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  • Python xml属性/节点/文本的增删改[xml.etree.ElementTree]

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    ========================

    需求:

    在实际应用中,需要对xml配置文件进行实时修改, 

     1.增加、删除 某些节点

     2.增加,删除,修改某个节点下的某些属性

     3.增加,删除,修改某些节点的文本


    xml源文件格式[例]

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <framework>
    	<processers>
    		<processer name="AProcesser" file="lib64/A.so"
    			path="/tmp">
    		</processer>
    		<processer name="BProcesser" file="lib64/B.so" value="fordelete">
    		</processer>
    		<processer name="BProcesser" file="lib64/B.so2222222"/>
    		
    		<services>
    			<service name="search" prefix="/bin/search?"
    				output_formatter="OutPutFormatter:service_inc">
    				
    				<chain sequency="chain1"/>
    				<chain sequency="chain2"></chain>
    			</service>
    			<service name="update" prefix="/bin/update?">
    				<chain sequency="chain3" value="fordelete"/>
    			</service>
    		</services>
    	</processers>
    </framework>
    

    使用库:

    xml.etree.ElementTree 

    官方文档地址:http://docs.python.org/library/xml.etree.elementtree.html


    实现思想:

    使用ElementTree,先将文件读入,解析成树,之后,根据路径,可以定位到树的每个节点,再对节点进行修改,最后直接将其输出


    代码附文档:

    #!/usr/bin/python
    # -*- coding=utf-8 -*-
    # author : wklken@yeah.net
    # date: 2012-05-25
    # version: 0.1
    
    from xml.etree.ElementTree import ElementTree,Element
    
    def read_xml(in_path):
        '''读取并解析xml文件
           in_path: xml路径
           return: ElementTree'''
        tree = ElementTree()
        tree.parse(in_path)
        return tree
    
    def write_xml(tree, out_path):
        '''将xml文件写出
           tree: xml树
           out_path: 写出路径'''
        tree.write(out_path, encoding="utf-8",xml_declaration=True)
    
    def if_match(node, kv_map):
        '''判断某个节点是否包含所有传入参数属性
           node: 节点
           kv_map: 属性及属性值组成的map'''
        for key in kv_map:
            if node.get(key) != kv_map.get(key):
                return False
        return True
    
    #---------------search -----
    
    def find_nodes(tree, path):
        '''查找某个路径匹配的所有节点
           tree: xml树
           path: 节点路径'''
        return tree.findall(path)
    
    
    def get_node_by_keyvalue(nodelist, kv_map):
        '''根据属性及属性值定位符合的节点,返回节点
           nodelist: 节点列表
           kv_map: 匹配属性及属性值map'''
        result_nodes = []
        for node in nodelist:
            if if_match(node, kv_map):
                result_nodes.append(node)
        return result_nodes
    
    #---------------change -----
    
    def change_node_properties(nodelist, kv_map, is_delete=False):
        '''修改/增加 /删除 节点的属性及属性值
           nodelist: 节点列表
           kv_map:属性及属性值map'''
        for node in nodelist:
            for key in kv_map:
                if is_delete: 
                    if key in node.attrib:
                        del node.attrib[key]
                else:
                    node.set(key, kv_map.get(key))
                
    def change_node_text(nodelist, text, is_add=False, is_delete=False):
        '''改变/增加/删除一个节点的文本
           nodelist:节点列表
           text : 更新后的文本'''
        for node in nodelist:
            if is_add:
                node.text += text
            elif is_delete:
                node.text = ""
            else:
                node.text = text
                
    def create_node(tag, property_map, content):
        '''新造一个节点
           tag:节点标签
           property_map:属性及属性值map
           content: 节点闭合标签里的文本内容
           return 新节点'''
        element = Element(tag, property_map)
        element.text = content
        return element
            
    def add_child_node(nodelist, element):
        '''给一个节点添加子节点
           nodelist: 节点列表
           element: 子节点'''
        for node in nodelist:
            node.append(element)
            
    def del_node_by_tagkeyvalue(nodelist, tag, kv_map):
        '''同过属性及属性值定位一个节点,并删除之
           nodelist: 父节点列表
           tag:子节点标签
           kv_map: 属性及属性值列表'''
        for parent_node in nodelist:
            children = parent_node.getchildren()
            for child in children:
                if child.tag == tag and if_match(child, kv_map):
                    parent_node.remove(child)
                            
    
    
    if __name__ == "__main__":
        
        #1. 读取xml文件
        tree = read_xml("./test.xml")
        
        #2. 属性修改
          #A. 找到父节点
        nodes = find_nodes(tree, "processers/processer")
          #B. 通过属性准确定位子节点
        result_nodes = get_node_by_keyvalue(nodes, {"name":"BProcesser"})
          #C. 修改节点属性
        change_node_properties(result_nodes, {"age": "1"})
          #D. 删除节点属性
        change_node_properties(result_nodes, {"value":""}, True)
        
        #3. 节点修改
          #A.新建节点
        a = create_node("person", {"age":"15","money":"200000"}, "this is the firest content")
          #B.插入到父节点之下
        add_child_node(result_nodes, a)
        
        #4. 删除节点
           #定位父节点
        del_parent_nodes = find_nodes(tree, "processers/services/service")
           #准确定位子节点并删除之
        target_del_node = del_node_by_tagkeyvalue(del_parent_nodes, "chain", {"sequency" : "chain1"})
        
        #5. 修改节点文本
           #定位节点
        text_nodes = get_node_by_keyvalue(find_nodes(tree, "processers/services/service/chain"), {"sequency":"chain3"})
        change_node_text(text_nodes, "new text")
        
        #6. 输出到结果文件
        write_xml(tree, "./out.xml")
        
     


    通过main处理后的结果文件:

    <?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
    <framework>
    	<processers>
    		<processer file="lib64/A.so" name="AProcesser" path="/tmp">
    		</processer>
    		<processer age="1" file="lib64/B.so" name="BProcesser">
    			<person age="15" money="200000">this is the firest content</person>
    		</processer>
    		<processer age="1" file="lib64/B.so2222222" name="BProcesser">
    			<person age="15" money="200000">this is the firest content</person>
    		</processer>
    
    		<services>
    			<service name="search" output_formatter="OutPutFormatter:service_inc"
    				prefix="/bin/search?">
    
    				<chain sequency="chain2" />
    			</service>
    			<service name="update" prefix="/bin/update?">
    				<chain sequency="chain3" value="fordelete">new text</chain>
    			</service>
    		</services>
    	</processers>
    </framework>



    The end!

    wklken

    2012-05-25



    Meet so Meet. C plusplus I-PLUS....
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/iplus/p/4464640.html
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