1、查看系统版本，显示我的系统是64位
[root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z ~]# uname -a Linux iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z 3.10.0-514.26.2.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Jul 4 15:04:05 UTC 2017 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux [root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z ~]#
2、检查是否安装过mysql，我这里显示没有安装过
[root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
[root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z ~]#
如果安装过，需要卸载，参考博客：https://www.jianshu.com/p/276d59cbc529
3、下载mysql
在官网：http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/ 中，选择合适版本的mysql下载： 可以命令行下载，也可以下载完安装包以后，传到linux下
[root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z ~]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
4、安装
a：解压安装包
[root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z ~]# ls #解压后目录如下
mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z ~]# mv mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql #目录名太长，重命名
[root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z ~]# ls
mysql mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
b：添加mysql用户组和mysql用户
先检查是否有mysql用户组和mysql用户，我这里是没有的
[root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z mysql]# groups mysql
groups: mysql: no such user
创建用户和用户组
[root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z mysql]# groupadd mysql [root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z mysql]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql [root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z mysql]# groups mysql mysql : mysql
将安装目录所有者及所属组改为mysql ，这个根据自己的目录来，我安装到了root目录下，是自己用来练习的
[root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql /root/mysql
编译安装并初始化mysql,务必记住初始化输出日志末尾的密码（数据库管理员临时密码）
[root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z bin]# /root/mysql/bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/root/mysqll --datadir=/root/mysql/data --initialize /root/mysql/bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
安装过程中，遇到了如上错误，安装如下模块
[root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z bin]# yum install libaio
上面问题解决了，又出现了如下问题，查找网上的解决办法，指定--datadir=/root/mysql/data，我本身初始化就指定了。还有说将my.cnf中read only注释掉，我的cnf文件本身就没有
[ERROR] Can't open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it.
5、由于报错没解决，自己也不会解决，于是简单粗暴的删除，重新安装
完全按照博客：https://www.jianshu.com/p/276d59cbc529 安装
编译安装并初始化mysql,务必记住初始化输出日志末尾的密码（数据库管理员临时密码），是成功的（_oz0u4sfKJ(d）
[root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z bin]# ./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --basedir=/usr/local/mysql 2019-12-17T02:55:45.321270Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details). 2019-12-17T02:55:56.116276Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790 2019-12-17T02:55:57.622633Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables. 2019-12-17T02:55:57.767239Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: c000ee56-2078-11ea-8e2b-00163e14ed06. 2019-12-17T02:55:57.770174Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened. 2019-12-17T02:55:57.770767Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: _oz0u4sfKJ(d
6、编辑配置文件，编辑配置文件my.cnf，添加配置如下
[root@localhost bin]# vi /etc/my.cnf [mysqld]
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd
port = 3306
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
max_connections=400
innodb_file_per_table=1
#表名大小写不明感，敏感为
lower_case_table_names=1
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid
7、启动服务，报错
[root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z mysql]# cd support-files/ [root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z support-files]# ls magic mysqld_multi.server mysql-log-rotate mysql.server [root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z support-files]# ./mysql.server start Starting MySQL.2019-12-17T03:03:23.540783Z mysqld_safe error: log-error set to '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log', however file don't exists. Create writable for user 'mysql'. The server quit without updating PID file (/usr/local/mysql[FAILED]2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z.pid).
解决办法：查找发现确实没有/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log这个文件，新建并更改其用户组即可
[root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z var]# cd log [root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z log]# ls anaconda cron-20191124 grubby maillog-20191208 multi-nic-util secure-20191202 spooler-20191215 audit cron-20191202 grubby_prune_debug maillog-20191215 ntp.log secure-20191208 tallylog boot.log cron-20191208 journal messages ntpstats secure-20191215 tuned btmp cron-20191215 lastlog messages-20191124 ppp spooler wpa_supplicant.log btmp-20191201 dmesg maillog messages-20191202 sa spooler-20191124 wtmp cloud-init.log dmesg.old maillog-20191124 messages-20191208 secure spooler-20191202 yum.log cron ecs_network_optimization.log maillog-20191202 messages-20191215 secure-20191124 spooler-20191208 [root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z log]# mkdir mariadb [root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z log]# cd mariadb/ [root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z mariadb]# touch mariadb.log [root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z mariadb]# cd .. [root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z log]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log/mariadb/
再次启动服务，继续报错，伤心。var/lib/mysql”目录不存在
[root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z support-files]# ./mysql.server start Starting MySQL.2019-12-17T03:13:27.055391Z mysqld_safe Directory '/var/lib/mysql' for UNIX socket file don't exists. The server quit without updating PID file (/usr/local/mysql[FAILED]2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z.pid).
解决
[root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z lib]# mkdir mysql [root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z lib]# ls alternatives cloud dhclient games logrotate misc NetworkManager os-prober polkit-1 rpm rsyslog systemd yum authconfig dbus dnsmasq initramfs machines mysql ntp plymouth postfix rpm-state stateless tpm [root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z lib]# chmod 777 /var/lib/mysql
再次启动服务，终于起来了，安装成功
[root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z support-files]# ./mysql.server start
Starting MySQL.... [ OK ]
8、添加软链接，并重启mysql服务
[root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z support-files]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql [root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z support-files]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql [root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z support-files]# service mysql restart Shutting down MySQL.. [ OK ] Starting MySQL.. [ OK ]
9、登录mysql，修改密码(使用临时密码)。没错，又报错了
[root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z support-files]# mysql -u root -p Enter password: ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)
解决办法：修改my.cnf配置文件，添加client 。参考：https://blog.csdn.net/zhizhengguan/article/details/86686930
[mysqld] datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 # Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used. # If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group, # customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the # instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd port = 3306 sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES max_connections=400 innodb_file_per_table=1 #表名大小写不明感，敏感为 lower_case_table_names=1 [mysqld_safe] log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid [client] port=3306 socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
10、重新启动并登陆，登陆成功了
[root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z support-files]# service mysql restart Shutting down MySQL.. [ OK ] Starting MySQL.. [ OK ] [root@iz2zedr8770rctry7tq8t7z support-files]# mysql -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.7.24 Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
11、修改密码
mysql> set password=password('123456'); Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
12、开放远程链接
mysql> use mysql Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed mysql> update user set user.Host='%' where user.User='root'; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0 mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
13、设置开机自动启动
1、将服务文件拷贝到init.d下，并重命名为mysql [root@localhost /]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld 2、赋予可执行权限 [root@localhost /]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld 3、添加服务 [root@localhost /]# chkconfig --add mysqld 4、显示服务列表 [root@localhost /]# chkconfig --list
注：看到有的博客在步骤7前，修改系统配置文件，可能这就是我各种报错的原因，参考博客：https://www.cnblogs.com/fanshudada/p/9781794.html
#cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files
# cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
# vim /etc/init.d/mysql