现象
robot@CCM-P710:~/xiao$ sudo apt-get -f install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... failed.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
aptitude : Depends: libsigc++-2.0-0c2a (>= 2.0.2) but it is not installable
Recommends: apt-xapian-index but it is not installed
click : Depends: python3-click (= 0.4.21.1ubuntu0.2) but 6.2-2ubuntu1 is installed
Recommends: upstart-app-launch-tools
default-jre : Depends: default-jre-headless (= 2:1.8-56ubuntu2) but 2:1.7-51 is installed
gstreamer1.0-clutter : Depends: libcogl15 (>= 1.15.8) but it is not installable
indicator-applet : Depends: libpanel-applet-4-0 (>= 3.2.1) but it is not installable
libclutter-gtk-1.0-0 : Depends: libcogl15 (>= 1.15.8) but it is not installable
libcwidget3 : Depends: libsigc++-2.0-0c2a (>= 2.0.2) but it is not installable
libegl1-mesa-dev : Depends: libegl1-mesa (= 18.0.5-0ubuntu0~16.04.1) but 10.1.3-0ubuntu0.6 is installed
Depends: libwayland-egl1-mesa (= 18.0.5-0ubuntu0~16.04.1) but 10.1.3-0ubuntu0.6 is installed
libgl1-mesa-dev : Depends: libgl1-mesa-glx (= 18.0.5-0ubuntu0~16.04.1) but 10.1.3-0ubuntu0.6 is installed
libgles2-mesa : Depends: libglapi-mesa (= 18.0.5-0ubuntu0~16.04.1) but 10.1.3-0ubuntu0.6 is installed
libnux-4.0-0 : Depends: libsigc++-2.0-0c2a (>= 2.0.2) but it is not installable
libstdc++-5-dev : Depends: libstdc++6 (>= 5.5.0-12ubuntu1~14.04) but 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.11 is installed
libstdc++-6-dev : Depends: libstdc++6 (>= 6.4.0-17ubuntu1~14.04) but 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.11 is installed
libstdc++-7-dev : Depends: libstdc++6 (>= 7.3.0-16ubuntu3~14.04) but 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.11 is installed
libstdc++6 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.11) but 5.5.0-12ubuntu1~14.04 is installed
Breaks: libstdc++6:i386 (!= 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.11) but 8.1.0-5ubuntu1~14.04 is installed
libstdc++6:i386 : Breaks: libstdc++6 (!= 8.1.0-5ubuntu1~14.04) but 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.11 is installed
openjdk-8-jdk-headless : Depends: openjdk-8-jre-headless (= 8u222-b10-1ubuntu1~16.04.1) but 8u171-b11-2~14.04 is installed
openjdk-8-jre : Depends: openjdk-8-jre-headless (= 8u222-b10-1ubuntu1~16.04.1) but 8u171-b11-2~14.04 is installed
orage : Depends: libical1 (>= 1.0) but it is not installable
xserver-xorg-video-all : Depends: xserver-xorg-video-amdgpu
E: Error, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve generated breaks, this may be caused by held packages.
E: Unable to correct dependencies
原因
从日志里面看到有很多是，目前需要依赖的是 ubuntu1~14.04 ，但是实际安装的是 ubuntu1~16.04.11。
问题就是从 14 升级到 16 遇到的问题。
解决办法
就是还是安装的是 不是 16.04 这个版本的，都卸载掉，然后重新安装。
比如这里的 openjdk-8-jre : Depends: openjdk-8-jre-headless (= 8u222-b10-1ubuntu1~16.04.1) but 8u171-b11-2~14.04 is installed。目前是14.04的，需要安装16.04的。
因此先remove掉这个
sudo dpkg --force-depends --remove openjdk-8-jre-headless
后面再安装
sudo apt-get install openjdk-8-jre-headless
如果是 libstdc++ 或者 libapt 之类的话，卸载了，就运行不了 apt-get了。不过可以在下面的网站下载，然后安装
https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/xenial/amd64?text=libstdc%2B%2B6
wget http://launchpadlibrarian.net/385645739/libstdc++6_5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.11_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg --force-depends -i libstdc++6_5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.11_amd64.deb
最后执行
sudo apt-get -f install