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  • 孙鑫- VC++在对话框程序中让对话框捕获WM_KEYDOWN消息

       在对话框程序中,我们经常是利用对话框上的子控件进行命令响应来处理一些事件。如果我们想要让对话框(子控件的父窗口)类来响应我们的按键消息,我们可以通过ClassWizard对WM_KEYDOWN消息进行响应,当程序运行后,我们按下键盘上的按键,但对话框不会有任何的反应。这是因为在对话框程序中,某些特定的消息,例如按键消息,它们被Windows内部的对话框过程处理了(即在基类中完成了处理,有兴趣的读者可以查看MFC的源代码),或者被发送给子控件进行处理,所以我们在对话框类中就捕获不到按键的消息了。既然我们知道了这个处理的过程,我们就可以找到底层处理按键消息的函数,然后在子类中重载它,就可以在对话框程序中处理按键消息了。在MFC中,是利用BOOL ProcessMessageFilter(intcode, LPMSG lpMsg)这个虚函数来过滤或响应菜单和对话框的特定Windows消息。下面我们通过程序给大家演示基于对话框的应用程序对WM_KEYDOWN消息的捕获。

       第一步:新建一个工程,选择MFC AppWizard (exe),工程名为WinSun,点击ok,进入下一步,选择Dialog based,点击Finish。

       第二步:在CWinSunApp类上点击右键,选择Add Member Varialbe,增加一个类型为HWND,变量名m_hwndDlg的public的变量。代码如下:

    WinSun.h
    
    class CWinSunApp : public CWinApp
    {
    public:
       HWND m_hwndDlg;
       CWinSunApp();
    // Overrides
    // ClassWizard generated virtual function overrides
       //{{AFX_VIRTUAL(CWinSunApp)
     public:
       virtual BOOL InitInstance();
       //}}AFX_VIRTUAL
       // Implementation
       //{{AFX_MSG(CWinSunApp)
       // NOTE - the ClassWizard will add and remove member functions here.
       //    DO NOT EDIT what you see in these blocks of generated code !
       //}}AFX_MSG
       DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
    };

          第三步:在WinSun.cppCWinSunApp类)文件中的InitInstance()函数中添加如下代码:

    WinSun.cpp
    
    BOOL CWinSunApp::InitInstance()
    {
        AfxEnableControlContainer();
        // Standard initialization
        // If you are not using these features and wish to reduce the size
        //  of your final executable, you should remove from the following
        //  the specific initialization routines you do not need.
    #ifdef _AFXDLL
           Enable3dControls();                     // Call this when using MFC in a shared DLL
    #else
          Enable3dControlsStatic();      // Call this when linking to MFC statically
    #endif
           CWinSunDlg dlg;
           m_pMainWnd = &dlg;
           int nResponse = dlg.DoModal();
           if (nResponse == IDOK)
           {
               // TODO: Place code here to handle when the dialog is
               //  dismissed with OK
           }
           else if (nResponse == IDCANCEL)
           {
                 // TODO: Place code here to handle when the dialog is
                 //  dismissed with Cancel
           }
    
           // Since the dialog has been closed, return FALSE so that we exit the
           //  application, rather than start the application's message pump.
           m_hwndDlg=NULL;
    
           return FALSE;
    }

          第四步:CWinSunApp类上点击右键,选择Add Virtual Function,在左边一栏里,选择ProcessMessageFilter,在右边按钮上选择Add and Edit,然后加入以下代码:

    WinSun.cpp
    
    BOOL CWinSunApp::ProcessMessageFilter(int code, LPMSG lpMsg)
    {
        // TODO: Add your specialized code here and/or call the base class
        if(m_hwndDlg!=NULL)
        {
           //判断消息,如果消息是从对话框发出的或者其子控件发出的,我们就进行处理。sunxin
           if((lpMsg->hwnd==m_hwndDlg) || ::IsChild(m_hwndDlg,lpMsg->hwnd))
           {
               //如果消息是WM_KEYDOWN,我们就弹出一个消息框。sunxin
               if(lpMsg->message==WM_KEYDOWN)
                {
                    AfxMessageBox("捕获WM_KEYDOWN消息成功!");
                }
    
           }
         }
    
         return CWinApp::ProcessMessageFilter(code, lpMsg);
    }

        第五步:在WinSunDlg.cppCWinSunDlg类)中的OnInitialDialog()函数中加入以下代码:

    WinSunDlg.cpp
    
    BOOL CWinSunDlg::OnInitDialog()
    {
       CDialog::OnInitDialog();
       // Add "About..." menu item to system menu.
       // IDM_ABOUTBOX must be in the system command range.
       ASSERT((IDM_ABOUTBOX & 0xFFF0) == IDM_ABOUTBOX);
       ASSERT(IDM_ABOUTBOX < 0xF000);
    
       CMenu* pSysMenu = GetSystemMenu(FALSE);
       if (pSysMenu != NULL)
       {
           CString strAboutMenu;
           strAboutMenu.LoadString(IDS_ABOUTBOX);
           if (!strAboutMenu.IsEmpty())
           {
               pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_SEPARATOR);
               pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_STRING, IDM_ABOUTBOX, strAboutMenu);
           }
        }
    
        // Set the icon for this dialog.  The framework does this automatically
        //  when the application's main window is not a dialog
        SetIcon(m_hIcon, TRUE);                  // Set big icon
        SetIcon(m_hIcon, FALSE);          // Set small icon
    
        // TODO: Add extra initialization here
        //将对话框的句柄传递到CWinSunApp类中。sunxin
    
       ((CWinSunApp*)AfxGetApp())->m_hwndDlg=m_hWnd;
       return TRUE;  // return TRUE  unless you set the focus to a control
    }

         第六步:在对话框窗口销毁后,将CWinSunApp类中的变量m_hwndDlg置为NULL,为此我们CWinSunDlg类上点击右键,选择Add Windows Message Handler,在左边一栏中选择WM_DESTROY,在右边按钮上选择Add and Edit,然后加入以下代码:

    WinSunDlg.cpp
    
    void CWinSunDlg::OnDestroy()
    {
       CDialog::OnDestroy();
    
       // TODO: Add your message handler code here
       ((CWinSunApp*)AfxGetApp())->m_hwndDlg=NULL;
    }

        至此,我们的工作就做完了,现在我们可以按Ctrl+F5运行程序,看到我们想要的结果。当然,如果我们想捕获WM_KEYUPWM_CHAR消息,也是类似,这就交给读者下来自行完成了。

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/hwm520hlf1314/p/3665487.html
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