pem'
-----
Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
..................................................................................................+++
..........................................................+++
writing new private key to 'client-key.pem'
-----
修改权限并启动数据库
shell> chown -R root .
shell> chown -R mysql data mysql-files
shell> cp -a ./support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
shell> cp -a support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
shell> chkconfig --add mysqld ###把mysql注册为开机启动的服务
shell> chkconfig --list mysqld
shell> bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql&
shell> /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
# bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql&
[1] 4510
[root@oracle11gr203db mysql]# 2017-07-28T08:54:16.946452Z mysqld_safe Logging to './data/oracle11gr203db.err'.
Logging to './data/oracle11gr203db.err'.
2017-07-28T08:54:17.055256Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from ./data
2017-07-28T08:54:17.661300Z mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file ./data/oracle11gr203db.pid ended
/etc/init.d/mysqld restart
MySQL server PID file could not be found! [FAILED]
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/oracle11gr203db.err'.
. [ OK ]
[1]+ Done bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql
# service mysqld status
MySQL running (5053) [ OK ]
# ps -ef|grep mysql
root 4961 1 0 17:08 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/oracle11gr203db.pid
mysql 5053 4961 0 17:08 pts/0 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/oracle11gr203db.err --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/oracle11gr203db.pid
root 5102 4194 0 17:10 pts/3 00:00:00 grep mysql
# netstat -anpt
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1624/sshd
tcp 0 52 172.168.183.148:22 172.168.183.1:58682 ESTABLISHED 3905/sshd
tcp 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1624/sshd
tcp 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 5053/mysqld
#mysql服务的开启和关闭
shell> /etc/init.d/mysqld start 或者 service mysqld start 或者 bin/mysqld_safe&
shell> /etc/init.d/mysqld stop 或者 service mysqld stop 或者 bin/mysqladmin -uroot -p
登录MySQL
shell> mysql -uroot -piInaInXY09%c
# mysql -uroot -piInaInXY09%c
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.17
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
mysql>
mysql>
mysql>
mysql> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql>
第一次登录需要重置密码
设置密码，以下两种方式均可：
1---mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('Mysqlpassw0rd.');
2---mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'Mysqlpassw0rd.';
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'root123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('root123456');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> use mysql
mysql> select Host, User, authentication_string, plugin,password_expired from user where user='root' and host='root' or host='localhost';
新安装的MySQL5.7, mysql数据库下已经没有password这个字段了，password字段改成了
authentication_string
所以更改语句替换为
update MySQL.user set authentication_string=password('root') where user='root' ;
忘记重改密码
shell> mysqld_safe --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking &
# mysqld_safe --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking &
[1] 3976
[root@oracle11gr203db data]# 2017-07-28T08:09:08.347428Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/oracle11gr203db.err'.
2017-07-28T08:09:08.361474Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/oracle11gr203db.err'.
2017-07-28T08:09:08.469226Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data
# service mysqld status
MySQL running (4087) [ OK ]
# ps -ef|grep mysql
root 3976 3955 0 16:09 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking
mysql 4087 3976 1 16:09 pts/0 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking --log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/oracle11gr203db.err --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/oracle11gr203db.pid
root 4130 3955 0 16:09 pts/0 00:00:00 grep mysql
这种启动没有监听端口！
shell> mysql -u root mysql
新设置用户或更改密码后需用flush privileges刷新MySQL的系统权限相关表，否则会出现拒绝访问，还有一种方法，就是重新启动mysql服务器，来使新设置生效。
mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('root123456');
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> use mysql
mysql> select Host, User, authentication_string, plugin,password_expired from user where user='root' and host='root' or host='localhost';
mysql 正在使用的 my.cnf 配置文件在哪个位置
shell> mysql --help | grep my.cnf
# mysql --help | grep my.cnf
order of preference, my.cnf, $MYSQL_TCP_PORT,
/etc/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf /usr/local/mysql/etc/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf
# ll /etc/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf /usr/local/mysql/etc/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf
ls: cannot access /etc/my.cnf: No such file or directory
ls: cannot access /etc/mysql/my.cnf: No such file or directory
ls: cannot access /usr/local/mysql/etc/my.cnf: No such file or directory
ls: cannot access /root/.my.cnf: No such file or directory
我第一次安装好MySQL 5.7.17 时并没用创建/etc/my.cnf
# cp -a ./support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
# ll /etc/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf /usr/local/mysql/etc/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf
ls: cannot access /etc/mysql/my.cnf: No such file or directory
ls: cannot access /usr/local/mysql/etc/my.cnf: No such file or directory
ls: cannot access /root/.my.cnf: No such file or directory
-rw-r--r-- 1 root mysql 1126 Nov 28 2016 /etc/my.cnf
将/etc/my.cnf移动到/usr/local/mysql/
shell> mv /etc/my.cnf /usr/local/mysql/
修改数据库监听端口
已将my.cnf移动到/usr/local/mysql/
修改改配置文件，
shell>vi /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf
port = 3399 ##修改port参数
重启数据库
shell> service mysqld restart
# service mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.. [ OK ]
Starting MySQL.. [ OK ]
检查端口
shell> netstat -anpt
# netstat -anpt
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1624/sshd
tcp 0 0 172.168.183.148:22 172.168.183.1:58682 ESTABLISHED 3905/sshd
tcp 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1624/sshd
tcp 0 0 :::3399 :::* LISTEN 5498/mysqld
参考文档
linux mysql5.7.17安装教程
https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/5553fa82a9858365a23934e1.html
Mysql5.7Linux安装详细步骤
http://www.2cto.com/database/201701/584468.html
linux下mysql安装
http://blog.csdn.net/bao19901210/article/details/51917641
在Linux系统上卸载自带的mysql插件
http://blog.csdn.net/qq_16066381/article/details/56300558