这几天一直在做Java解析Json数据的一个项目,因为初识json,所以很多东西都是有着懵懂的认识。这里写下我解析时遇到的问题和收获。
我解析json时用到的是json-lib包。下载地址:http://json-lib.sourceforge.net。用这个包时,还要用到其他几个支持包:commons-lang.jar、commons-logging.jar,commons-beanutils.jar、xom-1.0-2005-01-05.jar、ezmorph-1.0.1.jar,以上包都可在http://json-lib.sourceforge.net下载。
先给出2个简单的例子。
1.java2json
样例:
public class testJson{
public static void main(String[] args) {
String json
= "{"name":"reiz"}";
JSONObject
jsonObj = JSONObject.fromObject(json);
String name
= jsonObj.getString("name");
jsonObj.put("initial", name.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase());
String[]
likes = new String[] { "JavaScript", "Skiing", "Apple Pie" };
jsonObj.put("likes", likes);
Map<String, String> ingredients = new
HashMap<String, String>();
ingredients.put("apples", "3kg");
ingredients.put("sugar", "1kg");
ingredients.put("pastry", "2.4kg");
ingredients.put("bestEaten", "outdoors");
jsonObj.put("ingredients",ingredients);
System.out.println(jsonObj);
}
}
输出结果:
{"name":"reiz","initial":"R","likes":["JavaScript","Skiing","Apple Pie"],"ingredients":{"apples":"3kg","pastry":"2.4kg","bestEaten":"outdoors","sugar":"1kg"}}
java2json的资料网上很多,此不具体研究。
2.javafromjson
例子:
public class testJson{
public static void main(String[] args) {
String json =
"{x:'1',y:'2',userId:'112',element:[{id:'123',name:'haha'},{id:'456',name:'hehe'}]}";
JSONObject obj =
JSONObject.fromObject(json);
String x =
obj.getString("x");
String userid =
obj.getString("userId");
System.out.println("x is:" +
x);
System.out.println("userId
is:" + userid);
//
数组array结果:[{"id":"123","name":"haha"},{"id":"456","name":"hehe"}]
JSONArray jsonArray =
obj.getJSONArray("element");
for (int i = 0; i
< jsonArray.size(); i++) {
System.out.println("element " + i + " :" + jsonArray.get(i));
}
}
}
输出:
x is:1
userId is:112
element 0 :{"id":"123","name":"haha"}
element 1 :{"id":"456","name":"hehe"}
从上例可以看出,若取某一数组,可用json.get(i)取出。若想继续取出数组中第i个元素内的某一个值,如取出数组第一个元素中id的值,可用 (JSONObject)json.get(0).getInt("id")取出,为了看出细节,我们设取第二个元素中name的值,代码如下:
JSONObject obj2 = JSONObject.fromObject(array.get(1));
System.out.println(obj2.getString("name"));
输出结果为 hehe
可以看出一般步骤为:将要目标字符串转为JSON对象(JSONObject.fromObject()方法),再根据相应方法取出该对象中需要的值。
如果我们要将json反序列化为javabean呢?
String
jsonStr =
"{x:1,"userId":"112",element:[{id:'123',name:'haha'},{id:'456',name:'hehe'}]}";
Map<String,Class<?>>
m = new
HashMap<String,Class<?>>();
m.put("x",
Integer.class);
m.put("userId",
String.class);
m.put("element",Element.class);
Jsontobean
myBean = (Jsontobean)JSONObject.toBean(
JSONObject.fromObject(jsonStr), Jsontobean.class, m );
System.out.println("x: " +
myBean.getX());
System.out.println("userId: "
+ myBean.getUserId());
for(Element e :
myBean.getElement()){
System.out.println(e.getId() +"," + e.getName());
}
public class Jsontobean {
private int
x = 1;
private
String userId = "112";
private
List<Element> element;
public int
getX() {
return x;
}
public void
setX(int x) {
this.x = x;
}
public
String getUserId() {
return userId;
}
public void
setUserId(String userId) {
this.userId = userId;
}
public
List<Element> getElement() {
return element;
}
public void
setElement(List<Element> element)
{
this.element = element;
}
}
public class Element {
private int
id;
private
String name;
private
Element source;
public int
getId() {
return id;
}
public void
setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public
String getName() {
return name;
}
public void
setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public void setSource(Element source) {
this.source = source;
}
public Element getSource() {
return source;
}
public
String toString(){
return "" + id + "," + name;
}
}
输出:
x: 1
userId: 112
123,haha
456,hehe
-------
1)JSONObject to DynaBean
所谓动态bean即是java运行的时候根据情况创建的,而不是程序员已经写好了的Bean。JsonLib会自动根据Json格式数据创建字段,然后创建一个包含这些字段的Object。代码片段:
- String str = "{'string':'JSON', 'integer': 1, 'double': 2.0, 'boolean': true}";
- JSONObject jsonObject = (JSONObject) JSONSerializer.toJSON( str );
- DynaBean bean = (DynaBean) JSONSerializer.toJava( jsonObject );
- assertEquals( "JSON", bean.get("string") );
- assertEquals( new Integer(1), bean.get("integer") );
- assertEquals( new Double(2.0), bean.get("double") );
- assertEquals( Boolean.TRUE, bean.get("boolean") );
2)JSONObject to JavaBean
JSONLIB在转换的时候会自动查找关系,比如子类和父类
例如JSON数据源
String s =
"{'shopList':[{name:'重量',property:'p1'},{name:'尺寸',property:'p2'},
{name:'显卡 类型',property:'p3'},{name:'硬盘容量',property:'p4'},{name:'处理器
',property:'p5'},{name:'内存',property:'p6'},{name:'型号',property:'p7'},
{name:'货号',property:'p8'},{name:'品牌',property:'p9'}]}";
存入Map
map.put("shopList",
Shop.class);
ShopList shopList = (ShopList)
JSONObject.toBean(JSONObject.fromObject(s), ShopList.class,
map);
JSONObject.toBean()方法的三个参数分别表示数据源对应的JSON对象,转化后的对象ShopList和数据源map。
这种方法和动态转换的区别在于,动态转换仅仅只是转为Object,而静态转换是转换为已经定义过的实体类,会自动映射。JSONObject.toBean()的参数介绍。